Halina Czerny-Stefańska |

Halina Czerny-Stefańska

Inopfuura hafu yezana remakore yapfuura kubva pazuva raakauya kuSoviet Union kwekutanga - akauya semumwe wevakakunda 1949 Chopin Competition yakanga ichangopera. Kutanga, sechikamu chenhume yevatenzi vetsika yePoland, uyezve, mwedzi mishoma gare gare, nemakonzati ega. "Hatizive kuti Czerny-Stefanska anoridza sei mimhanzi yevamwe vanyori, asi mukuita kwaChopin, mutambi wepiyano wekuPoland akazviratidza kuva tenzi wefiligree uye muimbi akangwara, ari padyo nenyika inoshamisa yemuimbi mukuru. mifananidzo yakasiyana. Galina Czerny-Stefańska akabudirira zvikuru nevateereri veMoscow. Kusvika kwomuimbi wepiyano wechiduku muSoviet Union kwakatisuma kune muimbi anoshamisa, uyo akazarurwa nzira huru yokudhirowa.” Yakanyora kudaro magazini "Soviet Music" panguva iyoyo. Uye nguva yakasimbisa kufanotaura uku.

Asi vanhu vashomanana vanoziva kuti musangano wekutanga uye usingakanganwiki weCherny-Stefanskaya nevanhu veSoviet wakaitika makore akawanda pamberi pemuMoscow. Zvakaitika panguva iyo zvaiita senge kune muimbi wenguva yemberi kuti chiroto chake chaaida - kuve piano - hachaizoitika. Kubvira achiri muduku, zvinhu zvose zvaiita sezvaimufadza. Kusvikira pazera remakore gumi, baba vake vakatungamirira kurerwa kwake - Stanislav Schwarzenberg-Cherny, purofesa paKrakow Conservatory; muna 1932 akadzidza kwemwedzi inoverengeka muParis naA. Cortot pachake, uye ipapo, muna 1935, akazova mudzidzi wemupiyano ane mukurumbira Y. Turczynski paWarsaw Conservatory. Kunyange zvakadaro, akatamba pamatanho ePoland uye pamberi pemakrofoni ePolish Radio. Asi hondo yakatanga, uye zvirongwa zvose zvakaparara.

… Gore rekukunda rasvika - 1945. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo muimbi pachake akarangarira zuva raNdira 21: "Mauto eSoviet akasunungura Krakow. Mukati memakore ebasa racho, ndaisawanzoswedera pedyo nechiridzwa chacho. Uye manheru iwayo ndaida kutamba. Uye ndakagara pasi papiyano. Pakarepo mumwe munhu akagogodza. Murwi weSoviet nokungwarira, achiedza kusaita ruzha, akaisa pfuti yake pasi uye, achisarudza mashoko ake nechinetso, akatsanangura kuti aida chaizvo kuteerera mimwe mimhanzi. Ndakamutamba manheru ese. Akateerera chaizvo. ”…

Pazuva iroro, muiti akatenda mukumutsiridza hope dzake. Chokwadi, pakanga pachine nzira refu yekufamba isati yaitwa, asi akaimhanyisa nekukurumidza: makirasi achitungamirwa nemurume wake, mudzidzisi L. Stefansky, kukunda mumakwikwi eVadiki vePolish Vaimbi muna 1946, makore ekudzidza mukirasi. ye 3. Drzewiecki paWarsaw Higher School of Music (kutanga padhipatimendi rayo rekugadzirira). Uye pamwe chete - basa remufananidzi pachikoro chemimhanzi, mitambo pamafekitari eKrakow, pachikoro cheballet, kutamba manheru ekutamba. Muna 1947, Czerny Stefańska akaita kekutanga neKrakow Philharmonic Orchestra inotungamirirwa naV. Berdyaev, achitamba Mozart's Concerto muA major. Uye zvakare pakava nekukunda pamakwikwi, izvo zvakaratidza kutanga kwehurongwa hwekonzati, rwendo rwekutanga muSoviet Union.

Kubva ipapo, ushamwari hwake nevateereri veSoviet hwakazvarwa. Anouya kwatiri anenge gore negore, dzimwe nguva kunyange kaviri pagore - kakawanda kupfuura vazhinji vanoita vashanyi vekunze, uye izvi zvinotopupurira rudo rune vateereri veSoviet kwaari. Pamberi pedu pane nzira yose yeunyanzvi yeCherny-Stefanskaya - nzira kubva kune wechidiki wechidiki kune tenzi anozivikanwa. Kana mumakore ekutanga kutsoropodza kwedu kuchiri kunongedzera kune dzimwe zvikanganiso zvemuimbi aive mubishi rekuve (nzira dzakawandisa, kusakwanisa kugona chimiro chikuru), zvino pakupera kwema50s takaziva mukukodzera kwake tenzi mukuru aine. runyoro rwake rwakasiyana, rwakajeka uye rwenhetembo, runoratidzwa nekunzwa kwakadzama, nyasha dzechiPolish uye runako, inokwanisa kuburitsa mithunzi yese yekutaura kwenziyo - kufungisisa kwerwiyo uye kusimba kunoshamisa kwemanzwiro, fungidziro yehuzivi uye simba rehugamba. Zvisinei, kwete chete takaziva. Ndosaka muzivi mukuru wepiyano H.-P. Ranke (Germany) mubhuku rake rinonzi “Pianists Today” akanyora, kuti: “MuParis neRome, muLondon neBerlin, muMoscow neMadrid, zita rake zvino razova zita rakakurumbira.”

