Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli (Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli) |

Arturo Benedetti naMichelangelo

Hapana wevaimbi vane mukurumbira wezana ramakore rechiXNUMX aive nengano dzakawanda kudaro, nyaya dzakawanda dzinoshamisa dzakataurwa. Michelangeli akagamuchira mazita ekuti "Man of Mystery", "Tangle of Secrets", "The Most Incomprehensible Artist of Our Time".

"Bendetti Michelangeli mutambi wepiyano ane mukurumbira wezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, mumwe wenhamba huru pasi rose mune zvemitambo," anonyora A. Merkulov. - Kupenya kwakajeka kwekuita kwemuimbi kunotemerwa nekusanganiswa kwakasiyana kweakasiyana, dzimwe nguva anoratidzika seakasarudzika: kune rumwe rutivi, kunoshamisa kupinza uye manzwiro ekutaura, kune rumwe rutivi, isingawanzo huchenjeri huzere hwepfungwa. Uyezve, chimwe nechimwe cheuhu hunhu hwakakosha, mukati mechikamu-chakawanda, chinounzwa muhunyanzvi hwemupiyano weItaly kune madhigirii matsva ekuratidzwa. Nokudaro, miganhu yenharaunda yemanzwiro mumutambo weBenedetti inotangira pakuvhurika kunopisa, kuboora kutya uye kumanikidzika kusvika pakunatsa kunoshamisa, kunatsiridza, kuoma, kuoma. Hungwaru hunoratidzwawo mukugadzira pfungwa dzakadzama dzekuita kwehuzivi, uye mukurongeka kunonzwisisika kwekududzira, uye mune imwe dhipatimendi, kutonhora kufungisisa kwehuwandu hwekududzira kwake, uye mukuderedza chinhu chekuvandudza mukutamba pachikuva.

• Mumhanzi wepiano muchitoro cheOzon online →

Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli akaberekwa muna Ndira 5, 1920 muguta reBrescia, kuchamhembe kweItari. Akagamuchira zvidzidzo zvake zvekutanga zvemimhanzi pazera remakore mana. Pakutanga akadzidza violin, uye ipapo akatanga kudzidza piyano. Asi kubvira pauduku Arturo akanga achirwara nemabayo, ayo akachinja kuva tibhii, violin yaifanira kusiiwa.

Utano husina kunaka hwemuimbi wechidiki hauna kumubvumira kutakura mutoro wakapetwa kaviri.

Murairidzi wekutanga waMichelangeli aive Paulo Kemeri. Pazera remakore gumi nemana, Arturo akapedza kudzidza kuMilan Conservatory mukirasi yemuimbi ane mukurumbira wepiyano Giovanni Anfossi.

Zvaiita sekuti ramangwana raMichelangeli rakasarudzwa. Asi kamwe kamwe anoenda kuimba yemamongi yeFrancisca, kwaanoshanda seanoimba kwerinenge gore. Michelangeli haana kuva mumongi. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakatipoteredza zvakakonzera maonero enyika emuimbi.

Muna 1938, Michelangeli akapinda muInternational Piano Competition muBrussels, kwaakatora nzvimbo yechinomwe chete. Nhengo yemakwikwi evatongi vemakwikwi SE Feinberg, zvichida achireva rusununguko rwemu salon-romantic rwevakwikwidzi vepamusoro vekuItaly, akanyora ipapo kuti vanotamba “neungwaru hwekunze, asi vane hunhu kwazvo”, uye kuti kuita kwavo “kunosiyaniswa nekushaikwa kwakakwana kwemazano mumakwikwi. dudziro yebasa” .

Mukurumbira wakauya kuna Michelangeli mushure mekukunda makwikwi muGeneva muna 1939. "Liszt itsva yakazvarwa," vatsoropodzi vemimhanzi vakanyora. A. Cortot nedzimwe nhengo dzejury dzakapa ongororo ine shungu yemutambo wechidiki weItaly. Zvaiita sokuti iye zvino hapana chaizotadzisa Michelangeli kubudirira, asi Hondo Yenyika II yakatanga nokukurumidza. -Anotora chikamu mubato rekupikisa, achibata basa remutyairi wendege, achirwa nemaNazi.

Anokuvadzwa muruoko, akasungwa, akaiswa mujeri, kwaanopedza mwedzi inenge 8, achitora mukana wacho, anotiza kubva mujeri - uye kuti anomhanya sei! mundege yemuvengi yakabiwa. Zvakaoma kutaura kuti chokwadi chiripi uye ndepapi ngano nezvevechidiki vemauto aMichelangeli. Iye pachake aizeza zvakanyanya kubata nyaya iyi muhurukuro dzake nevatori venhau. Asi kunyange kana pane hafu yechokwadi pano, inoramba ichingoshamiswa - kwakanga kusina chinhu chakadai munyika kana pamberi paMichelangeli kana shure kwake.

