Mikhail Mikhailovich Ippolitov-Ivanov |
Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov
Paunofunga nezvevanyori veSoviet vezera rekare, iro M. Ippolitov-Ivanov aiva, iwe usingadi kushamiswa nekusiyana-siyana kwebasa ravo rekusika. Uye N. Myaskovsky, uye R. Glier, uye M. Gnesin, uye Ippolitov-Ivanov vakaratidza kushingaira munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana mumakore ekutanga mushure meGreat October Socialist Revolution.
Ippolitov-Ivanov akasangana Mukuru October somunhu akura, akura uye muimbi. Panguva ino, akanga ari musiki wemaopera mashanu, akati wandei ezvinyorwa zvesymphonic, pakati pazvo Caucasian Sketches yakazozivikanwa zvikuru, uyewo munyori wemakwaya anofadza uye erudo akawana vaimbi vakanaka kwazvo mumunhu waF. Chaliapin, A. Nezhdanova. , N. Kalinina, V Petrova-Zvantseva and others. Nzira yekusika yeIppolitov-Ivanov yakatanga muna 1882 muTiflis, kwaakasvika mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza kubva kuSt. Mumakore aya, munyori wechidiki anoshandisa simba rakawanda kushanda (ndiye mutungamiriri weimba yeOpera), anodzidzisa pachikoro chemimhanzi, uye anogadzira mabasa ake ekutanga. Ippolitov-Ivanov's first composting experiments (iyo operas Ruth, Azra, Caucasian Sketches) yakatoratidza maitiro emhando yake yose: melodic melodiousness, lyricism, gravitation kune zviduku zviduku. Runako runoshamisa rweGeorgia, tsika dzevanhu dzinofadza muimbi weRussia. Anofarira ngano dzechiGeorgian, anonyora pasi nziyo dzechivanhu muKakheti muna 1883, uye anodzidzidza.
Muna 1893, Ippolitov-Ivanov akava purofesa paMoscow Conservatory, uko mumakore akasiyana vaimbi vakawanda vanozivikanwa vakadzidza kuumbwa naye (S. Vasilenko, R. Glier, N. Golovanov, A. Goldenweiser, L. Nikolaev, Yu. Engel nevamwe). Kuchinja kwemazana emakore XIX-XX. yakaratidzwa Ippolitov-Ivanov pakutanga kwebasa semutyairi weMoscow Russian Private Opera. Padanho reiyi yemitambo, nekuda kwekunzwa uye mimhanzi yeIppolitov-Ivanov, P. Tchaikovsky's operas The Enchantress, Mazepa, Cherevichki, iyo isina kubudirira mukugadzirwa kweBolshoi Theatre, "yakagadziridzwa". Akaronga zvakare zvigadzirwa zvekutanga zveRimsky-Korsakov's operas (The Tsar's Mwenga, The Tale of Tsar Saltan, Kashchei the Immortal).
Muna 1906, Ippolitov-Ivanov akava wokutanga akasarudzwa mutungamiriri Moscow Conservatory. Mumakore gumi asati achinja, zviitiko zveIppolitov-Ivanov, mutungamiri wemisangano ye symphonic yeRMS nemakonzati eRussian Choral Society, yakazaruka, iyo korona yaive yekutanga kuita muMoscow munaKurume 9, 1913 yeJS. Bach's Matthew Passion. Mhando yezvaanofarira munguva yeSoviet yakafara zvisingaite. Muna 1918, Ippolitov-Ivanov akasarudzwa wekutanga weSoviet rector weMoscow Conservatory. Anoenda kuTiflis kaviri kuti agadzirise zvakare Tiflis Conservatory, ari kondakita weBolshoi Theatre muMoscow, anotungamira kirasi yeopera paMoscow Conservatory, uye anoshandisa nguva yakawanda kushanda nemapoka emateur. Mumakore mamwechete, Ippolitov-Ivanov inogadzira iyo yakakurumbira "Voroshilov March", inoreva kusika nhaka yaM. Mussorgsky - anoronga dariro paSt. Basil's (Boris Godunov), anopedza "The Marriage"; inonyora opera The Last Barricade (chirongwa kubva panguva yeParis Commune).
Pakati pemabasa emakore achangopfuura pane 3 symphonic suites pamadingindira evanhu veSoviet East: "Turkic fragments", "In the steppes of Turkmenistan", "Musical pictures of Uzbekistan". Basa rakawanda reIppolitov-Ivanov muenzaniso unodzidzisa webasa risingafarire kurudzi rwemimhanzi yenyika.
N. Sokolov
Zvinyorwa:
opareta -Pane wreath kuna Pushkin (opera yevana, 1881), Ruth (mushure meAK Tolstoy, 1887, Tbilisi Opera House), Azra (maererano nengano yeMoor, 1890, ibid.), Asya (mushure meIS Turgenev, 1900, Moscow Solodovnikov Theatre), Treason (1910, Zimin Opera House, Moscow), Ole kubva kuNorland (1916, Bolshoi Theatre, Moscow), Muchato (zviito 2-4 kune imwe opera isina kupera naMP Mussorgsky, 1931, Radio Theatre, Moscow ), The Last Barricade (1933); cantata mukurangarira Pushkin (c. 1880); yeorchestra – symphony (1907), Caucasian sketches (1894), Iveria (1895), Turkic fragments (1925), In the steppes of Turkmenistan (c. 1932), Musical mifananidzo yeUzbekistan, Catalan suite (1934), symphonic nhetembo, (1917) c. 1919, Mtsyri, 1924), Yar-Khmel Overture, Symphonic Scherzo (1881), Armenian Rhapsody (1895), Turkic March, Kubva muNziyo dzeOssian (1925), Chikamu kubva muHupenyu hwaSchubert (1928), Jubilee March (yakatsaurirwa kuna K. E Voroshilov, 1931); for balalaika with orc. – zvokufungidzira Pakuungana (c. 1931); chamber instrumental ensembles - piano quartet (1893), tambo quartet (1896), 4 zvidimbu zvevanhu veArmenian. madingindira etambo quartet (1933), Manheru muGeorgia (yembira ine woodwind quartet 1934); zvepiyano - 5 zvidimbu zvidiki (1900), 22 oriental nziyo (1934); ye violin nepiyano – sonata (c. 1880), Romantic ballad; ye cello nepiyano – Kuzivikanwa (c. 1900); yekwaya nenziyo - 5 mifananidzo yehunhu (c. 1900), Hymn to Labor (ine symphony nemweya. orc., 1934); pamusoro pe100 dzerudo nenziyo nokuda kwezwi nepiyano; anopfuura makumi matanhatu anoshandira ensembles ezwi uye kwaya; mimhanzi yemutambo "Ermak Timofeevich" naGoncharov, c. 60); mimhanzi yefirimu "Karabugaz" (1901).
Literary works: Rwiyo rwevanhu vechiGeorgian uye mamiriro ayo azvino, "Artist", M., 1895, No 45 (pane kudhindwa kwakasiyana); Dzidziso yezvinyorwa, kuvaka kwavo uye kugadzirisa, M., 1897; Makore 50 enziyo dzeRussia mundangariro dzangu, M., 1934; Taura nezvekuvandudzwa kwemimhanzi muTurkey, "SM", 1934, No 12; Mazwi mashoma pamusoro pekuimba kwechikoro, "SM", 1935, Nha 2.
