Matanho makuru eiyo modhi: tonic, subdominant uye inotonga

Pane matanho matatu akakosha pachiyero chikuru kana chidiki - chekutanga, chechina nechishanu. Aya matanho anoonekwa seakanyanya, uye anotodanwa nenzira yakakosha: yekutanga inonzi tonic, yechina ndiyo inotonga, uye yechishanu ndiyo inotonga.

Muhukuru, matanho aya akapfupikiswa nemavara makuru T, S uye D. Mudiki, akanyorwa nemavara mamwechete, madiki chete, madiki: t, s uye d.

Semuenzaniso, mukiyi yeC huru, matanho makuru akadaro achange ari manzwi DO (tonic), FA (subdominant) uye SALT (inotonga). Mukiyi yeD diki, iyo tonic irwo ruzha RE, iyo inomiririra inonzwika S, uye inotungamira iruzha LA.

BASA ROKUITA: tarisa matanho makuru mumakiyi eA hombe, B-flat hombe, E diki, F madiki. Usakanganwa kuti kiyi imwe neimwe ine zviratidzo zvayo zvakakosha - zvinopinza uye flats, uye zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa kana iwe uchitaura izwi rinoenderana nedhigirii yaunoda.

Sei matanho aya achinzi ndiwo makuru?

Manzwi mutsinhirano akakamurwa, sokunge zvakadaro, kuva mapoka matatu, kana kuti, kutaura neimwe nzira, anokamurwa kuva mapoka matatu. Chikwata chega chega chezvinonzwika chinoita basa rayo rakanyatsotsanangurwa, ndiko kuti, basa mukusimudzira basa remimhanzi.

Tonic, subdominant uye inotonga "vatungamiriri" kana "vakuru" vezvikwata zvitatu izvi. Tinogona kuona zviri nyore nhengo dzese dzeboka rega rega kana tikavaka matatu panhanho huru imwe neimwe - yekutanga, yechina kana yechishanu.

Kana, semuenzaniso, tichivaka zvitatu zvatinoda muC huru, tichawana zvinotevera: katatu kubva kune tonic - DO, MI, SOL; vatatu kubva kune subdominant - FA, LA, DO; matatu kubva kune anotonga - SOL, SI, RE. Zvino ngationei kuti ndeapi matanho akaiswa mune chimwe nechimwe chezvikwata.

Saka, "timu" ye tonic kana, kunyanya, boka re tonic rinosanganisira matanho ekutanga, echitatu uye echishanu. Iwe unogona kuyeuka kuti matanho aya anonziwo nhanho dzakasimba uye pamwe chete vanogadzira tonic triad.

Muboka revadiki kana muboka rechikwata maive nematanho akadai: echina, yechitanhatu nekutanga. Iyi katatu ichanzi subdominant. Nenzira, iwe unogona kunge wakacherechedza kuti danho rekutanga rinosanganiswa mumapoka maviri panguva imwe chete - mu tonic (ndiye mutungamiri ipapo) uye mune imwe pasi. Izvi hazvifaniri kushamisa, chete nhanho iyi ndeye bifunctional (huviri), ndiko kuti, inogona kuchinjana kutamba rimwe basa kana rimwe, zvichienderana nenharaunda yairi.

Tichabatanidza nhanho yechishanu, yechinomwe neyechipiri muboka rine simba. Utatu hwemurairo uyu unonziwo dominant triad. Uye inewo nhanho ine bifunctional - yechishanu, ndiko kuti, iyo inotonga pachayo, iyo inogona kushanda muboka rayo uye kubatsira tonic, zvichienderana nezvinonyorerwa nemunyori.

Iwo matatu ari pamatanho makuru atakavaka anonzi matriads makuru emodhi. Vane manzwi ese ematoni. Uye chimwe chinhu chinonakidza kwavari ndechekuti mumakiyi makuru matatu matatu makuru, ndiko kuti, makuru; mumakiyi madiki madiki, kureva madiki. Nokudaro, matriads makuru haasi kungotarisa masimba makuru e tonality mukati mavo, asiwo anonyatsoratidza maitiro ayo - makuru kana maduku.

