Yuri Mazurok (Yuri Mazurok) |

Yuri Mazurok

Akaberekwa July 18, 1931 muguta Krasnik, Lublin Voivodeship (Poland). Mwanakomana - Mazurok Yuri Yuryevich (akaberekwa muna 1965), piano.

Uduku hwemuimbi wemangwana hwakapfuura muUkraine, iyo yave yakakurumbira nokuda kwemanzwi ayo akanaka. Yuri akatanga kuimba, sezvaimbwa nevakawanda, pasina kufunga nezvebasa remuimbi. Ndapedza chikoro chesekondari, akapinda Lviv Polytechnic Institute.

Mumakore ake emudzidzi, Yuri akatanga kufarira zvemitambo yemitambo - uye kwete semuoni chete, asiwo semutambi wemamate, uko kwakatanga kuratidzwa kugona kwake kwezwi. Nenguva isipi Mazurok akave akazivikanwa "mutungamiri" weiyo Institute's opera studio, mune maitiro aakaita zvikamu zveEugene Onegin uye Germont.

Kwete chete vadzidzisi veamateur studio vaiteerera tarenda rejaya. Akadzokorora akanzwa mazano ekudzidzira kuita mazwi kubva kune vakawanda uye, kunyanya, kubva kune munhu ane chiremera zvikuru muguta, soloist weLviv Opera House, People's Artist of USSR P. Karmalyuk. Yuri akazengurira kwenguva refu, nokuti akanga atoratidza kuti ari injiniya petroleum (muna 1955 akapedza kudzidza kubva kuchikoro uye akapinda chikoro chechikoro). Nyaya yakatonga nyaya yacho. Muna 1960, paaiva parwendo rwebhizimisi muMoscow, Mazurok akaisa pangozi "kuedza rombo rake": akauya kuongororo panzvimbo yekuchengetedza. Asi yakanga isiri tsaona chete: akaunzwa kunzvimbo yekuchengetedza nekuda kwehunyanzvi, mimhanzi, kuimba ...

Kubva pamatanho ekutanga ehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, Yuri Mazurok aive nerombo rakanaka nemudzidzisi wake. Purofesa SI Migai, munguva yakapfuura mumwe wevakakurumbira baritones, uyo akaita nezvinovhenekera zveRussia opera stage - F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov, A. Nezhdanova - kutanga kuMariinsky, uye kwemakore akawanda - kuBolshoi. Theater. Munhu anoshingaira, ane hanya, anofara zvikuru, Sergei Ivanovich akanga asina tsitsi mukutonga kwake, asi kana akawana matarenda echokwadi, akavabata nehanya isingawanzoiti uye nehanya. Pashure pokuteerera Yuri, akati: “Ndinofunga kuti muri injiniya akanaka. Asi ini ndinofunga kuti unogona kusiya chemistry nemafuta panguva iripo. Tora mazwi." Kubva pazuva iro zvichienda mberi, pfungwa yeSI Blinking yakaronga nzira yaYuri Mazurok.

SI Migai akaenda naye kukirasi yake, achiziva maari mutsivi akakodzera kuvaimbi veopera vakanakisisa. Rufu rwakadzivisa Sergei Ivanovich kuunza mudzidzi wake kune dhipuroma, uye vatevedzeri vake vanotevera vaiva - kusvikira pakuguma kwekuchengetedza, Purofesa A. Dolivo, uye muchikoro chechikoro - Purofesa AS Sveshnikov.

Pakutanga, Yuri Mazurok aiva nenguva yakaoma panguva yekugara. Zvechokwadi, akanga akura uye ane ruzivo kupfuura vamwe vaaidzidza navo, asi neunyanzvi zvishoma kugadzirira: akanga asina ruzivo rwemimhanzi, nheyo yedzidziso yakawanikwa, sevamwe, pachikoro chemimhanzi, pakoreji.

Zvisikwa zvakapihwa Yu. Mazurok ane baritone ine runako rwakasiyana rwetimbre, hukuru hukuru, kunyange mune zvese zvinyorwa. Zviitwa mumitambo yeamateur opera zvakamubatsira kuwana pfungwa yechikuva, kubatanidza hunyanzvi hwekuita, uye pfungwa yekusangana nevateereri. Asi chikoro chaakapinda nacho mumakirasi ekuchengetedza, maitiro ake kune basa remuimbi we opera, kungwarira, basa rinorwadza, kunyatsozadzikiswa kwezvose zvinodiwa nevadzidzisi vakaronga nzira yake yekuvandudza, kukunda hurefu hwakaoma hwehunyanzvi.