"Pakupera kwehondo, Michelangeli anozodzokera kumumhanzi. Muridzi wepiyano anoridza pamatanho ane mukurumbira muEurope neUSA. Asi angadai asiri Michelangeli kana aiita zvese sevamwe. "Handimbotambiri vamwe vanhu," Michelangeli akamboti, "Ndinozvitamba uye ini, kazhinji, hazvina basa kana muhoro mune vateereri kana kwete. Kana ndiri pakiibhodhi yepiyano, zvese zvakandikomberedza zvinonyangarika.

Kune mimhanzi chete uye hapana chimwe kunze kwemimhanzi."

Muridzi wepiyano aienda pachikuva chete kana achinzwa chimiro uye ari muchimiro. Muimbi wacho aifanirawo kunyatsogutsikana neacoustic nemamwe mamiriro ane chekuita nekuita kuri kuuya. Hazvishamisi kuti kazhinji zvinhu zvese hazvina kubatana, uye konzati yakabviswa.

Hapana angave aine nhamba yakakura kudaro yemakonzati akaziviswa uye akadzima saMichelangeli's. Vatsoropodzi vakatoti muridzi wepiyano akakanzura makonzati akawanda kupfuura aakavapa! Michelangeli akamboramba mutambo paCarnegie Hall pachayo! Akanga asingade piyano, kana kuti zvimwe kuigadzirisa.

Mukururama, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti kuramba kwakadaro hakugoni kunzi kune chishuwo. Muenzaniso unogona kupiwa apo Michelangeli akapinda mutsaona yemotokari uye akatyoka mbabvu yake, uye pashure pemaawa mashomanana akaenda pachikuva.

Pashure paizvozvo, akapedza gore ari muchipatara! Muridzi wepiyano repertoire yaive nenhamba shoma yemabasa nevanyori vakasiyana:

Scarlatti, Bach, Busoni, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Chopin, Schumann, Brahms, Rachmaninov, Debussy, Ravel nevamwe.

Michelangeli aigona kudzidza chidimbu chitsva kwemakore asati aisanganisira muzvirongwa zvake zvekonzati. Asi kunyange gare gare, akadzokera kubasa iri kanopfuura kamwe, achiwana mavara matsva uye nuances yemanzwiro mairi. "Kana tichitaura nezvemimhanzi yandakaridza pamwe makumi kana mazana enguva, ndinogara ndichitanga kubva pakutanga," akadaro. Zvinoita sekuti imhanzi itsva zvachose kwandiri.

Pese pandinotanga nemazano anondibata panguva ino.

Maitiro emuimbi haana zvachose maitiro ekuita basa:

“Basa rangu nderekutaura donzvo remunyori, chido chemunyori, kuti ndive nemweya nemavara emumhanzi wandinotamba,” akadaro. — Ndinoedza kuverenga zvinyorwa zvemumhanzi zvakarurama. Zvese zviripo, zvese zvakaiswa chiratidzo. Michelangeli akavavarira chinhu chimwe - kukwana.

Ndokusaka akatenderera maguta eEurope kwenguva yakareba piyano yake uye tuner, pasinei nokuti mari munyaya iyi yaiwanzopfuura mari yemitambo yake. maererano nehunyanzvi uye nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira "zvigadzirwa," Tsypin anoti.

Mumwe mutsoropodzi weMoscow anosanozivikanwa anonzi DA Rabinovich akanyora muna 1964, pashure pokushanya kwomuimbi wepiyano muUSSR: “Maitiro aMichelangeli ndeawo anoshamisa zvikuru pane ati ambovapo. Kutorwa kumiganhu yezvinobvira, zvakanaka. Zvinokonzera kunakidzwa, kunzwa kwekuyemura kwerunako runopindirana rwe "absolute pianism".

Panguva imwecheteyo, imwe nyaya yakanyorwa naGG Neuhaus "Pianist Arturo Benedetti-Michelangeli" yakaonekwa, iyo yakati: "Kwenguva yokutanga, mutambi wepiyano anozivikanwa munyika yose Arturo Benedetti-Michelangeli akauya kuU.S.SR. Makoniti ake ekutanga muGreat Hall yeConservatory akabva aratidza kuti mukurumbira mukuru wemupiyano uyu wakanga wakanyatsokodzera, kuti kufarira kukuru uye tarisiro isingashiviriri yakaratidzwa nevateereri vakazadza horo yekonzati kusvika pakukwanisa kwakaruramiswa - uye vakagamuchira kugutsikana kwakakwana. Benedetti-Michelangeli akazove ari mutambi wepiyano wepamusoro-soro, kirasi yepamusoro-soro, pedyo iyo isingawanzoitiki, mashoma mashoma anogona kuiswa. Zvakaoma mukudzokorora muchidimbu kunyora zvose zvaanoita kuti ateerere muteereri pamusoro pake, ndinoda kutaura zvakawanda uye zvakadzama, asi kunyange zvakadaro, zvishoma muchidimbu, ndichabvumirwa kucherechedza chinhu chikuru. Chokutanga pane zvose, zvakakosha kuti titaure kusinganzwisisike-kukwana kwekuita kwake, kukwana kusingabvumiri chero njodzi, kuchinja kweminiti, hapana kutsauka kubva pane chakanaka chekuita, chakambozivikanwa naye, chakasimbiswa uye chakaitwa. basa guru rekuzvinyima. Kukwana, kuwirirana muzvinhu zvose - mune pfungwa huru yebasa, mune unyanzvi, mukunzwika, mune zviduku zvishoma, pamwe chete nezvose.

