Krystian Zimerman |

Kristian Zimerman

Kukurumidza kwehunyanzvi hwekusimuka kwemuimbi wePoland kunoratidzika kunge kusingadaviriki: mukati memazuva mashoma eIX Chopin Makwikwi muWarsaw, mudzidzi ane makore 18 okukura weKatowice Academy of Music akaenda kure nekusajeka kweakajairika. muimbi kune mbiri yemuhwindi wechidiki pamakwikwi makuru enguva yedu. Isu tinowedzera kuti haana kungova mukwikwidzi wechidiki munhoroondo yemakwikwi, asi akahwina mibairo yese yekuwedzera - yekuita mazurkas, polonaises, sonatas. Uye zvinonyanya kukosha, akazova chidhori chechokwadi chevanhu vose uye aidiwa nevatsoropodzi, avo panguva ino vakaratidza kubvumirana kusina kupesana nechisarudzo chejeri. Mienzaniso mishomanana inogona kutaurwa nezvechido chikuru uye kufara kwakakonzerwa nemutambo wemukundi - mumwe anoyeuka, zvichida, kukunda kwaVan Cliburn muMoscow. "Iyi pasina mubvunzo ndeimwe yeramangwana hofori yepianoforte - chimwe chinhu chisingawanikwe nhasi pamakwikwi uye kunze kwavo," akanyora mutsoropodzi wechiRungu B. Morrison, aivepo pamakwikwi ...

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Ikozvino, zvisinei, kana tikafuratira mamiriro enguva dzose emakwikwi emufaro aivepo panguva iyoyo muWarsaw, zvese izvi zvinoita kunge zvisingatarisirwi. Uye kuratidzwa kwekutanga kwechipo chemukomana, akaberekerwa mumhuri yemimhanzi (baba vake, mutambi wepiyano anozivikanwa muKatowice, iye pachake akatanga kudzidzisa mwanakomana wake kuridza piyano kubva pazera remakore mashanu), uye kukurumidza kwake. kubudirira pasi pekutungamirirwa kwemurairidzi wega uye wechigarire Andrzej Jasiński kubva pazera remakore manomwe, muimbi ane tarenda, akaburitswa muna 1960 semukundi wemakwikwi akatumidzwa zita reM. Canalier muBarcelona, ​​​​asi akakurumidza kusiya basa rakakura rekonzati. Pakupedzisira, panguva yemakwikwi eWarsaw, muKristu akanga ava neruzivo rwakakura (akatanga kutamba pazera remakore masere ndokuzoridza paterevhizheni kekutanga), uye akanga asiri mudzidzi mumakwikwi: makore maviri zvisati zvaitika. kuti, akanga atogamuchira mubairo wokutanga pamakwikwi muHradec-Králové (iyo vakawanda vevateereri vakanga vasingazivi, nokuti chiremera chemakwikwi aya chine mwero zvikuru). Saka, zvinhu zvose zvaiita sokuti zvinonzwisisika. Uye, vachirangarira zvese izvi, vazhinji vanokahadzika mushure mekunge makwikwi adzikisa inzwi ravo, vakatanga zvinonzwika, pamapeji epepanhau, kuratidza kusava nechokwadi kana mukunda wechidiki aizokwanisa kuenderera mberi nerunyoro runonakidza rwevakamutangira, avo pasina kunze. vakava vanyori vane mukurumbira pasi rose. Mushure mezvose, aifanira kudzidza uye kudzidza zvakare ...

Asi pano chinhu chinoshamisa zvikuru chakaitika. Makonzati ekutanga emashure emakwikwi uye zvinyorwa naTsimerman zvakabva zvaratidza kuti akanga asiri muimbi wechidiki ane tarenda, asi pazera remakore 18 akanga atova muenzi akakura, akanyatsogadzirwa. Kwete kuti akanga asina utera kana kuti akanga atonzwisisa uchenjeri hwose hwounyanzvi hwake nounyanzvi; asi ainyatsoziva nezvemabasa ake - ekutanga ne "kure", akaagadzirisa nechivimbo uye nemaune, zvekuti akakurumidza kunyaradza vaipokana. Zvisingachinji uye asinganeti, akazadza repertoire nemabasa echinyakare uye mabasa nevanyori vezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, nekukasika achiramba kutya kuti acharamba ari "Chopin nyanzvi" ...

