Karenda yemimhanzi - Gumiguru
Muna Gumiguru, nharaunda yemimhanzi yenyika inopemberera mazuva ekuzvarwa kwevanoverengeka vakatanhamara vaimbi nevatambi. Kwete pasina ruzha rwekutanga rwakaita kuti vanhu vataure nezvavo kwemakore mazhinji.
Kusika kwavo kuchiri kurarama nhasi
Gumiguru 8, 1551 muRoma akaberekwa Giulio Caccini, munyori uye muimbi, uyo akanyora yakakurumbira "Ave Maria", basa rinoputsa zvinyorwa muhuwandu hwekududzira kwete chete mukuita kwezwi, asiwo mukuronga kwezviridzwa zvakasiyana-siyana.
Muna 1835, pana October 9, Paris yakaona kuberekwa kwomunyori ane basa rakakonzera kukakavadzana kukuru. Zita rake ndiCamille Saint-Saens. Vamwe vaidavira kuti akanga achingoridza piyano, achiedza kuburitsa manzwi ane ruzha kubva mairi sezvaaigona. Vamwe, kubatanidza R. Wagner, vakaziva maari tarenda rinoshamisa renyanzvi yokuimba. Vamwewo vakaratidza pfungwa yekuti Saint-Saens yaive yakapusa uye nekudaro yakagadzira mashoma anoshamisa mabasa.
Musi waOctober 10, 1813, tenzi mukuru wemhando ye opera akaonekwa kune nyika, murume ane zita rakabatana nenhamba huru yengano, ngano dzakabatana nezviitiko zvechokwadi, Giuseppe Verdi. Zvinoshamisa kuti jaya rine tarenda harina kukwanisa kupinda muMilan Conservatory nekuda kwekuridza kwake piyano kusina kunaka. Chiitiko ichi hachina kutadzisa munyori kuenderera mberi nedzidzo yake uye akazova zvaari munhoroondo yemimhanzi.
Pana Gumiguru 22, 1911, Franz Liszt akaberekwa - virtuoso pianist, murume uyo hupenyu hwake hwakapedzerwa mubasa renguva dzose: kuumba, kudzidzisa, kuitisa. Kuberekwa kwake kwakaratidzwa nekuonekwa kwecomet pamusoro pedenga reHungary. Akatora chikamu mukuvhurwa kwemaconservatories, akapa simba rakawanda kudzidzo yemimhanzi, uye neshungu dzekumukira. Kuti atore zvidzidzo zvepiyano kubva kuna Liszt, vairidza piyano kubva kunyika dzakasiyana dzeEurope vakauya kwaari. Franz Liszt akaunza pfungwa yekubatanidzwa kwehunyanzvi mubasa rake. Kuvandudzwa kwemunyori kwakawana kushandiswa kwakakura uye kuchiri kushanda nanhasi.
Gumiguru 24, 1882 izuva rekuzvarwa kwatenzi weRussian choral art, munyori uye kondakita Pavel Chesnokov. Akaburuka munhoroondo semumiriri wechikoro chitsva cheMoscow chemimhanzi yechechi. Akagadzira yake yakakosha folk-modal system yakavakirwa pane yakasarudzika manzwi ekuimba cappella. Chesnokov mimhanzi yakasiyana, uye panguva imwechete inowanikwa uye inozivikanwa.
Musi waOctober 25, 1825, "mambo wewaltz", Johann Strauss-mwanakomana, akaberekwa muVienna. Baba vomukomana, munyori akakurumbira, aipesana nebasa romwanakomana wake rokuimba ndokumuendesa kuchikoro chebhizimisi, achida kuti mwanakomana wake ave mubhengi. Zvisinei, Strauss-mwanakomana akapinda muchibvumirano naamai vake uye pachivande akatanga kutora piyano uye violin zvidzidzo. Vadzidza zvose, baba nehasha vakabvisa violin kubva kumuimbi wechidiki. Asi rudo rwemimhanzi rwakava rwakasimba, uye tine mukana wekunakidzwa newaltzes yakakurumbira yemuimbi, iyo inonyanya kufarirwa iyo inonzi "On the Beautiful Blue Danube", "Tales of the Vienna Woods", nezvimwewo.
P. Chesnokov - Munamato wangu ngaugadziriswe ...
Artists vakakunda nyika
Pazuva re1 Gumiguru 1903, mukomana akaberekwa muKyiv, uyo akazova mutambi wepiyano ane mukurumbira wekuAmerica - Vladimir Horowitz. Kuumbwa kwake semuimbi kwakaitika chaizvo munyika yake, pasinei nenguva dzakaoma kumhuri: kurasikirwa kwepfuma, kushaya mari. Sezvineiwo, basa rokuridza piyano muEurope rakatanga nechido chokuziva. MuGermany, uko 1 piyano concerto naPI Tchaikovsky, soloist akarwara. Horowitz, asingazivikanwi kusvika zvino, akapiwa kumutsiva. Kwainge kwasara 2 hours kuti konzati iitwe. Pashure pokunge nziyo dzokupedzisira dzarira, horo yakaombera maoko nokupururudza.
Musi waOctober 12, 1935, munyori wenguva yedu, Luciano Pavarotti, akauya munyika. Kubudirira kwake hakuna kupfuurwa nemumwe muimbi. Akashandura opera arias kuita hunyanzvi. Sezvineiwo, Pavarotti aitove maniacally kutenda mashura. Pane imwe nyaya inozivikanwa zvikuru ine hengechepfu iyo muimbi uyu aive nayo paakatanga kuimba iyo yakaita kuti abudirire. Kubva zuva iroro, muimbi haana kumbobvira atora dariro asina rombo rakanaka iri. Mukuwedzera, muimbi haana kumbopfuura pasi pematanho, aitya zvikuru munyu wakadururwa uye aisakwanisa kumira ruvara rwepepuru.
