Eduard Frantsevich Napravnik |

Eduard Nápravník

Guide. "Harold". Dzikama, mudiwa (M. May-Fiegner)

Napravnik akapinda munhoroondo yemimhanzi yeRussia semutyairi anoshamisa uye munyori ane tarenda. Ane 4 operas, 4 symphonies, orchestral zvidimbu, piano concerto, chamber ensembles, choirs, romances, nziyo dze pianoforte, violin, cello, etc. Somunyori, Napravnik akanga asina unhu hwakajeka hwekusika; mabasa ake anoratidzwa nepesvedzero yevanyori vakasiyana-siyana uye, kupfuura vamwe, naTchaikovsky. Zvisinei, basa rakanakisisa raNapravnik, opera Dubrovsky, rine unyanzvi hukuru hwehutano; Akaunza munyori mukurumbira wakakodzera.

Eduard Frantsevich Napravnik, muCzech nerudzi, akaberekwa Nyamavhuvhu 12 (24), 1839 muBohemia (mumusha weBeishta, padhuze neKenigrets). Baba vake vaiva mudzidzisi wechikoro, mutungamiriri wekwaya yechechi uye munyori wenziyo. Muimbi weramangwana akadzidziswa paOrgan School muPrague. Muna 1861, Napravnik akatamira kuSt. Petersburg, kwaakawana imba yake yechipiri. Makore maviri gare gare akava mudzidzisi uye oganist paMariinsky Theatre. Kubva 1869 kusvika pakuguma kwehupenyu hwake, Napravnik akaramba ari mutungamiriri mukuru weimba iyi yemitambo; akaitawo semutungamiri wemakonzati esymphony yeRussian Musical Society.

PaMariinsky Theatre pasi pekutungamirirwa kweNapravnik, 80 operas dzakadzidzwa uye dzakarongwa. Nepo manejimendi emitambo, achiratidza kuravira kwevatambi vepamusoro, aifarira opera yekuItaly, haana kuneta akasimudzira basa revanyori vekuRussia. Akaronga zvigadzirwa zvekutanga zvema opera naDargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov (Tchaikovsky, Rubinstein, Serov; Opera yaGlinka Ruslan naLyudmila yakatanga kuitwa isina kuchekwa uye yakakanganiswa pasi pebaton yaNapravnik.

Napravnik akaitawo mitambo yake paMariinsky Theatre: The Nizhny Novgorod People (yakasununguka naPI Kalashnikov, 1868), Harold (zvichibva pamutambo waE. Wildenbruch, 1885), uye Dubrovsky (zvichienderana nenyaya yaAS Pushkin, 1894 ) uye "Francesca da Rimini" (zvichienderana nenjodzi naS. Philipps, 1902).

Napravnik akafa muSt. Petersburg musi waNovember 10 (23), 1916.

M. Druskin

• Eduard Napravnik paImperial Russian Opera →

Muimbi weRussia uye kondakita, Czech nenyika, aigara muSt. Akaita yekutanga kugadzirwa kwemaopera akati wandei. Pakati pavo pane "Dombo Guest" naDargomyzhsky (1861); "Pskovite" (1867), "May Night" (1869), "Snow Maiden" (1916) Rimsky-Korsakov; Boris Godunov naMussorgsky (1), The Demon naRubinstein (1872), The Maid of Orleans (1873), The Queen of Spades (1880), Iolanthe (1882) naTchaikovsky; inoshanda naCui, Serov.

Pakati pekutanga kugadzirwa kwemaopera ekunze ndiFaust (1), Carmen (1869), Verdi's Othello (1885) uye Falstaff (1887), Wagner's tetralogy Der Ring des Nibelungen (1894-1900) nevamwe.

Pakati pemabasa eNapravnik, kubudirira kukuru kwakawira paOpera Dubrovsky (1894), iyo yakaramba iri pamatanho emitambo. Pakati pevamwe, tinocherechedza "Francesca da Rimini" (1902, St. Petersburg). Kazhinji, basa raNapravnik semunyori harina kukosha kwakafanana kune tsika yeRussia sebasa rake mumunda wemuitisi.

E. Tsodokov