Mimhanzi yake inofanana nemufananidzo wemarble, wakakwana zvinonwisa mvura, wakagadzirirwa kumira kwemazana emakore pasina shanduko, sekunge hausi pasi pemitemo yenguva, kupesana kwayo uye kushanduka. Kana ndikataura kudaro, kuzadzikiswa kwayo imhando ye "standard" yeyakanyanya kukwirira uye yakaoma kuita yakanaka, chinhu chisingawanzo kuwanikwa, chinenge chisingawanikwe, kana tikashandisa kune pfungwa ye "chakanaka" chirevo chakashandiswa naPI Tchaikovsky. iye, aitenda kuti mune zvese hapana anenge asina mabasa akakwana mumimhanzi yenyika, kuti kukwana kunowanikwa chete mune zvisingawanzo zviitiko, mukukwana uye nekutanga, zvisinei nekuwanda kweakanaka, akanakisa, ane tarenda, anopenya nziyo. Semupiyano chero mukuru kwazvo, Benedetti-Michelangeli ane ruzha rwakapfuma zvisingafungidzike: hwaro hwemimhanzi - nguva-inzwi - inogadzirwa uye inoshandiswa kusvika painogumira. Heino mutambi wepiyano anoziva nzira yekuburitsa kuzvarwa kwekutanga kweruzha uye shanduko dzayo dzese uye gradations kusvika kune fortissimo, inogara iri mukati memiganhu yenyasha nerunako. Iyo yepurasitiki yemutambo wake inoshamisa, iyo yepurasitiki ye-yakadzika bas-relief, iyo inopa mutambo unofadza we chiaroscuro. Kwete chete kuita kwaDebussy, muvengi mukuru mumimhanzi, asiwo yeScarlatti naBeethoven yakazara muhunyengeri uye nerunako rwejira reruzha, kupatsanurwa kwayo uye kujeka, izvo zvisingawanzo kunzwika mukukwana kwakadaro.

Benedetti-Michelangeli haangoteereri uye anonzwa pachake zvakakwana, asi iwe une pfungwa yokuti anofunga mimhanzi paanenge achitamba, iwe uripo pane chiito chekufunga kwemimhanzi, uye naizvozvo, zvinoratidzika kwandiri, mimhanzi yake ine simba risingadzivisiki pamutambo. muteereri. Anongoita kuti ufunge pamwe chete naye. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti uteerere uye unzwe mimhanzi pamakonzati ake.

Uye chimwezve chivakwa, chakanyanya hunhu hweanoridza piano yemazuva ano, chakanyanya kuzvarwa maari: haambozvitamba, anotamba munyori, uye nematambiro aanotamba! Takanzwa Scarlatti, Bach (Chaconne), Beethoven (vese kutanga - weTatu Sonata, uye kunonoka - the 32nd Sonata), uye Chopin, uye Debussy, uye munyori wega wega akazviratidza pamberi pedu mune yake yakasarudzika mavambo. Mutambi chete akanzwisisa mitemo yemimhanzi uye unyanzvi kusvika pakadzika nepfungwa nemwoyo wake anogona kuridza saizvozvo. Hazvina maturo kutaura, izvi zvinoda (kunze kwepfungwa nemoyo) nzira dzepamusoro-soro dzehunyanzvi (kuvandudzwa kweiyo motor-muscular apparatus, iyo yakanaka symbiosis yepiyano nechiridzwa). MuBenedetti-Michelangeli, inogadzirwa nenzira yekuti, kumuteerera, munhu anoyemura kwete tarenda rake guru chete, asiwo basa guru rinodiwa kuti aunze zvinangwa zvake uye mano ake pakukwana kwakadaro.

Pamwe chete nekuita mabasa, Michelangeli akabudirira kuita zvekudzidzisa. Akatanga mumakore ehondo isati yatanga, asi akatanga kudzidzisa zvakanyanya muhafu yechipiri yema1940. Michelangeli akadzidzisa makirasi epiyano kunzvimbo dzekuchengetedza dzimba dzeBologna neVenice nemamwe maguta eItaly. Muimbi wacho akatangawo chikoro chake muBolzano.

