Jacques Ibert (Jacques Ibert) |

Jacques Ibert

Jacques Ibert (zita rizere Jacques Francois Antoine Ibert, Nyamavhuvhu 15, 1890, Paris - Kukadzi 5, 1962, Paris) aive muimbi wechiFrench.

Iber akaberekwa naAntoine Ibert, mutengesi, uye Marguerite Lartigue, muzukuru wechipiri waManuel de Falla. Pazera remakore mana, akatanga kudzidza kuridza violin nepiyano achitungamirirwa naamai vake. Pazera remakore gumi nemaviri, akaverenga bhuku rekubatana naReber naDubois, akatanga kunyora maduku maduku nenziyo. Pashure pokunge apedza chikoro, akawana basa somutarisiri weimba inochengeterwa zvinhu kuti abetsere baba vake, avo vane bhizimisi rakanga risinganyanyi kubudirira panguva iyoyo. Pachivande kubva kuvabereki vake, akadzidza ari oga solfeggio uye dzidziso yemimhanzi, uye akapindawo makirasi ekuita naPaul Moonet. Mune akarayira jaya kuti asarudze basa semutambi, asi vabereki vaIber havana kutsigira pfungwa iyi, uye akasarudza kuzvipira zvachose kumumhanzi.

Muna 1910, pazano raManuel de Falla, Iber akanyorera kuParis Conservatoire uye akagamuchirwa kwairi se "muteereri", uye gore rakatevera - nokuda kwekudzidziswa kwakazara mumakirasi eanopikisa André Gedalge, kuwirirana - Emile Pessar. , kuumbwa uye kuimba - Paul Vidal. Pakati pevaaidzidza navo paiva nevanyori vakakurumbira vomunguva yemberi Arthur Honegger naDarius Milhaud. Ibert airarama achipa zvidzidzo zvepachivande, kuridza piyano mumabhaisikopo eMontmartre, uye kugadzira nziyo dzepop nekutamba (dzimwe dzacho dzakaburitswa pasi pezita remanyepo William Bertie).

Nokutanga kweHondo Yenyika Yokutanga, Iber, uyo akanga asina kukodzera basa rechiuto nokuda kwezvikonzero zvoutano, zvisinei akaenda kumberi muna November 1914 somunhu akarongeka. Muna 1916, akarwara netyphus uye akamanikidzwa kudzokera kumashure. Kwenguva pfupi, anojoinha boka revanyori veNew Young rakagadzirwa naEric Satie uye anotora chikamu mumakonzati akati wandei naGeorges Auric, Louis Duray naArthur Honegger. Kwapera gore, Iber akabatana neNavy, kwaakakurumidza kugamuchira chinzvimbo chemukuru uye akashanda muDunkirk kwemakore akati wandei. Muna Gumiguru 1919, asati asunungurwa, Iber anotora chikamu mumakwikwi eRome Prize neCantata "The Poet and the Fairy" uye pakarepo anogamuchira Grand Prix, iyo inomubvumira kugara muRoma kwemakore matatu. Mugore rimwe chetero, Ibert anoroora Rosette Weber, mwanasikana wemupendi Jean Weber. Muna February 1920, vaviri vacho vakatamira kuRoma, uko munyori akanyora basa guru rekutanga reimba - "The Ballad of Reading Prison" zvichienderana nenhetembo yezita rimwe chete naOscar Wilde. Nguva yeRoma yekugadzira inosanganisira opera "Perseus uye Andromeda", masutu "Nhoroondo" yepiyano uye "Seaports" yeorchestra. Kungogara kuchifamba uye kusangana kwakachena kwakatungamira kune chokwadi chekuti muna 1920 mutsoropodzi wemimhanzi Henri Collet, "kuverenga" vanyori vechidiki, haana kusanganisira Jacques Ibert muboka rakakurumbira uye rakashambadzirwa zvikuru re "Six".

Muna 1923, munyori akadzokera kuParis, kwaaishanda semunyori, uye akadzidzisawo kuimba paChikoro Chose. Makore matatu gare gare, Iber anotenga imba yezana ramakore rechi XNUMX muNormandy, kwaanogara mwedzi yakati wandei pagore, achida kutiza kubva kuguta. Muimba ino, achagadzira nziyo dzake dzakakurumbira: Divertimento yeorchestra, opera King Yveto, ballet Knight Errant nevamwe.

Gore ra1927 rakaratidzwa nekuonekwa kwe opera "Angelica", yakaitwa muParis uye yakaunza munyori wayo mukurumbira wenyika. Mumakore akatevera, Iber akashanda zvakanyanya pamimhanzi yezvirongwa zvemitambo uye mafirimu, pakati pawo Don Quixote (1932) naFyodor Chaliapin mune chinzvimbo chezita chakatanhamara. Muimbi anogadzirawo akati wandei enziyo, kusanganisira Sea Symphony, iyo, maererano nekuda kwake, yaisazoitwa kusvika pakufa kwake.