Uye pano chimiro chakakanganisika - kutsungirira, kushingaira uye, chinonyanya kukosha, rudo rwekuda kuimba nemimhanzi.

Hazvishamisi kuti mushure menguva pfupi vakatanga kutaura nezvake sezita idzva rakaonekwa pamhepo yeopera. Mukufamba kwemakore matatu chete, Mazurok akakunda mibairo pamakwikwi e3 akaoma zvikuru: achiri mudzidzi, paPrague Spring muna 3 - yechipiri; gore rakatevera (atova postgraduate "chinzvimbo") pamakwikwi akatumidzwa zita raGeorge Enescu muBucharest - wechitatu uye, pakupedzisira, pamakwikwi eII All-Union anonzi MI Glinka muna 1960, akagovera nzvimbo yechipiri naV. Atlantov. uye M. Reshetin. Maonero evadzidzisi, vatsoropodzi vemimhanzi, uye nhengo dzejury aive, sekutonga, zvakafanana: kupfava uye hupfumi hwetimbre, elasticity uye runako rusina kujairika rwezwi rake - lyrical baritone, an innate cantilena - zvakanyanya kucherechedzwa.

Mumakore ekuchengetedza, muimbi akagadzirisa akati wandei mabasa akaomarara. Magamba ake aive akangwara, akangwara Figaro muRossini's The Barber yeSeville uye mudiwa ane shungu Ferdinando (Prokofiev's Duenna), murombo muimbi Marcel (Puccini's La bohème) uye Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin - kutanga kweiyo artic biography yaYuri Mazurok.

"Eugene Onegin" akaita basa rinoshamisa muupenyu hwemuimbi uye kuumbwa kweunhu hwake hwekusika. Kekutanga akaonekwa pachikuva muchikamu chemusoro cheiyi opera mune yemitambo yemamateur; ipapo akazviita muConservatory Studio uye, pakupedzisira, padanho reBolshoi Theatre (Mazurok yakagamuchirwa muboka revadzidzi muna 1963). Ichi chikamu chakabva chaitwa zvinobudirira naye pamatanho edzimba dzeopera dzepasirese - muLondon, Milan, Toulouse, New York, Tokyo, Paris, Warsaw ... mumhanzi, zvinorehwa nemutsara wega wega, chikamu chimwe nechimwe.

Uye imwe yakasiyana zvachose Onegin paMazurok - mukuita kweBolshoi Theater. Pano nyanzvi inosarudza mufananidzo nenzira yakasiyana, inosvika pakudzika kwepfungwa isingawanzoitiki, ichiunza mutambo wekusurukirwa unoparadza unhu hwevanhu. Onegin Yake munhu wepanyika, prosaic, ane hunhu hunoshanduka uye hunopesana. Mazurok anoburitsa kuomarara kwese kwekurovera pamweya kwegamba rake zvine mutsindo nenzira kwayo uye zvinoshamisa chokwadi, hapana kwainowira mumelodramatism uye nzira dzenhema.

Kutevera basa reOnegin, muiti wacho akapasa imwe bvunzo yakakomba uye ine mutoro paBolshoi Theatre, achitamba chinzvimbo chaPrince Andrei muProkofiev's War and Peace. Pamusoro pekuomarara kwechibodzwa chose chose, kuoma kwekuita, uko kune vakawanda vatambi vanoita uye nekudaro hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana nevadyidzani hunodiwa, mufananidzo uyu pachawo wakaoma zvakanyanya mumimhanzi, mazwi uye nhanho. . Kujeka kwekuita pamuviri kwemutambi, kusununguka kwekusununguka kwezwi, hupfumi hwemavara ezwi uye pfungwa isingashanduki yechitambo yakabatsira muimbi kutora mufananidzo wehupenyu hwepfungwa hwegamba raTolstoy naProkofiev.

Y. Mazurok akaita basa raAndrei Bolkonsky mumutambo wekutanga weHondo neRunyararo pakushanya kweBolshoi Theatre muItaly. Vakawanda vezvekune dzimwe nyika vakakoshesa unyanzvi hwake uye vakamupa, pamwe chete nemuiti wechikamu cheNatasha Rostova - Tamara Milashkina, nzvimbo inotungamirira.