Mukuwedzera, munguva yezhizha akaronga zvidzidzo zvepasi rose zvevaduku vanoridza piyano muArezzo, pedyo neFlorence. Mikana yemari yemudzidzi anofarira Michelangeli anenge ari mudiki. Uyezve, akatogadzirira kubatsira vanhu vane matarenda. Chinhu chikuru ndechokufadza nemudzidzi. "Muchiitiko ichi, zvakanyanya kana zvishoma zvakachengeteka, kunze, chero zvakadaro, hupenyu hwaMichelangeli hwakayerera kusvika pakupera kwemakumi matanhatu," anonyora Tsypin. mujaho wemotokari, aive, nenzira, angangoita nyanzvi yemutyairi wemotokari, akagamuchira mibairo mumakwikwi. Michelangeli aigara zvine mwero, nekusazvibata, aigara achifamba mujira rake dema raanofarira, imba yake yekugara yakanga isina kunyanya kusiyana mukushongedza kubva kuseri kwemamongi. Airidza piyano kazhinji kazhinji usiku, apo aigona kubvisa zvachose chinhu chiri kunze kwechinhu chiri kunze, kubva kunharaunda yekunze.

"Zvakakosha kuti usarasikirwe newe," akambotaura kudaro. "Asati aenda kune veruzhinji, muimbi anofanira kuzvitsvagira nzira." Vanoti chiyero chebasa raMichelangeli chechirimbo chaive chakanyanya kukwirira: maawa 7-8 pazuva. Zvisinei, pavakataura naye nezvenyaya iyi, akapindura achishatirwa kuti akashanda maawa 24 ose, chikamu chimwe chete chebasa iri chakaitwa seri kwekiyibhodhi yepiyano, uye chikamu chiri kunze kwayo.

Muna 1967-1968, kambani yekurekodha, iyo Michelangeli yaibatanidzwa nezvimwe zvisungo zvemari, zvisingatarisirwi yakaparara. Mupurisa akatora midziyo yemuimbi uyu. "Michelangeli ane njodzi yekusara asina denga pamusoro wake," pepanhau reItaly rakanyora mazuva ano. “Mapiyano, ayo anopfuudzira paari kurondwa kunoshamisa kwokukwana, haasisiri ake. Kusungwa uku kunowedzerawo kumuhoro kubva kumakonzati ake emangwana. "

Michelangeli neshungu, asina kumirira rubatsiro, anosiya Italy ndokunogara kuSwitzerland muLugano. Ikoko akararama kutozosvikira parufu rwake pana June 12, 1995. Makonzati iye achangobva kupa zvishomanene zvikuru. Achitamba munyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzeEurope, haana kuzotamba zvakare muItaly.

Mutariri mukuru uye akasimba waBenedetti Michelangeli, pasina panikiro mutambi wepiyano mukurusa weItaly wepakati pezana ramakore redu, anokwira senhongonya iri yoga mudungwe remakomo rehofori dzepiyano yenyika. Kuonekwa kwake kwese pachikuva kunoratidza kushushikana nekusagadzikana kubva munyika. Hapana chimiro, hapana nhandare, hapana kukwenya pamusoro pevateereri uye hapana kunyemwerera, kwete kutenda nekuombera maoko mushure mekonzati. Haaite seanoona kuombera maoko: basa rake raitwa. Mumhanzi wainge uchangobva kumubatanidza nevanhu wakabva wanyarara, kuonana kwakabva kwapera. Dzimwe nguva zvinoratidzika kuti vateereri vanotomupindira, zvinomugumbura.

Hapana, zvichida, anoita zvishomanana kudurura uye "kuzvipa" mumhanzi wakaitwa, saBenedetti Michelangeli. Uye panguva imwe chete - zvinokatyamadza - vanhu vashoma vanosiya chimiro chisingadzimiki chehunhu pane chidimbu chega chega chavanoita, pamutsara wega wega uye nekurira kwese, sezvaanoita. Kutamba kwake kunofadza nekusakwana kwayo, kusimba, kunyatsofungisisa uye kupedzisa; zvingaita sekuti chinhu chekuvandudza, kushamisika hachizivikanwi kwaari - zvinhu zvose zvakagadziriswa kwemakore, zvinhu zvose zvinotengeswa zvinonzwisisika, zvose zvinogona kunge zvakadaro uye hapana chimwe chinhu.

Asi sei, zvino, mutambo uyu unobata muteereri, unomubatanidza mukufamba kwayo, sekunge pamberi pake pachikuva basa riri kuberekwa patsva, uyezve, kwekutanga?!