Pana October 13, 1833, mumwe muimbi akatanhamara nomudzidzisi, muridzi wesoprano yakaisvonaka zvikurusa, Alexandra Alexandrova, akaberekwa muSt. Sezvo akadzidza muGermany, akapa makonti akawanda, achishingaira kuunza vanhu vekuMadokero kune unyanzvi hweRussia. Mushure mokudzokera kuSt. Petersburg, aiwanzotora chikamu mumakonzati eRMS, akaita zvinoyevedza mumitambo yeopera, achiita zvikamu zvakakurumbira: Antonida muIvan Susanin, Margarita muFaust, Norma.
Musi waOctober 17, 1916, makore zana apfuura, mutambi wepiyano mukuru Emil Gilels akaberekwa muOdessa. Maererano nevemazuva ano, tarenda rake rinobvumira Gilels kuti aonekwe pakati peboka renyeredzi revatambi vakanaka, vane maitiro avo anokonzera kuchema kukuru kwevanhu. Kubwinya kumuimbi kwakauya munhu wese asingatarisiri. PaFirst All-Union Competition of Performers, hapana akateerera kune jaya rakasuruvara rakaenda ku piyano. Pakuimba kwekutanga, horo yacho yakaoma. Mushure mekurira kwekupedzisira, protocol yemakwikwi yakatyorwa - munhu wese akaombera: vateereri, jury, uye vakwikwidzi.
Gumiguru 25 anocherekedza makore makumi mapfumbamwe ekuzvarwa kwemuimbi ane mukurumbira wekuRussia weSoviet Galina Vishnevskaya. Kuva mudzimai ane mukurumbira cellist Mstislav Rostropovich, muiti wemifananidzo haana kusiya basa rake uye akapenya pamatanho aitungamirira Opera dzimba munyika kwemakore akawanda. Mushure mekupera kwebasa rake rekuimba Vishnevskaya haana kupinda mumumvuri. Akatanga kuita semutungamiriri wemitambo, akaita mumafirimu, akadzidzisa zvakawanda. Bhuku rememoirs yake inonzi "Galina" yakabudiswa muWashington.
Pana Gumiguru 27, 1782, Niccolò Paganini akaberekwa muGenoa. Aidiwa nevakadzi, hunhu husingapere, aigara achifarira kutariswa kwakawedzerwa. Kuridza kwake kwakakwezva vateereri, vakawanda vakachema pavakanzwa kuimba kwechiridzwa chake. Paganini pachake akabvuma kuti violin yaiva yake zvachose, haana kunyange kuenda kunorara asina kubata mudiwa wake. Zvinofadza, munguva yehupenyu hwake, Paganini anenge asina kubudisa mabasa ake, achitya kuti chakavanzika chekutamba kwake virtuoso chaizobudiswa.
Zvisingakanganwike zvekutanga
Musi wa6 Gumiguru, 1600, chimwe chiitiko chakaitika muFlorence icho chakakurudzira kukudziridzwa kwemhando yeopera. Pazuva rino, chiitiko chekutanga che opera yakasara, Orpheus, yakagadzirwa neItaly Jacopo Peri, yakaitika. Uye musi waOctober 5, 1762, opera "Orpheus uye Eurydice" naK Gluck yakaitwa kekutanga muVienna. Kugadzirwa uku kwakaratidza kutanga kwekuvandudzwa kweopera. Iyo gangaidzo ndeyokuti chirevo chimwe chete chakaiswa pahwaro hwemabasa maviri anotyisa erudzi urwu.
Musi waOctober 17, 1988, London Musical Society yakaona chiitiko chakasiyana-siyana: kushanda kwe10, yaimbozivikanwa, symphony naL. Beethoven. Yakadzoreredzwa naBarry Cooper, muongorori weChirungu, akaunza pamwechete mifananidzo yemunyori uye zvimedu zvezvibodzwa. Vatsoropodzi vanotenda kuti symphony yakagadzirwazve nenzira iyi haigone kuenderana nechinangwa chechokwadi chemunyori mukuru. Zvose zvinyorwa zvepamutemo zvinoratidza kuti munyori ane 9 symphonies chaiyo.
Musi waGumiguru 20, 1887, iyo yekutanga ye opera The Enchantress naPI Tchaikovsky. Munyori akatarisa kuurayiwa kwacho. Munyori pachake akabvuma kushamwari dzake kuti, pasinei nokuombera maoko kwaiita dutu, ainyatsonzwa kuparadzaniswa uye kutonhora kwevanhu. Iyo Enchantress inomira yakaparadzana nemamwe maopera emunyori uye haisati yawana kucherechedzwa semamwe maitiro.
Musi wa29 Gumiguru, 1787, opera yaDon Giovanni yakaitwa naWolfgang Amadeus Mozart yakatanga kuratidzwa paPrague National Theatre. Muimbi pachake akatsanangura rudzi rwayo semutambo unofadza. Vakararama panguva yemunyori vanoti basa rekuita opera rakaitika munzvimbo yakasununguka, inofara, ichiperekedzwa nevasina mhosva (uye kwete) pranks yemunyori, zvichibatsira kudzikisira mamiriro ezvinhu kana kugadzira mamiriro akanaka pachikuva.
G. Caccini – Ave Maria
Munyori - Victoria Denisova