Ndeapi mabasa anoitwa nemapoka aya nematanho?

Tonic inoita basa rekugadzikana, runyararo. Tonic triad manzwi akakodzera kupedzisa rwiyo kana chidimbu chechimwe chiridzwa. Iri ibasa rinokosha zvikuru, nokuti pasina iro hatingatongonzwisisi kuti basa rakanga rapera, uye mugumo wakanga wasvika, tingadai takagara zvikuru muhoro yekonzati, tichimirira kupfuurira. Mukuwedzera, iyo tonic inogara ichibvisa kushushikana kunobva kune mamwe mabasa.

Kune ari pasi pesimba inogona kunzi injini yekusimudzira nziyo. Kushandiswa kwaro nguva dzose kunobatanidzwa nekufamba, nekubva kune tonic. Kazhinji, shanduko kune mamwe makiyi, ndiko kuti, modulations, inoitwa kuburikidza neiyo subdominant. Kufamba uchitevedza kurira kweiyo subdominant kunowedzera kushushikana.

Yakakura - simba rinopesana neriri pasi. Iye zvakare anofambisa zvikuru, asi kunetsana kwake kwakakura kudarika ari pasi, anowedzera mamiriro ezvinhu zvekuti nekukurumidza "kutsvaga nzira yekubuda", sarudzo yekukurumidzira inodikanwa. Nokudaro, kana iyo inozviisa pasi ichititungamirira kubva kune tonic nguva dzose, saka iyo inotonga, pane zvinopesana, inotungamirira kwairi.

Mamwe matanho anonzi chii?

Mamwe matanho ose, asina hukama kune makuru, anonzi wechipiri. Idzi inzwi rechipiri, rechitatu, rechitanhatu uye rechinomwe pachiyero. Uye hongu, ivo vanewo mazita avo anokosha.

Ngatitange nematanho ari padyo ne tonic. Iri ndiro rechinomwe nerechipiri. Vakadanwa matanho ekusuma. Ichokwadi ndechokuti ivo havana kugadzikana, uye vanokweverwa zvikuru kune tonic, sekutonga, vanogadziriswa mukati mayo uye naizvozvo, sezviri, vanotizivisa kune inonyanya kukosha inzwi re tonality, kushanda semhando ye conductor. Nhanho yechinomwe inonzi yakaderera mutsindo wekusuma, uye wechipiri - wepamusoro sumo.

Nhanho yechitatu neyechitanhatu inonzi varevereri. Kubva muchiLatin izwi rokuti "media" rinoshandurwa se "pakati". Matanho aya ndiwo chinongedzo chepakati, nzvimbo yepakati munzira kubva kune tonic kuenda kune inotonga kana kune iyo subdominant. Danho rechitatu rinonzi murevereri wepamusoro (rinotaridzwa saM), uye rechitanhatu rinonzi murevereri wepasi kana murevereri (chipfupikiso charo ndiSm).

Kuziva nhanho huru nemabasa adzo, pamwe nepfungwa yekuti nhanho dzeparutivi dzinonzwika sei, zvinobatsira zvakanyanya kufamba kiyi - kunzwa machuru akavakwa, mapindiro mairi, nekukurumidza sarudza kuperekedza, kuvaka nemazvo zvirevo uye simba. panguva yekuita.

Pakupedzisira, ndinoda zvakare kukwevera pfungwa dzako kune chokwadi chokuti matanho makuru uye matanho akagadzikana zvinhu zvakasiyana. Matanho makuru ndeekutanga, rechina, rechishanu, uye akatsiga ndiwo ekutanga, echitatu nechishanu. Edza kusavhiringidza ivo!

Vhidhiyo: kuti matanho makuru anonzwika sei mumakiyi eC makuru uye A madiki