Imwe ye "korona" mabasa emuimbi aive mufananidzo waFigaro mu "The Barber of Seville" naRossini. Basa iri rakaitwa naye zviri nyore, zvine hungwaru, nekupenya uye nenyasha. Iyo yakakurumbira cavatina yeFigaro yakanzwika incendiary mukuita kwake. Asi kusiyana nevaimbi vazhinji, avo vanowanzo shandura kuita nhamba inonzwika chete inoratidza hunyanzvi hwekuita, Mazurok's cavatina akaburitsa hunhu hwegamba - hunhu hwake hwekushinga, kutsunga, masimba akapinza ekuona uye kuseka.

Kugadzira mhando yeYu.A. Iyo mazurok yakakura kwazvo. Mumakore ekushanda muboka reBolshoi Theatre, Yuri Antonovich akaita zvinenge zvikamu zvose zvebaritone (zvose zviri zviviri uye zvinoshamisa!) zvaive mumitambo yemitambo. Mazhinji acho anoshanda semuenzaniso wehunyanzvi hwekuita uye anogona kuverengerwa kune zvakanakisa kubudirira kweiyo nyika opera chikoro.

Mukuwedzera kumitambo yakataurwa pamusoro apa, ma heroes ake aiva Yeletsky muTchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades, nerudo rwake rukuru; Germont muVerdi's La Traviata mutongi anokudzwa, uyo, zvisinei, kukudzwa uye mukurumbira wemhuri uri pamusoro pezvimwe zvese; vanozvikudza, vanozvikudza Count di Luna muVerdi's Il trovatore; akasindimara sloth Demetrius, uyo anozviwana ari mumarudzi ose emamiriro ezvinhu e comedic ("A Midsummer Night's Dream" naBritten); mukuda nenyika yake uye nekutaura zvinonakidza pamusoro pemiedzo yechishamiso chechisikigo muVenice, muenzi weVedenets muRimsky-Korsakov's Sadko; the Marquis di Posa - anozvikudza, ane ushingi mukuru weSpain, asingatyi kupa hupenyu hwake nokuda kwekururamisira, nokuda kwekusununguka kwevanhu ("Don Carlos" naVerdi) uye antipode yake - mukuru wemapurisa Scarpia ("Tosca" naPuccini); murwi wenzombe anoyevedza Escamillo (Carmen naBizet) nomufambisi wengarava Ilyusha, mukomana ari nyore akaita chimurenga (October naMuradeli); vechidiki, vasina hanya, vasingatyi Tsarev (Prokofiev's Semyon Kotko) uye dhuma mabharani Shchelkalov (Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov). Rondedzero yemabasa Yu.A. Mazurok akaenderera mberi naAlbert ("Werther" Massenet), Valentin ("Faust" naGounod), Guglielmo ("Vose Vakadzi Vanozviita" naMozart), Renato ("Un ballo in maschera" naVerdi), Silvio ("Pagliacci" ” by Leoncavallo), Mazepa (“ Mazepa by Tchaikovsky), Rigoletto (Verdi's Rigoletto), Enrico Aston (Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor), Amonasro (Verdi's Aida).

Rimwe nerimwe remapato aya, kusanganisira kunyange mapfupi episodic episodic, inomisikidzwa neyakakwana yehunyanzvi kuzara kweiyo pfungwa, kufunga uye kukwenenzvera kwega kwega sitiroko, ruzivo rwese, runofadza nesimba remanzwiro, kuzara kwekuuraya. Muimbi haambokamura chikamu che opera kuita nhamba dzakasiyana, arias, ensembles, asi anowana kureba kubva pakutanga kusvika kumagumo emutsara kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwechifananidzo, nekudaro zvichibatsira kugadzira pfungwa yekuvimbika, inonzwisisika kuzara kwemufananidzo we. gamba, kudiwa kwezviito zvake zvese, zviito, angave ari gamba rekuita kweopera kana pfupi pfupi yezwi.

Hunyanzvi hwake hwepamusoro-soro, kuraira kwakajeka kwezwi kubva pamatanho ekutanga pachikuva kwakafarirwa kwete chete nevanoyemura opera art, asiwo nevamwe vaimbi. Irina Konstantinovna Arkhipovna akambonyora kuti: “Ndagara ndichifunga kuti Y. Mazurok semuimbi ane hunyanzvi, zvaanoita zvinova chishongo chemutambo chero upi zvawo, padanho ripi neripi reopera rine mukurumbira munyika. Wake Onegin, Yeletsky, Prince Andrei, muenzi weVedenets, Germont, Figaro, di Posa, Demetrius, Tsarev nemimwe mifananidzo yakawanda inoratidzirwa nehukuru hwemukati wekuita hukasha, uhwo kunze hunoratidza pachako kuzvidzora, izvo zvakasikwa kwaari, kubva yakazara yakaoma yemanzwiro, pfungwa uye muimbi anoratidza zviito zvemagamba ake nenzira yezwi. Muinzwi remuimbi, elastic setambo, mune ruzha rwakanaka, muchimiro chake chese panotova nerukudzo, rukudzo uye humwe hunhu hwemagamba ake eopera - kuverenga, machinda, mauto. Izvi zvinotsanangura unhu hwake hwekusika. "

