Trembita: chii ichocho, dhizaini yechiridzwa, kuti inonzwika sei, shandisa

"Mweya weCarpathians" - iyi ndiyo nzira iyo vanhu vekuEastern neNorthern Europe vanodana mhepo inoridza chiridzwa trembita. Mazana emakore akapfuura, yakava chikamu chetsika yenyika, yakashandiswa nevafudzi, yakanyevera nezvengozi, yakashandiswa pamichato, mhemberero, mazororo. Kusiyana kwaro hakusi mukunzwika chete. Ichi ndicho chiridzwa chakareba kwazvo chemimhanzi, chakanyorwa neGuinness Book of Records.

Chii chinonzi trembita

Mutsara wenziyo unoreva embouchure zviridzwa zvemhepo. Ipombi yemapuranga. Kureba kwemamita matatu, kune zvienzaniso zvehukuru hukuru - kusvika mamita mana.

MaHutsuls anotamba trembita, achifuridza mhepo kuburikidza nepakamanikana kumucheto kwepombi, iyo dhayamita yaro iri 3 centimita. Bhero rinowedzerwa.

Tool design

Kune vashoma chaizvo vechokwadi trembita vagadziri vasara. Tekinoroji yekusika haina kuchinja kwemazana emakore akawanda. Iyo pombi inogadzirwa nespruce kana larch. Iyo workpiece inoshandurwa, zvino inosangana nekuomeswa kwegore negore, iyo inoomesa huni.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuwana rusvingo rwakatetepa paunenge uchichera gomba remukati. Iyo yakaonda iyo, zviri nani, zvakanyanya kunaka inzwi. Iyo yakakwana yemadziro ukobvu ndeye 3-7 millimeters. Pakuita trembita, hapana glue inoshandiswa. Mushure mokunge gouging, mahafu anobatanidzwa nemhete dzematavi espruce. Mutumbi wechigadzirwa chakapedzwa unonamirwa nebirch bark.

Hutsul pombi haina mavharuvhu nemavharuvhu. Gomba rechikamu chakamanikana chinoshongedzerwa ne beep. Iyi ihwanga kana muromo wesimbi umo muimbi anofuridzira mweya. Inzwi rinoenderana nehutano hunovaka uye unyanzvi hwomuiti.

sounding

Kutamba kweTrembita kunogona kunzwika kwemakumi emakumi emakiromita. Mitinhimira inoimbwa murejista yepamusoro nepasi. Panguva Yekutamba, chiridzwa chinobatwa nebhero kumusoro. Inzwi rinoenderana neunyanzvi hwemuiti, uyo haafaniri kungobudisa mhepo chete, asi kuita zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudedera kwemiromo. Maitiro anoshandiswa anoita kuti zvikwanise kuburitsa ruzha kana kuburitsa ruzha.

Nenzira inofadza, vatsivi vavagadziri vehwamanda vanoedza kushandisa miti yakakuvadzwa bedzi nemheni. Muchiitiko ichi, nguva yehuni inofanira kunge iine makore zana nemakumi maviri. Zvinotendwa kuti bhomba rakadaro rine ruzha rwakasiyana.

Kuparadzirwa

Vafudzi veHutsul vaishandisa trembita sechiridzwa chechiratidzo. Nekunzwika kwayo, vakaudza vagari vomumusha nezvekudzoka kweboka kubva kumafuro, ruzha rwakakwezva vafambi vakarasika, vakaunganidza vanhu nokuda kwemitambo yemitambo, zviitiko zvinokosha.

Munguva yehondo, vafudzi vaikwira makomo, vachitarisira varwisi. Vavengi pavakangosvika, kurira kwehwamanda kwakazivisa musha nezvazvo. Munguva yorugare, vafudzi vaizvivaraidza nenziyo, vasipo vari kumafuro.

Chiridzwa ichi chakashandiswa zvakanyanya pakati pevanhu veTranscarpathia, Romanian, Poles, Hungarians. Vagari vemisha yePolissya vakashandisawo trembita, asi hukuru hwayo hwakanga huri huduku zvikuru, uye inzwi rakanga risina simba.

kushandisa

Nhasi hazviwanzo kunzwa kurira kwe trembita pamafuro, kunyange munzvimbo dziri kure dzeWestern Ukraine chiridzwa hachina kurasikirwa nekukosha kwayo. Yakava chikamu chetsika yenyika uye inoshandiswa nemapoka ethnographic nemapoka evanhu. Anopota achiimba ega uye anoperekedza zvimwe zviridzwa zvechivanhu.

Muimbi wekuUkraine Ruslana paEurovision Song Contest 2004 aisanganisira trembita muchirongwa chake chekuita. Izvi zvinosimbisa chokwadi chekuti Hutsul hwamanda inokodzera zvakakwana mumimhanzi yemazuva ano. Ruzha rwayo runovhura mitambo yenyika yeUkraine, inodaidzawo vagari kuzororo, sezvayakaita mazana emakore apfuura.