Asingasviki makore mashanu gare gare, Zimerman akakwezva vateereri chaizvoizvo muEurope, America, uye Japan. Imwe neimwe yemakonzati ake kumba nekune dzimwe nyika inoshanduka kuita chiitiko, zvichikonzera kuita kwakasimba kubva kune vateereri. Uye kuita uku hakusi kwese echo yekukunda kweWarsaw, asi, pane zvinopesana, humbowo hwekukunda kungwara kunoenderana nekutarisira kwakanyanya. Paiva nehanya yakadaro. Somuenzaniso, pashure pokunge atanga kuLondon (1977), D. Methuen-Campbell akati: “Chokwadi, ane bviro yokuva mumwe wavaimbi vepiyano vakurusa vomuzana rino ramakore—hapana panikiro pamusoro paikoko; asi kuti achakwanisa sei kuzadzisa chinangwa chakadaro - tichaona; munhu anofanirwa kungotarisira kuti ane dhigirii rakanaka rekunzwisisa uye vanopa mazano vane ruzivo ... "

Hazvina kutora nguva kuti Zimerman azviratidze kuti akarurama. Nokukurumidza, mutsoropodzi anosanozivikanwa wechiFrench Jacques Longchamp akati mupepanhau Le Monde: “Vanyanyisi vepiyano nameso anopisa vakanga vakamirira kunzwa, uye vakakuwana. Hazvigoneke kutamba Chopin zvakanyanya hunyanzvi uye zvakanakisa kupfuura iyi inoyevedza yechidiki blond ine maziso edenga redenga. Hunyanzvi hwake hwekuridza piyano hwakadzama husingakanganisike - iyo yakavanzika yekunzwika, kujeka kwepolyphony, kupaza mukati mehuwandu hwese hwezvakavanzika, uye pakupedzisira, kupenya, nzira, hunhu hwekuridza mimhanzi - zvese izvi zvinongoshamisa kune makore makumi maviri nemaviri. -mudhara…… Vepanhau vakanyora nezve muimbi mumatoni akafanana Germany, USA, England, Japan. Mapepanhau emimhanzi akakomba anotangira kuongororwa kwemakonzati ake nemisoro yenyaya iyo pachayo inofanosarudzira mhedziso dzevanyori: "Kupfuura mutambi wepiyano", "Pianistic genius yezana ramakore", "Phenomenal Zimerman", "Chopin sechimiro". Haana kungoiswa pachiyero nevatenzi vakadai vechizvarwa chepakati saPollini, Argerich, Olsson, asi vanofunga kuti zvinokwanisika kuenzanisa nehofori - Rubinstein, Horowitz, Hoffmann.

Hazvina maturo kutaura, mukurumbira waZimerman munyika yekwake wakapfuura kupfuura chero ipi zvayo yemazuva ano muimbi wePolish. Chiitiko chakasiyana: paakapedza kudzidza kubva kuAcademy of Music muKatowice mukupera kwa1978, makonti ekupedza kudzidza akaitirwa muhoro hombe yeŚląska Philharmonic. Kwemanheru matatu yakazadzwa kusvika kufashukira nevadi vemimhanzi, uye mapepanhau akawanda nemagazini akaisa ongororo dzemakonzati aya. Rimwe nerimwe basa guru idzva remuimbi rinogamuchira mhinduro mumapepanhau, imwe neimwe yezvinyorwa zvake zvitsva zvinokurukurwa zvine upenyu nenyanzvi.

Sezvineiwo, sezviri pachena, iyi mamiriro ekunamata kwepasi rose nekubudirira haana kutendeutsa musoro wemuimbi. Kusiyana neizvi, kana mumakore maviri kana matatu ekutanga mushure memakwikwi aiita seanobatanidzwa mune chamupupuri chehupenyu hwekonti, ipapo akadzikisa zvakanyanya kuwanda kwemaitiro ake, akaramba achishanda zvakadzama kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwake, achishandisa hushamwari. rubatsiro rwaA. Yasinsky.