Kugadzira chiitiko cheYu.A. Mazurok haana kuganhurirwa kushanda paBolshoi Theatre. Akaita mumitambo yedzimwe opera dzimba dzenyika, akatora chikamu mune zvigadzirwa zvemakambani ekunze eOpera. Muna 1975, muimbi akaita basa raRenato muVerdi's Un ballo mu maschera paCovent Garden. Mumwaka we 1978/1979, akaita debut yake paMetropolitan Opera saGermont, kwaakaitawo chikamu cheScarpia muPuccini's Tosca muna 1993. Scarpia Mazuroka inosiyana nenzira dzakawanda kubva pakududzirwa kwechifananidzo ichi: kazhinji, the vatambi vanosimbisa kuti mukuru wemapurisa mudzvinyiriri asina mweya, akasindimara, mudzvinyiriri. Yu.A. Mazurok, iyewo akachenjera, uye ane simba guru, iro rinomubvumira kuvanza chido, kunyengera pasi pechifukidzo chekubereka kwakanaka, kudzvinyirira manzwiro nechikonzero.

Yuri Mazurok akatenderera nyika uye kunze kwenyika nemakonzati ega akawanda uye nekubudirira. Muimbi wakawedzera mukamuri repertoire inosanganisira nziyo uye dzerudo nevanyori veRussia neWestern Europe - Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninov, Rimsky-Korsakov, Schubert, Schumann, Grieg, Mahler, Ravel, nziyo dzenziyo uye dzerudo naShaporin, Khrennikov, Kabalevsky, nziyo dzechiUkraine. Nhamba yega yega yechirongwa chake chiitiko chakakwana, sketch, mufananidzo, nyika, hunhu, mafungiro egamba. “Anoimba zvinoshamisa … mumitambo yeopera uye mumakonzati, apo chipo chisingawanike chinomubatsira: manzwiro ekuita. Kana akaimba Monteverdi kana Mascagni, saka mimhanzi iyi ichagara iri yekuItaly muMazurok… MuTchaikovsky neRachmaninov muchagara musinganzvengeki uye nepamusoro-soro "musimboti weRussia" ... muna Schubert naSchumann zvese zvichange zvichitemerwa nekunyanya kudanana ... kwakadai kwehunyanzvi intuition. inoratidza huchenjeri hwechokwadi uye njere dzemuimbi "(IK Arkhipov).

Manzwiro echimiro, kunzwisiswa kusinganzwisisike kwemhando yekunyora kwemimhanzi yemumwe kana mumwe munyori - hunhu uhwu hwakaratidzwa mubasa raYuri Mazurok kare pakutanga kwebasa rake rekuvhiya. Uchapupu hwakajeka hweizvi ndiko kukunda pamakwikwi enyika dzakawanda muMontreal muna 1967. Makwikwi eMontreal akanga akaoma zvikuru: purogiramu yaisanganisira mabasa kubva kuzvikoro zvakasiyana-siyana - kubva kuBach kusvika kuHindemith. Kurongeka kwakaomesesa nemunyori wekuCanada Harry Sommers "Cayas" (yakashandurwa kubva kuIndia - "Kare Kare"), zvichibva panziyo dzechokwadi uye zvinyorwa zvevaIndia vekuCanada, yakakurudzirwa sechinhu chinosungirwa kune vese vanokwikwidza. Mazurok akabva agadzirisa zvine hungwaru nekunetsekana kwekutaura uye kuoma kwemazwi, izvo zvakamuwanira zita rinokudzwa uye rekuseka "Canadian Indian" kubva kuruzhinji. Akazivikanwa nedare redzimhosva semukwikwidzi akanakisa we37 anomiririra nyika gumi nenomwe dzepasirese.

Yu.A. Mazurok - People's Artist yeUSSR (1976) uye RSFSR (1972), Anoremekedzwa Artist weRSFSR (1968). Akapiwa maOrder maviri eRed Banner of Labor. Muna 1996, akapiwa "Firebird" - mubayiro wepamusoro weInternational Union of Musical Figures.