Fugato |

ital. fugato, chaizvo - fugue, fugue-like, kunge fugue

Chimiro chekutevedzera, maererano nenzira iyo dingindira rinoratidzwa (kazhinji zvakare kusimudzira) rine hukama nefugue (1).

Kusiyana nefugue, haina polyphony inoratidzwa zvakajeka. reprises; chinowanzo shandiswa sechikamu chehombe. Mharidzo yakajeka yehurukuro, kutevedzera. kupinda kwemanzwi uye zvishoma nezvishoma densification ye polyphonic. maumbirwo zvisikwa. zvikamu zveP. (P. inogona kutumidzwa chete zviya zvekutevedzera zvine hunhu uhwu; kana vasipo, izwi rekuti "fugue presentation" rinoshandiswa), F. ichimiro chisina kusimba pane fugue: nhamba yemavhoti pano inogona kushanduka (1-th chikamu cheTaneyev's symphony mu c-moll, nhamba 12), dingindira rinogona kusaitwa mumanzwi ese (kutanga kweCredo kubva kuBeethoven's Solemn Mass) kana kuratidzwa nekukurumidza neanopikisa (21st Myaskovsky's symphony, nhamba 1 ); quarto-quint ratios yedingindira nemhinduro zvakajairika, asi kudimburira hakuna kujairika (sumo yechitatu chiitiko cheWagner's opera The Nuremberg Mastersingers; 3st chikamu cheShostakovich's 1th symphony, nhamba 5-17). F. dzakasiyana-siyana muchimiro. Mune akawanda Op. iyo yakanyanya kugadzikana chikamu chefugue, kuratidzwa, inodzokororwa, uyezve, yakajeka-imwe musoro. kutanga kweF., iyo inoparadzanisa zvakajeka kubva mumhanzi wekare, inopesana nekuguma, iyo isina kusiyaniswa kubva c.-l. kuenderera kwakasiyana, kazhinji kusiri-polyphonic (yekupedzisira yepiyano sonata Nha. 19, 6nd kufamba kweBeethoven's symphony No. 2; onawo muenzaniso muchikamu 1).

Mukuwedzera kune kujekesa, F. inogona kunge iine chikamu chakafanana nechikamu chinokura chefugue (kuguma kwequartet yaTchaikovsky No. 2, nhamba 32), iyo inowanzowedzera kuchinjwa kuva sonata development (1st chikamu che quartet yaFrank muD. -dur). Dzimwe nguva, F. inodudzirwa sechivakwa chisina kugadzikana (kaviri F. pakutanga kwekuvandudzwa kwechikamu chekutanga cheTchaikovsky's 1th symphony: d-moll - a-moll - e-moll - h-moll). Application in F. complex contrapuntal. maitiro haana kubviswa (F. neanopikiswa akachengetwa muchikamu chekutanga cheMyaskovsky's 6th symphony, nhamba 1; stretta muF. "Itai kuti vazive kuti simba rinorevei" kubva pachiitiko chechipiri che opera "May Night" naRimsky-Korsakov. ; kaviri F. mumutambo wechipiri weBeethoven's 5th symphony, katatu F. mukumhan'ara kune opera Die Meistersingers yeNuremberg naWagner, bar 13, shanu F. (fugue) mukodha yekupera kweSimphony yaMozart C-dur. Jupiter), zvisinei nekutevedzera kuri nyore. mafomu ndiwo akajairika.

Kana iyo fugue inosiyaniswa nekukwana kwekusimudzira uye art. kusununguka kwechifananidzo, ipapo F. inotora chikamu chepasi muchigadzirwa, umo "inokura mukati".

The most common use of F. in sonata development: dynamic. mikana yekutevedzera inoshanda kugadzirira mhedziso yemusoro mutsva kana chikamu; F. inogona kunge iri munhanganyaya (chikamu chekutanga cheTchaikovsky's 1th symphony), uye nechepakati (6st chikamu cheKalinnikov's 1st symphony) kana predicate zvikamu zvebudiriro (1st chikamu chechina konsati yepiyano. neBeethoven Orchestra) ; Hwaro hwedingindira ivavariro dzakajeka dzechikamu chikuru (madingindira ane mutinhimira echikamu chedivi anowanzo gadziriswa canonically).

AK Glazunov. 6th symphony. Chikamu II.

