Gary Graffman |

Gary Graffman

Mune zvimwe zviratidzo zvekunze, unyanzvi hwepiyano huri pedyo nechikoro cheRussia. Mudzidzisi wake wokutanga aiva Isabella Vengerova, mukirasi yaakapedza kudzidza kuCurtis Institute muna 1946, uye Graffman akavandudza kwemakore mana nemumwe chizvarwa cheRussia, Vladimir Horowitz. Nokudaro, hazvishamisi kuti zvido zvekugadzira zvemuimbi zvinonyanya kutungamirirwa kune mimhanzi yevanyori veRussia, pamwe chete naChopin. Panguva imwe cheteyo, pane zvinhu zviri muchimiro chaGraffman izvo zvisiri zvechikoro cheRussia, asi zvinongoitika zvechimwe chikamu cheAmerican virtuosos - rudzi rwe "kunanga kweAmerica" ​​(sezvakataurwa nemumwe wevatsoropodzi vekuEurope. ), kudzikamisa misiyano, kushaya fungidziro, rusununguko rwekuvandudza, chinhu chakananga kusika pachikuva. Pane dzimwe nguva munhu anowana murangariro wokuti anounza mutongo wavateereri kududzira kwakasimbiswa pachine nguva mberi kusvikira kutambanuko yakadaro pamusha zvokuti hapasisina nzvimbo yokuturidzirwa muhoro.

Zvose izvi, zvechokwadi, ndezvechokwadi, kana tikaswedera kuGraffman nepamusoro-soro, uye muimbi mukuru uyu anofanirwa nenzira yakadaro uye yakadaro chete. Nokuti kunyange mukati megadziriro yemaitiro ake, akawana kwete zvishoma. Muridzi wepiyano anonyatsoziva zvakavanzika zvese zvehunyanzvi hwepiyano: ane hunyanzvi hwekuita zvakanaka, kubata kwakapfava, kufambisa zvakanaka, pane chero tempo anodzora zviwanikwa zvechiridzwa nenzira yakasarudzika, anonzwa maitiro echero nguva uye chero munyori, inokwanisa kutaura zvakasiyana-siyana zvemanzwiro uye mafungiro. Asi zvinonyanya kukosha, nekuda kweizvi, anowana mhedzisiro yakakosha yehunyanzvi mumhando dzakasiyana dzemabasa. Muiti wemifananidzo akaratidza izvi zvose, kunyanya, panguva yerwendo rwake rweU.SR muna 1971. Kubudirira kwakakodzera kwakaunzwa kwaari nekududzirwa kwe "Carnival" yaSchumann uye "Variations on a Theme of Paganini" naBrahms, concertos naChopin. , Brahms, Tchaikovsky.

Achitanga kupa makonzati achiri mudiki, Graffman akaita kutaridzika kwake kwekutanga kuEurope muna 1950 uye kubva ipapo akakwira mukurumbira papiyano horizon. Kunyanya kufarira nguva dzose kuita kwake kwemimhanzi yeRussia. Ane imwe yeasina kujairika akarekodhwa eese matatu eTchaikovsky concertos, akaitwa nePhiladelphia Orchestra inoitiswa naY. Ormandy, uye zvakarekodhwa mazhinji eProkofiev uye Rachmaninoff concertos naD. Sall uye Cleveland Orchestra. Uye nekusachengetedzwa kwese, vanhu vashoma vanogona kuramba izvi zvakarekodhwa kwete chete mukukwana kwehunyanzvi, asiwo muhukuru, musanganiswa wevirtuoso kureruka nerunyoro runyoro. Mukududzirwa kwemakonsati aRachmaninov, kuzvidzora kwaGraffman, chimiro chechimiro, kurira kwemanzwi, izvo zvinomubvumira kuti adzivise manzwiro akawandisa uye kuendesa kune vateereri rwiyo rwemhanzi rwemimhanzi, inonyanya kukodzera.

Pakati pezvakarekodhwa ega zvemuimbi, rekodhi yaChopin inozivikanwa nevatsoropodzi sebudiriro huru. "Kungwarira, chirevo chaGraffman uye tempo yakasarudzwa neunyanzvi yakanaka mavari, kunyangwe hazvo Chopin ichida kushoma monotony mukunzwika uye kutsunga kwakawanda kutora njodzi. Nekudaro, Graffman, mukutonhora kwake, kusinganzwisisike maitiro, dzimwe nguva anowana angangoita mashura epiyano: zvakakwana kuteerera kunoshamisa kunoshamisa kwe "detache" yepakati chikamu cheA-minor Ballad. Sezvatinogona kuona, muaya mashoko omutsoropodzi wokuAmerica X. Goldsmith, kupokanidzana kuri muchitarisiko chaGraffman kunokurukurwazve. Chii chachinja mumakore akatiparadzanisa kubva pamusangano iwoyo nemuimbi? Unyanzvi hwake hwakatanga kuenda kupi, hwakanyanya kukura uye hune revo, hweshungu? Mhinduro isina kunanga kuna ikoku inopiwa nomunzveri wemagazini inonzi Musical America, uyo akamboshanyira konzati yemuimbi paCarnegie Hall: “Ko tenzi muduku anongoerekana akura here paanosvika makore makumi mashanu ezera? Harry Graffman haapindure mubvunzo uyu nekunyengetedza XNUMX%, asi anopa vateereri kutamba kwakadzikama, kufunga uye kuzvivimba kwave kuri chiratidzo chake muhupenyu hwake hwose. Harry Graffman anoenderera mberi ari mumwe wevatambi vedu vanovimbika uye vanokodzera, uye kana hunyanzvi hwake husina kushanduka zvakanyanya mumakore apfuura, pamwe chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti nhanho yake yagara yakakwira.

Pachikumbaridzo chekuzvarwa kwake makumi matanhatu, Graffman akamanikidzwa kuderedza zvakanyanya kuita kwake mabasa nekuda kwekukuvadza kweminwe yeruoko rwake rwerudyi. Nekufamba kwenguva, repertoire yake yakaderedzwa kuita denderedzwa nhete yezvinyorwa zvakanyorwa kuruoko rweruboshwe. Izvi, zvisinei, zvakabvumira muimbi kuti aratidze matarenda ake munzvimbo itsva - mabhuku uye pedagogical. Muna 1980, akatanga kudzidzisa kirasi yehunyanzvi paarima mater, uye gore rakatevera, nhoroondo yehupenyu hwake yakatsikiswa, iyo yakazopfuura nemamwe akati wandei editions. Muna 1986, makore 40 chaiwo apedza kudzidza kubva kuCurtis Institute, Graffman akasarudzwa mutungamiriri wayo weArtistic.

Muna 2004, mutungamiri wenguva refu weimwe yeakanakisa dzidzo masangano munyika, iyo yakadzidzisa galaxy yevaimbi vane mukurumbira, tarenda piano uye munhu anongoyemurika anoshamisa, akapemberera zuva rake rekuzvarwa makumi manomwe neshanu. Pamanheru ekurangarira, vaenzi vanoremekedzwa, vaaishanda navo uye shamwari vakamukorokotedza noushamwari, vachipa rukudzo kumurume akaita mupiro wakakura mukusimudzira kwete chete hupenyu hwetsika hwePhiladelphia, asi nyika yese yemimhanzi. Mune konzati yegala paKimmel Center, gamba rezuva racho rakaita konsati yaRavel kuruoko rworuboshwe uye akatamba nePhiladelphia Orchestra (conductor Rosen Milanov) Tchaikovsky's 75th symphony uye "Blue Cathedral" nePhiladelphia munyori J. Higdon.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.