Muna 1933-1936, Iber akanyora Flute Concerto uye Chamber Concertino yeSaxophone, pamwe chete nemabheti maviri makuru ekuimba (akatumwa naIda Rubinstein): Diana wePoitiers uye Knight Errant. Anoita rwendo rukuru rweEurope, anoita nemabasa ake semutungamiri, anotungamirira kugadzirwa kwekutanga kwe "King Yveto" muDüsseldorf. Pamwe chete naHonegger, iyo opera "Eaglet" iri kugadzirwa.

Muna 1937, Iber akagamuchira chigaro chemutungamiriri weFrench Academy muRome (kekutanga kubva muna 1666, muimbi akagadzwa panzvimbo iyi). Akadzokera zvakare kubasa rakabatana naHonegger: operetta "Baby Cardinal", yakaitwa muParis, yakabudirira zvikuru.

Kubva pakutanga kweHondo Yenyika II, Ibert akashanda seNaval Attaché paEmbassy yeFrance muRome. Pana June 10, Italy yakapinda muhondo, uye zuva rakatevera Iber nemhuri yake vakabva muRoma nechitima chehurumende.

Muna Nyamavhuvhu 1940, Ibert akadzingwa, nechirevo chakakosha chehurumende yeVichy, zita rake rakadzimwa kubva pane rondedzero yevakuru vemauto, uye mabasa ake akarambidzwa kuitwa. Mumakore mana akatevera, Iber akagara munzvimbo yepamutemo, achienderera mberi nekunyora (muna 1942 akapedza kudzidza kubva kuString Quartet, iyo yakanga yatanga makore mashanu apfuura). Muna October 1942, Iber akakwanisa kutamira kuSwitzerland, kwaakatanga kuva nezvinetso zvoutano zvakakomba (sepsis).

Pashure pokusunungurwa kweParis muna August 1944, Ibert akadzokera kuFrance. Kubva 1945 kusvika 1947 munyori zvakare akatungamira French Academy muRome. Iber zvakare anonyora mimhanzi yemitambo yemitambo uye mafirimu, ballets, anoitisa zvinyorwa zvake.

Kubva kuma1950, Iber akatanga kusangana nematambudziko nemoyo, izvo zvakamumanikidza kuti arege kuita mukonzati uye kudzidzisa. Muna 1960 munyori wacho akatama kubva kuRoma kuenda kuParis.

Iber akafa musi waFebruary 5, 1962 kubva kuchirwere chemoyo. Mumakore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, akashanda paChipiri Symphony, iyo yakaramba isina kupera. Muimbi anovigwa kumakuva ePassy.

Basa raIber rinobatanidza neoclassical uye impressionistic zvinhu: kujeka uye kuwirirana kwechimiro, rusununguko rwemhanzi, inoshanduka rhythm, ine mavara chiridzwa. Iber inyanzvi yekusiyanisa mimhanzi, jee rakareruka.

Zvinyorwa:

opareta - Perseus naAndromeda (1923 post. 1929, tr "Grand Opera", Paris), Gonzago (1929, Monte Carlo; 1935, tr "Opera comic", Paris), King Yveto (1930, rwendo "Opera Comic", Paris), Eaglet (yakavakirwa pamutambo wezita rimwe chete naE. Rostand, pamwe chete naA. Honegger, 1937, Monte Carlo); ballet - Kusangana (chibodzwa chakagadzirwa pahwaro hwepiyano suite, 1925, iyo Grand Opera, Paris), Diane de Poitiers (choreography naM. Fokine, 1934, ibid.), Love Adventures yeJupiter (1946, "Tr Champs Elysees, Paris), Knight Errant (yakabva paCervantes 'Don Quixote, mimhanzi kubva mufirimu Don Quixote, choreography naS. Lifar, 1950, Grand Opera, Paris), Kukunda kweKuchena (1955, Chicago); operetta - Mucheche Kadhinari (pamwe chete naHonegger, 1938, tr "Buff-Parisien", Paris); yevanoimba solo, kwaya uye orchestra – cantata (1919), Elizabethan suite (1944); yeorchestra - Kisimusi muPicardy (1914), Harbors (3 symphonic pendi: Rome - Palermo, Tunisia - Nephia, Valencia, 1922), Enchanting Scherzo (1925), Divertimento (1930), Suite Paris (1932), Festive Overture (1942) , Orgy (1956); yezviridzwa neokestra - Concerto symphony (yeoboe uye tambo, 1948), concertos (yenyere, 1934; yemhumhi nezviridzwa zvemhepo, 1925), Chamber concertino (yesaxophone, 1935); chamber instrumental ensembles - vatatu (ye skr., wlch. uye rudimbwa, 1940), tambo quartet (1943), mhepo quintet, nezvimwewo; zvidimbu zvepiyano, nhengo, gitare; songs; mimhanzi uye kuita drama theatre - "The Straw Hat" naLabish (1929), "Chikunguru 14" naRolland (pamwe chete nevamwe vanyori veFrance, 1936), "A Midsummer Night's Dream" naShakespeare (1942), nezvimwewo; mimhanzi yemafirimu, kusanganisira. Don Quixote (pamwe nekutora chikamu kweFI Chaliapin); mimhanzi yezviratidziro zveredhiyo - Dambudziko raDoctor Faust (1942), Bluebeard (1943), nezvimwe.