Vanhu vazhinji vanosanganisa zita remupiyano wechiPolish nemumhanzi weChopin, kwaanopa zvakanyanya kurudziro yake. "Munyori wechopist asingaenzaniswi, ane chipo chekutaura kunoshamisa, ruzha rwakapfava uye kuravira kwakapfava, akakwanisa kuratidza quintessence chaiyo yemweya wechiPolish nekutamba kutanga, kunaka uye kujekesa chokwadi cheChopin's cantilena," Z. Drzewiecki akanyora nezve yake. mudzidzi anodiwa. Paakabvunzwa kana achizviona seChopinist, Czerny-Stefanska pachake anopindura kuti: "Kwete! Ndizvo chete kuti Chopin ndiyo yakaoma zvikuru yevanyori vepiyano vose, uye kana vanhu vose vachifunga kuti ndiri muChopinist akanaka, saka kwandiri izvi zvinoreva kubvumirwa kwepamusoro. Mvumo yakadaro yakaramba ichiratidzwa nevoruzhinji veSoviet, ichitaura pfungwa iyo, M. Teroganyan akanyora mupepanhau rinonzi “Soviet Culture” kuti: “Munyika yezvenyanzvi dzepiyano, sezvakaita chero humwe unyanzvi, hapagoni kuva nemipimo nemasampuli. Uye ndicho chikonzero pasina munhu achauya nepfungwa yokuti Chopin inofanira kuridzwa chete nenzira iyo G. Cerny-Stefanska anomutamba nayo. Asi hapagoni kuva nemafungiro maviri pamusoro pekuti mutambi wepiyano wePolish ane tarenda asingadi zvisikwa zvemwanakomana akachenjera wekumusha kwake uye nerudo urwu kwaari runofadza vateereri vake vanoonga. Kuti tisimbise pfungwa iyi, ngatitarisei kune chirevo cheimwe nyanzvi, mutsoropodzi I. Kaiser, uyo akabvuma kuti Czerny-Stefanskaya "ane Chopin yake - inopenya, yakawanda, yakazara kupfuura yevakawanda vepiyano yeGermany, yakasununguka uye isina kugadzikana kupfuura Vanoridza piyano vokuAmerica, vakapfava zvikuru uye vane ngwavaira zvikuru kupfuura vaFrench.”

Yakanga iri chiratidzo chechokwadi uye chinogutsa cheChopin chakamuunza mukurumbira wepasirese. Asi kwete izvozvo chete. Vatereri vanobva kunyika dzakawanda vanoziva uye vanokoshesa Cerny-Stefanska mune yakasarudzika repertoire. Dzhevetsky mumwe cheteyo aidavira kuti mumhanzi wevaridzi ve harpsichord veFrance, Rameau naDaken, semuenzaniso, "kuita kwayo kunowana kuburitsa kwemuenzaniso uye kukwezva." Zvinokosha kuziva kuti nguva pfupi yadarika achipemberera kusvitsa kwake makore makumi mashanu ekutanga kuoneka pachikuva, mutambi akatamba neKrakow Philharmonic pamwe neChopin's Concerto muE minor, Frank's Symphonic Variations, Mozart's concertos (A major) naMendelssohn's (G minor), kamwe chete. zvakare kuratidza kugona kwayo kwakasiyana-siyana. Anotamba neunyanzvi Beethoven, Schumann, Mozart, Scarlatti, Grieg. Uye zvechokwadi, hama dzavo. Pakati pemabasa akaitwa naye muMoscow panguva dzakasiyana pane mitambo naSzymanowski, The Great Polonaise naZarembski, The Fantastic Krakowiak naPaderewski nezvimwe zvakawanda. Ndicho chikonzero I. Belza akarurama zvakapetwa kaviri paakamudana kuti "muimbi wepiyano anoshamisa zvikuru wePolish mushure me "queen of sounds" Maria Szymanowska".

Czerny-Stefanska akatora chikamu mumatare emakwikwi akawanda - muLeeds, muMoscow (akatumidzwa zita reTchaikovsky), Long-Thibault, akatumidzwa zita. Chopin muWarsaw.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990