Mvuri yenhamo, imwe mhando yezvisingadzivisike inotenderera pamusoro pehungwaru hwaMichelangeli, ichifukidza zvese zvinobatwa neminwe yake. Zvakakosha kuenzanisa Chopin yake neChopin imwechete yakaitwa nevamwe - ma piano makuru; zvakakosha kuti uteerere kune iyo yakadzika dhirama Concerto yaGrieg inooneka maari - iyo chaiyo inopenya nerunako uye nhetembo dzenziyo mune vamwe vaanoshanda navo, kuti unzwe, kuda kuona nemeso ako mumvuri uyu, zvinoshamisa, zvisingaite kushandura. mimhanzi pachayo. Uye Tchaikovsky's First, Rachmaninoff's Fourth - izvi zvakasiyana sei nezvose zvawakanzwa kare?! Zvinoshamisa here mushure meizvi kuti nyanzvi ine ruzivo rwepiyano art DA Rabinovich, uyo angangodaro akanzwa vose varidzi vepiyano vezana remakore, anzwa Benedetti Michelangeli pachikuva, akabvuma; "Handisati ndambosangana nemuimbi akadaro, runyoro rwakadai, hunhu hwakadai - zvinoshamisa, uye zvakadzika, uye zvinokwezva zvisingadzivisiki - handisati ndambosangana muhupenyu hwangu" ...

Kuverengazve akawanda ezvinyorwa uye wongororo nezve muimbi weItaly, zvakanyorwa muMoscow neParis, London nePrague, New York neVienna, zvinoshamisa kazhinji, iwe unozosangana neshoko rimwe chete - izwi rimwe remashiripiti, sekunge rakagadzirirwa kuona nzvimbo yake nyika yemazuva ano art yekududzira. , kukwana. Chokwadi, ishoko rakarurama. Michelangeli inyanzvi yechokwadi yekukwana, anovavarira iyo yakanaka yekuwirirana uye runako hupenyu hwake hwese uye miniti yega yega papiyano, achisvika pakakwirira uye achigara asingagutsikane nezvaakawana. Kukwana kuri mukunaka, mukujeka kwevavariro, mukunaka kwenzwi, mukuwirirana kwezvose.

Achienzanisa mutambi wepiyano nemuimbi mukuru weRenaissance Raphael, D. Rabinovich anonyora, kuti: “Inheyo yaRaphael inodururirwa muunyanzvi hwake ndokusarudza mativi ayo anokosha zvikurusa. Mutambo uyu, unoratidzwa zvakanyanya nekukwana - kusingaenzaniswi, kusinganzwisisiki. Rinoita kuti rizivikanwe kwese kwese. Maitiro aMichelangeli ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zvakambovapo. Yakaunzwa kumiganhu yezvinobvira, haina kuitirwa "kuzunungusa", "kupwanya". Akanaka. Zvinounza mufaro, kunzwa kuyemurwa kwerunako runopindirana rwepiyano yakakwana… Michelangeli haazive zvipingamupinyi mungave muhunyanzvi hwakadaro kana muchikamu cheruvara. Zvinhu zvose zviri pasi pake, anogona kuita chero zvaanoda, uye ichi chigadziro chisingagumi, kukwana uku kwechimiro kunonyatsoiswa pasi pebasa rimwe chete - kuwana kukwana kwemukati. Iyo yekupedzisira, kunyangwe inoratidzika seyechinyakare kureruka uye hupfumi hwekutaura, pfungwa dzisina kunaka uye pfungwa yekududzira, haisi nyore kuonekwa. Pandakateerera Michelangeli, pakutanga zvaiita sekuti aitamba zviri nani nguva nenguva. Ipapo ndakaziva kuti nguva nenguva aindikwevera zvakasimba mukufamba kwenyika yake huru, yakadzama, yakaoma kunzwisisa yokusika. Kuita kwaMichelangeli kuri kuda. Akamirira kuteererwa zvakanyatsonaka, zvine simba. Hungu, mashoko aya anotsanangura zvakawanda, asi zvinotova zvisingatarisirwi mashoko omunyori wacho pachake: “Kukwana ishoko randaisambonzwisisa. Kukwana kunoreva ganhuriro, denderedzwa rakashata. Chimwe chinhu imhindumupindu. Asi chinhu chikuru kuremekedza munyori. Izvi hazvirevi kuti munhu anofanira kukopa manotsi uye kubudisazve makopi aya nekuita kwake, asi munhu anofanira kuedza kududzira vavariro dzemunyori, uye kwete kuisa mimhanzi yake mubasa rezvinangwa zvake pachake.

