Josef Hofmann |

Joseph Hofmann

Muimbi wepiyano wekuAmerica uye muimbi wekuPoland anobva. Akazvarwa mumhuri yevaimbi: baba vake, Kazimir Hoffman, aiva pianist, amai vake vakaimba muKrakow operetta. Pazera remakore matatu, Joseph akagamuchira zvidzidzo zvake zvekutanga zvemimhanzi kubva kuna baba vake, uye, aratidza tarenda guru, akakurumidza kutanga kuita sepiyano uye kunyange munyori (aivewo nemano akanaka mumasvomhu, makanika uye mamwe masayenzi chaiwo) .

Mushure mekushanya kuEurope, Hoffmann akaita dambarefu rake rekuAmerica musi wa29 Mbudzi 1887 nekonzati paMetropolitan Opera House, kwaakatamba zvine hungwaru Concerto yaBeethoven Yokutanga, uyezve akavandudza madingindira aitaurwa nevateereri, zvichikonzera manzwiro chaiwo pakati peveruzhinji.

Achiyemurwa nehunyanzvi hwemuimbi wechidiki, mumiriri wegirazi weAmerica Alfred Clark akamupa zviuru makumi mashanu zvemadhora, izvo zvakabvumira mhuri kudzokera kuEurope, uko Hoffmann aigona kuenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake murunyararo. Kwenguva yakati, Moritz Moszkowski akanga ari mudzidzisi wake, asi Hoffmann akazova mudzidzi wega wega waAnton Rubinstein (aigara panguva iyoyo muDresden), uyo ane simba guru pamaonero ake ekusika.

Kubva 1894, Hoffmann akatanga zvakare kuita pamberi peruzhinji, asisiri semwana mudiki, asi semuimbi akura. Mushure mekunge aita Rubinstein's Fourth Concerto muHamburg achitungamirirwa nemunyori, wekupedzisira akataura kuti pakanga pasina chimwezve chekumudzidzisa, uye akarega kudzidza naye.

Pakutanga kwezana remakore, Hoffmann akanga ari mumwe wevanyori vepiyano vakakurumbira uye vakatsvakwa munyika: makonti ake akaitwa nekubudirira kukuru muGreat Britain, Russia, USA, South America, kwose kwose neimba yakazara. Pane imwe yenhevedzano yekonzati muSt. Petersburg, akaorora vateereri kupfurikidza nokuridza zvidimbu zvinopfuura mazana maviri namakumi mashanu mumitambo gumi. Muna 1903 na1904, Hoffmann akaimba muSt. Petersburg pamwe chete naKubelik, zvokuti, maererano nenganonyorwa dzaO. Mandelstam, “mupfungwa dzePetersburger panguva iyoyo, vakabatana kuva mufananidzo mumwe. Semapatya, akanga akareba zvakafanana uye aine ruvara rwakafanana. Pasi peavhareji urefu, hupfupi, bvudzi rakasviba kupfuura bapiro regunguo. Vese vaive nehuma dzakaderera uye nemaoko madiki. Ose ari maviri izvozvi anoratidzika kwandiri senge yekutanga yeLilliputian troupe.

Muna 1914, Hoffmann akatamira kuUnited States, kwaakakurumidza kuva mugari uye akaramba achiita. Muna 1924, akabvuma kupiwa kutungamira Curtis Institute of Music yakanga ichangotanga muPhiladelphia, uye akaitungamirira kusvika 1938. Munguva yehutungamiri hwake, sangano racho rakaenda pasi rose, richiva chikoro chakanakisisa chevaimbi vakawanda vane mukurumbira munguva yemberi.

Kuita kwaHoffmann kwakaramba kuchienderera mberi kusvika mukutanga kwema1940, koniti yake yekupedzisira yakaitwa muNew York muna 1946. Mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, Hoffmann akabatikana nechido mukuvandudzwa kwendima yekurekodha ruzha uye makanika: ane gumi nemaviri patents akasiyana-siyana. kuvandudzwa kwepiyano michina, uye zvakare pakugadzirwa kwe "wipers" uye zvitubu zvemhepo zvemotokari uye zvimwe zvishandiso.

Hoffmann anonyatso kutorwa semumwe wevatambi vepiyano vakuru vemuzana ramakore re1887. Hunyanzvi hwekuita, pamwe chete nefungidziro isina kujairika, yakamubvumira kutamba nesimba rekutanga uye nesimba, uye nekuda kwendangariro yake yakanaka, aisakwanisa kunetseka nezve "kudzoreredza" rimwe basa rakamboridzwa pamberi pekonzati inotevera. Repertoire yemuimbi wepiyano yaive yakatetepa: aive akaganhurirwa kunhaka yehafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechi XNUMX - kubva kuBeethoven kuenda kuLiszt, asi anenge asina kumbobvira aita mimhanzi yevaimbi vake venguva iyoyo. Kunyange Sergei Rachmaninov's Third Piano Concerto yakatsaurirwa kuna Hoffmann, ane basa Rachmaninoff pachake akakoshesa zvikuru, zvakanga zvisiri izvo. Hoffmann aive mumwe wevaimbi vekutanga munhoroondo kurekodha kuimba kwake muna XNUMX pagiramufomu, asi akazorekodha kashoma mu studio. Nhamba huru yezvakarekodhwa zvaHoffmann zvakasara kusvika nhasi zvakaitwa pamakonzati.

Hoffmann ndiye munyori wenziyo dzinosvika zana (dzakadhindwa pasi pezita remanyepo Michel Dvorsky), mabhuku maviri ehunyanzvi hwekuridza piyano: "Zano kune Vechidiki Pianists" uye "Piano Kutamba".