Kazhinji, F. inowana kushandiswa mune chero chikamu chemimhanzi. prod.: mukuratidzwa nekusimudzirwa kwedingindira (Allegro mukupfuudzira kune opera "The Magic Flute" naMozart; chikamu chikuru mukupfuudza opera "The Bartered Bride" naSmetana), muchikamu (the Mhedziso yeProkofiev's 5th symphony, nhamba 93), reprise (fp sonata h-moll naLiszt), solo cadence (violin concerto naGlazunov), mukusuma (chikamu chekutanga chetambo yechishanu yeGlazunov quartet) uye coda (chikamu chekutanga. yeBerlioz's symphony Romeo naJulia), chikamu chepakati chechimiro chezvikamu zvitatu zvakaoma (iyo aria yeGryaznoy kubva pamutambo wekutanga we opera The Tsar's Bride naRimsky-Korsakov), mu rondo (No 1 kubva kuBach's St. Mateo. Passion); muchimiro cheF., operatic leitmotif inogona kutaurwa ("dingindira revapristi" munhanganyaya kune opera "Aida" naVerdi), nhandare yeopera inogona kuvakwa (No 5 s kubva ku1rd chiitiko che" Prince Igor" naBorodin); dzimwe nguva F. ndeimwe yezvakasiyana (No. 1 kubva kuBach's Goldberg Variations; chorus "The Wonderful Queen of Heaven" kubva pamutambo we36 we opera "The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh uye Maiden Fevronia" naRimsky-Korsakov. , nhamba 20); F. sekuzvimiririra. chidimbu (JS Bach, BWV 3; AF Gedicke, op. 22 No 3) kana chikamu chedenderedzwa (171nd movement yeHindemith's symphoniette muE) haiwanzo. Fomu F. (kana pedyo nayo) yakasimuka mukugadzirwa. chimiro chakasimba chine chekuita nekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekutevedzera, kuvhara manzwi ese.

Josquin Despress. Missa sexti toni (super L'homme armé). Kutanga kwaKyrie.

F. yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muOp. vanyori 17 - 1st floor. Muzana remakore rechi18 (somuenzaniso, mu gigues kubva kune instr. suites, muzvikamu zvinokurumidza zvekupfuura). F. flexibly akashandisa JS Bach, kusvika, semuenzaniso. kunziyo dzekwaya, makunakuna ekufananidzira anoshamisa nemadhirama. kutaura (muNo. 33 "Sind Blitze, sind Donner muWolken verschwunden" uye muNo. 54 "LaЯ ihn kreuzigen" kubva kuMateu Passion). Nokuti kutaura. zvinoreva F. zvinonyatsoratidzwa mukuenzanisa nehomophonic mharidzo, vanyori ve2nd floor. 18 - kupemha. 19th century anoshandisa iyi "chiaroscuro" musiyano munzira dzakasiyana siyana. F. instr. prod. Haydn - nzira ye polyphonizing homophonic thematics (reprise ye 1st chikamu chetambo. Quartet op. 50 No 2); Mozart anoona muF. imwe yenzira dzekuunza sonata uye fugue pedyo (kuguma kweG-dur quartet, K.-V. 387); Basa raF rinowedzera zvakanyanya muOp. Beethoven, iyo inokonzerwa nechishuvo chemunyori wepolyphonization yefomu (kaviri F. mukudzokorora kwechikamu chechipiri che 2rd symphony inowedzera uye inotarisa kutanga kunorwadza). F. muMozart naBeethoven inhengo inokosha mupolyphonic system. zvikamu zvinoumba "hombe yepolyphonic fomu "pamwero wekufamba kumwe (fugueed huru uye mativi emativi mukuratidzwa, chikamu chikamu mukudzokororwa, kutevedzera kusimudzira, stretta coda mukupedzisira kweG-dur quartet, K.-V. . 3 Mozart) kana kutenderera (F. mu 387st , 1nd uye 2th kufamba kwe4th symphony, F. mumusangano wekutanga, unoenderana nefugue yekupedzisira, muBeethoven's piano sonata No 9). Masters ezana ramakore rechi 1, nekugadzira kugadzira zvakawanikwa nevamiriri veViennese classic. zvikoro, kududzira F. nenzira itsva - maererano nepurogiramu ("Hondo" mukutanga kwe "Romeo naJulia" naBerlioz), rudzi (yekupedzisira ye29st chiito che opera "Carmen" naBizet), mufananidzo ( blizzard mumagumo e19. ye opera Ivan Susanin naGlinka) uye fantastically pictorial (mufananidzo wesango rinokura mumutambo we1 we opera The Snow Maiden naRimsky-Korsakov, nhamba 4), zadza F. ne revo itsva yokufananidzira, achiidudzira somufananidzo woudhimoni. kutanga (chikamu "Mephistopheles" kubva muLiszt's Faust Symphony), seratidziro yekufungisisa (sumo ye opera Faust naGounod; sumo yechiito chechitatu che opera Die Meistersingers Nuremberg naWagner), sechokwadi. mufananidzo wehupenyu hwevanhu (sumo yechiitiko chekutanga cheiyo opera "Boris Godunov" naMussorgsky). F. inowana kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana pakati pevanyori vezana remakore rechi3. (R. Strauss, P. Hindemith, SV Rakhmaninov, N. Ya. Myaskovsky, DD Shostakovich nevamwe).

References: ona pasi peArt. Fugue.

VP Frayonov