Saka chii chinorehwa nekushanduka-shanduka kunotaurwa nemuimbi? Mukuenzanisa nguva dzose kumweya netsamba yezvakasikwa nemunyori? Mumuitiro unopfuurira, “woupenyu hwose” wokuzvikurira umene, kutambudzwa kwacho kunonzwiwa zvikuru kwazvo nomuteereri? Pamwe mune izvi zvakare. Asiwo mukuratidzira kusingadzivisiki kwoungwaru hwomunhu, mudzimu une simba womunhu panziyo iri kuridzwa, iyo dzimwe nguva inokwanisa kuikwidziridza kusvika pakakwirira zvisina mukare akamboona, dzimwe nguva ichichipa ukoshi hukuru zvikuru kupfuura hwapakuvamba hurimo. Izvi zvakamboitika naRachmaninoff, mutambi wepiyano chete uyo Michelangeli anokotama kwaari, uye izvi zvinoitika naye pachake, toti, neB. Galuppi's Sonata muC Major kana akawanda sonatas naD. Scarlatti.

Iwe unogona kazhinji kunzwa pfungwa yekuti Michelangeli, sokunge zvakadaro, anofananidzira imwe rudzi rwemupiyano wezana ramakore rechi XNUMX - nguva yemuchina mukukura kwevanhu, mutambi wepiyano asina nzvimbo yekufemerwa, yekukurudzira kugadzira. Maonero aya akawana vatsigiri munyika yedu zvakare. Aororwa neshanyo yemuimbi, GM Kogan akanyora kuti: “Magadzirirwo akaitwa naMichelangeli inyama yenyama ‘yenguva yokurekodha’; Kuridza piyano kwemuItaly kunonyatsoenderana nezvaanoda. Nokudaro chido che "zana muzana" kururamisa, kukwana, kusakundikana zvachose, iyo inoratidzira mutambo uyu, asiwo kudzingwa kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvishoma zvengozi, kubudirira kune "zvisingazivikanwi", izvo G. Neuhaus akadana zvakakodzera kuti "standardization" kwekuita. Kusiyana nevanoridza piyano vane rudo, pasi peminwe yavo basa racho pacharo rinoita serakagadzirwa pakarepo, rakazvarwa patsva, Michelangeli haatombogadziri mutambo pachikuva: zvese zviri pano zvinogadzirwa pachine nguva, kuyerwa uye kuyerwa, kukandwa kamwe uye zvachose mune isingaparadzike. magnificent form. Kubva pane iyi fomu yakapedzwa, mutambi mukonzati, nekufungisisa uye nehanya, akapeta nepeta, anobvisa chifukidziro, uye chifananidzo chinoshamisa chinooneka pamberi pedu mukukwana kwayo kwemarble.

Pasina mubvunzo, chinhu chekuzvimiririra, kungoerekana kwaitika mumutambo weMichelangeli hachipo. Asi izvi zvinoreva here kuti kukwana kwemukati kunowanikwa kamwechete uye kwenguva dzose, kumba, mukati mekushanda kwehofisi yakanyarara, uye zvose zvinopiwa kuvanhu imhando yekopi kubva kune imwe muenzaniso? Asi makopi anogona sei, zvisinei kuti akanaka sei uye akakwana sei, zvakare uye zvakare anomutsa kutya kwemukati muvateereri - uye izvi zvave zvichiitika kwemakumi emakore akawanda?! Ko muimbi anozvikopa gore negore angaramba ari pamusoro sei?! Uye, pakupedzisira, sei zvino izvo zvinowanzoitika kuti "piyano yekurekodha" isingawanzo uye nekuzengurira, nekuoma kwakadaro, zvinyorwa, nei kunyange nhasi zvinyorwa zvake zvisingakoshi kana zvichienzaniswa nezvinyorwa zvevamwe, vashoma "zvakajairika" piyano?

Hazvisi nyore kupindura mibvunzo iyi yose, kugadzirisa chirahwe chaMichelangeli kusvika kumagumo. Wese munhu anobvuma kuti isu tine pamberi pedu muimbi mukuru wepiyano. Asi chimwe chinhu chakanyatsojeka: iyo chaiyo yeunyanzvi hwake ndeyekuti, pasina kusiya vateereri vasina hanya, inokwanisa kuvaparadzanisa kuva vatsigiri nevashori, kune avo vane mweya uye tarenda yemufananidzo uri pedyo, uye avo kune avo. mutorwa. Chero zvazvingava, unyanzvi uhwu haugoni kunzi elitist. Yakanatswa - hongu, asi vepamusoro - kwete! Muimbi haane chinangwa chekutaura nevakuru chete, "anotaura" sekunge ari kwaari, uye muteereri - muteereri akasununguka kubvuma uye kuyemura kana kupokana - asi achiri kumuyemura. Hazvibviri kusateerera inzwi raMichelangeli - iro ndiro simba risinganzwisisiki, risingazivikanwi retarenda rake.