Tsimerman haangogumiri kumimhanzi, achiziva kuti muimbi wechokwadi anoda maonero akafara, kugona kutarisa munyika yakamupoteredza, uye kunzwisisa kwehunyanzvi. Mukuwedzera, akadzidza mitauro yakawanda uye, kunyanya, anotaura uye anoverenga zvakanaka muRussia neChirungu. Mushoko, maitiro ekuumbwa kweunhu anoenderera mberi, uye panguva imwecheteyo, hunyanzvi hwake huri kuvandudzwa, huchipfumiswa nezvinhu zvitsva. Dudziro dzinova dzakadzama, dzine zvadzinoreva, hunyanzvi hunokwenenzverwa. Zvinoshamisa kuti munguva pfupi yapfuura "jaya richiri" Zimerman rakashorwa nekuda kwehungwaru hwakanyanya, kuoma kwekuongorora kwedzimwe dudziro; nhasi, manzwiro ake ave akasimba uye akadzama, sezvisingarambiki zvinopupurirwa nekududzirwa kwezvose zviri zviviri concertos uye 14 waltzes naChopin, sonatas naMozart, Brahms naBeethoven, Liszt's Second Concerto, Rachmaninov's First and Third Concertos, yakanyorwa muzvinyorwa zvemakore achangopfuura. . Asi seri kwekukura uku, hunhu hwekare hwaZimerman, hwakamuunzira mukurumbira wakakura kudaro, usapinde mumumvuri: kutsva kwekugadzira mimhanzi, kujeka kwakajeka kwekunyora kwekurira, kuenzana kweruzivo uye pfungwa yekuenzana, kunyengetedza zvine musoro uye chokwadi chepfungwa. Uye kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva achikundikana kudzivisa kuwedzeredza bravura, kunyange kana kufamba kwake dzimwe nguva kuchiita semadutu, zvinova pachena kune vose kuti iyi haisi yakaipa, kwete kutarisa, asi kungofashukira simba rekusika.

Achipfupikisa miuyo yemakore okutanga ebasa rokudhirowa rakazvimirira romuimbi, nyanzvi yemimhanzi yokuPoland Jan Weber akanyora, kuti: “Ndinotevera basa raChristian Zimerman nokungwarira zvikuru, uye ndinowedzera kuororwa nenzira inorairirwa nayo mutambi wedu wepiyano. Itarisiro ngani dzevakahwina mibairo yekutanga, yakagamuchirwa pamakwikwi asingaverengeki, yakapiswa nechinguva chidiki nekuda kwekushandiswa kusingafungi kwetarenda ravo, kushandiswa kwayo pasina zvarinoreva, sekunge muchikamu chehypnotic chekugutsikana! Tarisiro yebudiriro huru inotsigirwa nerombo rakanaka ndiwo musungo unoshandiswa nechero munhu anotsvedza impresario, uye wateya vechidiki vazhinji vasina zivo, vasati vakura. Izvi ndezvechokwadi, kunyange zvazvo nhoroondo inoziva mienzaniso yemabasa akadaro akakura pasina kukuvadza kune vanyori (somuenzaniso, basa rePaderewski). Asi nhoroondo pachayo inopa muenzaniso wakasiyana kubva kumakore ari pedyo nesu - Van Cliburn, uyo akanyura mukubwinya kwemukundi weFirst Tchaikovsky Competition muna 1958, uye makore gumi nemaviri gare gare matongo chete akasara kubva mairi. Makore mashanu echiitiko chepop Tsimerman anopa zvikonzero zvekusimbisa kuti haadi kuenda nenzira iyi. Iwe unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti haazosviki pakuguma kwakadaro, sezvo achiita zvishoma uye chete kwaanoda, asi anomuka zvakarongeka sezvinobvira.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990