Zvichida mhinduro yemibvunzo yakawanda inowanika mumashoko ake anoti: “Muridzi wepiyano haafaniri kutaura zvaanoda. Chinhu chikuru, chinonyanya kukosha, ndechekunzwa mweya wemunyori. Ndakaedza kukudziridza nekudzidzisa hunhu uhu muvadzidzi vangu. Dambudziko nechizvarwa chazvino chevadiki maartist nderekuti ivo vakanyatso tarisa pakutaura ivo pachavo. Uye uyu ndiwo musungo: kana iwe uchinge wawira mariri, unozviwana uri mugumo rakafa iro pasina nzira yekubuda nayo. Chinhu chikuru chemuimbi wekuimba ndechekubatana nemafungiro nemanzwiro emunhu akasika mimhanzi. Kudzidza mimhanzi ingori mavambo. Hunhu hwechokwadi hwemuimbi wepiyano hunotanga kuzviratidza chete kana auya mukukurukurirana kwakadzama kwenjere nemanzwiro nemunyori. Tinogona kutaura nezve kusika kwemumhanzi chete kana nyanduri anyatsogona kuridza piyano… Ini handiridzira vamwe – ini chete uye nekuda kwekushandira muimbi. Hazvina mutsauko kwandiri kuti ndotambira veruzhinji here kana kuti kwete. Pandinogara pasi pa keyboard, zvese zvakandikomberedza zvinomira kuvapo. Ndinofunga pamusoro pezvandiri kutamba, nezveruzha rwandiri kugadzira, nekuti chibereko chepfungwa.”

Kusanzwisisika, chakavanzika chinoputira kwete chete hunyanzvi hweMichelangeli; ngano zhinji dzerudo dzakabatana nehupenyu hwake. "Ini ndiri muSlav kubva pakutanga, kanenge chikamu cheropa reSlavic chinoyerera mutsinga dzangu, uye ndinoona Austria senyika yangu. Iwe unogona kundidaidza kuti muSlav pakuzvarwa uye muAustria netsika, "muimbi wepiyano, anozivikanwa pasi rese satenzi mukuru weItaly, akaberekerwa muBrescia uye akapedza nguva yakawanda yehupenyu hwake muItaly, akamboudza mutori wenhau.

Nzira yake yakanga isina kuzara nemaruva. Akatanga kudzidza mimhanzi pazera re4, akarota zvekuve mutambi weviolin kusvika pazera ramakore gumi, asi mushure mepneumonia akarwara nechirwere cherurindi uye akamanikidzwa "kudzidzirazve" piyano, sezvo mafambiro mazhinji ane chekuita nekuridza violin aive. contraindicated kwaari. Zvisinei, yakanga iri violin uye nhengo ("Kutaura nezvezwi rangu," anodaro, "hatifaniri kutaura nezvepiyano, asi pamusoro pekubatanidzwa kwegumbo uye violin"), maererano naye, akamubatsira kuwana nzira yake. Atova nemakore 10, jaya akapedza kudzidza kubva Milan Conservatory, kwaakadzidza Purofesa Giovanni Anfossi (uye kwenguva refu akadzidza mushonga).

Muna 1938 akagamuchira mubairo wechinomwe pamakwikwi enyika yose muBrussels. Iye zvino izvi zvinowanzonyorwa se "kukundikana kunoshamisa", "chikanganiso chinouraya chejeri", tichikanganwa kuti pianist weItaly aingova nemakore 17 chete, kuti akatanga kuedza ruoko rwake pamakwikwi akaoma kudaro, apo vakwikwidzi vakanga vakasiyana. yakasimba: vazhinji vavo vakavawo nekukurumidza nyeredzi dzeukuru hwekutanga. Asi makore maviri gare gare, Michelangeli akava mukundi wemakwikwi eGeneva nyore nyore uye akawana mukana wekutanga basa rakanaka, kana hondo isina kupindira. Muimbi wacho haayeuke makore iwayo zviri nyore, asi zvinozivikanwa kuti aishingaira mubato reResistance, akatiza mujeri reGermany, akave mutsigiri, uye akagona basa remutyairi wemauto.

Apo pfuti dzakapera, Michelangeli akanga ane makore 25 okukura; Muridzi wepiyano akarasikirwa nevashanu vavo mumakore ehondo, 5 mamwe - mune imwe sanatorium kwaakarapwa tibhii. Asi zvino kariro dzakajeka dzakazaruka pamberi pake. Zvisinei, Michelangeli ari kure nemhando yemazuva ano konzati mutambi; anogara asina chokwadi, asina chokwadi nezvake. "Haitombokwana" mu "conveyor" yekoniti yemazuva edu. Anotora makore achidzidza zvidimbu zvitsva, achidzima makonzati nguva nenguva (vanomushora vanoti akadzima kupfuura zvaakatamba). Achinyatsoteerera kunaka kweruzha, muimbi aifarira kufamba nepiyano yake uye tuner yake kwenguva yakareba, izvo zvakakonzera kutsamwiswa kwevatariri uye kutaura kwakashata mupepanhau. Nekuda kweizvozvo, anoparadza hukama nevashambadziri, nemakambani ekurekodha, nevemapepanhau. Runyerekupe rusina maturo runoparadzirwa pamusoro pake, uye mukurumbira wokuva munhu akaoma, akajeka uye asingakanganisi anogoverwa kwaari.

Zvichakadaro, munhu uyu haaoni chimwe chinangwa pamberi pake, kunze kwebasa rekuzvipira kune unyanzvi. Kufamba nepiyano uye tuner kwakamudyira mari yakawanda; asi anopa makonzati akawanda chete kuti abatsire vaduku vanoridza piyano kuwana dzidzo yakazara. Anotungamirira makirasi epiyano panzvimbo dzokuchengetedza dzeBologna neVenice, anoita misangano yegore negore muArezzo, anoronga chikoro chake pachake muBergamo neBolzano, kwaasingangogamuchiri mari yezvidzidzo zvake chete, asiwo anobhadhara mabhezari kuvadzidzi; inoronga uye kwemakore akati wandei inobata mitambo yepasirese yepiyano art, pakati pevatori vechikamu vaive vatambi vakanyanya kubva kunyika dzakasiyana, kusanganisira mutambi wepiyano weSoviet Yakov Flier.

Michelangeli nekuzengurira, "kuburikidza nechisimba" yakanyorwa, kunyangwe mafemu achimutevera neanopa mari yakawanda. Muchikamu chechipiri che60s, boka revatengesi rakamukwevera musangano rebhizimisi rake, BDM-Polyfon, iyo yaifanira kusunungura zvinyorwa zvake. Asi kutengeserana hakusi kwaMichelangeli, uye nokukurumidza kambani inoparara, uye nayo muimbi. Ndicho chikonzero mumakore achangopfuura haana kutamba muItaly, iyo yakakundikana kuonga "mwanakomana wake akaoma". Haatambire muUSA futi, uko kunotonga mweya wekutengesa, usiri mutorwa kwaari. Nyanzvi yakaregawo kudzidzisa. Anogara mufurati ine mwero muguta reSwiss reLugano, achiputsa kutapwa uku nekushanya - achiwedzera kushomeka, sezvo vashoma veimpresario vanotsunga kupedzisa zvibvumirano naye, uye zvirwere hazvimusiye. Asi imwe neimwe yemakonzati ake (kazhinji muPrague kana Vienna) inoshanduka kuita chiitiko chisingakanganwiki kune vateereri, uye rekodhi nyowani imwe neimwe inosimbisa kuti masimba ekugadzira emuimbi haaderedze: ingoteerera mavhoriyamu maviri eDebussy's Preludes, akatorwa muna 1978-1979.

Mu "kutsvaga kwake nguva yakarasika," Michelangeli nekufamba kwemakore aifanira kuchinja maonero ake pane repertoire. Voruzhinji, mumashoko ake, “vakamunyima mukana wokutsvaka”; kana mumakore ake ekutanga aifarira kutamba mimhanzi yemazuva ano, iye zvino akaisa zvaaida zvakanyanya pamimhanzi yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX nekutanga rechiXNUMX. Asi repertoire yake yakasiyana-siyana kupfuura inoratidzika kune vakawanda: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Schumann, Chopin, Rachmaninov, Brahms, Liszt, Ravel, Debussy inomiririrwa muzvirongwa zvake nemakonzati, sonatas, cycles, miniatures.

Mamiriro ese aya, anonzwisiswa zvinorwadza neari nyore ari panjodzi psyche yemuimbi, anopa muchidimbu kiyi yekuwedzera kune yake yekutya uye yakanatswa art, anobatsira kunzwisisa kuti mumvuri iwoyo unowira unowira kupi, izvo zvakaoma kusanzwa mumutambo wake. Asi hunhu hwaMichelangeli hahuna nguva dzose hunoenderana nechimiro chemufananidzo we "anozvikudza uye akasuruvara ari oga", iyo yakadzika midzi mupfungwa dzevamwe.

Kwete, anoziva nzira yekuve nyore, kufara uye kushamwaridzana, izvo vazhinji vevaanoshanda navo vanogona kutaura nezvazvo, anoziva kunakidzwa nekusangana neruzhinji uye nekurangarira mufaro uyu. Musangano nevateereri veSoviet muna 1964 wakaramba uri ndangariro yakajeka kwaari. “Ikoko, kumabvazuva kweEurope,” akadaro gare gare, “zvokudya zvomudzimu zvichiri kureva zvinopfuura zvokudya zvokunyama: kunofadza zvikuru kuridza ikoko, vateereri vanoda kuzvipira kwakazara kwauri.” Uye izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinodiwa nemuimbi, semhepo.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990