Janis Andreevich Ivanov (Jānis Ivanovs) |

Janis Ivanovs

Pakati pevatangi veSoviet symphony, imwe yenzvimbo dzakakurumbira inobatwa zvakakodzera naY. Ivanov. Zita rake rinobatanidzwa nekuumbwa uye kubudirira kweLatvia symphony, iyo yaakapa anenge hupenyu hwake hwose hwekusika. Nhaka yaIvanov yakasiyana-siyana mumhando: pamwe chete nesymphonies, akagadzira akati wandei chirongwa symphonic mabasa (nhetembo, overtures, nezvimwewo), 1936 concertos, 3 nhetembo dzekwaya uye orchestra, nhamba yekamuri ensembles (kusanganisira 2 tambo quartets, piano trio. ), nziyo dzepiyano (sonatas, misiyano, kutenderera "Makumi maviri nemana Sketches"), nziyo, mimhanzi yemufirimu. Asi maiva mune symphony iyo Ivanov aizviratidza zvakajeka uye zvizere. Mupfungwa iyi, unhu hwekusika hwemunyori huri pedyo zvikuru naN. Myaskovsky. Tarenda yaIvanov yakagadziridzwa kwenguva yakareba, zvishoma nezvishoma ichivandudza nekuwana zvitsva. Misimboti yehunyanzvi yakaumbwa pahwaro hwechinyakare tsika dzeEurope neRussia, dzakapfumiswa nehunhu hwenyika, kuvimba nengano dzeLatvia.

Mumwoyo wemunyori, chizvarwa chake cheLatgale, nyika yemadziva ebhuruu, kwaakaberekerwa mumhuri yevarombo, inogara yakadhindwa. Mifananidzo yeMotherland yakazorarama muSixth ("Latgale") Symphony (1949), imwe yeakanakisa munhaka yake. Muhuduku hwake, Ivanov akamanikidzwa kuva mushandi wepapurazi, asi nekuda kwekushanda nesimba uye kuzvipira, akakwanisa kupinda muRiga Conservatory, kwaakapedza kudzidza muna 1933 mukirasi yekunyora naJ. Vitols uye mukirasi yekuitisa naG. Shnefogt. Muimbi akapa simba rakawanda kumabasa ekudzidzisa uye ekudzidzisa. Kwemakore anoda kusvika 30 (kusvika 1961) akashanda paredhiyo, munguva yehondo mushure mehondo, akatungamirira hutungamiri hwekutepfenyura kwemimhanzi yeRepublic. Kubatsira kwaIvanov kune dzidzo yevanyori vechidiki muLatvia inokosha. Kubva mukirasi yake yaakadzidzisa kubvira muna 1944, shasha dzakawanda dzenziyo dzokuLatvia dzakabuda: pakati pavo paiva naJ. Karlsone, O. Gravitis, R. Pauls nevamwe.

Nzira yose yehupenyu yaIvanova yakatemwa nemaitiro ekusika, apo ma symphonies ake akava nhanho dzinotungamirira. Kufanana nemimhanzi yaD. Shostakovich, vanogona kunzi "chronicle yenguva." Kazhinji munyori anosuma zvinhu zvehurongwa mavari - anopa tsananguro dzakadzama (Yechitanhatu), mazita kutenderera kana zvikamu zvayo (Yechina, "Atlantis" - 1941; Gumi nembiri, "Sinfonia energica" - 1967; Yegumi nematatu, "Symphonia humana" - 1969), inosiyanisa kutaridzika kwerudzi rwe symphony (yeGumi Nechina, "Sinfonia da kamera" yetambo - 1971; yegumi nematatu, paSt. Z. Purvs, nekutora chikamu kwemuverengi, nezvimwewo), inovandudza chimiro chayo chemukati. . Mavambo emaitiro ekugadzira aIvanov anonyanya kutarisisa rwiyo rwake rwakafara, mavambo ayo ari murwiyo rwechiLatvian, asi zvakare ari padyo nerwiyo rweSlavic.

Iyo symphonism yetenzi weLatvia yakawanda: yakafanana neyeMyaskovsky, inobatanidza matavi ose eRussia symphony - epic uye inoshamisa. Munguva yepakutanga, epic picturesqueness, lyrical genre inokunda mumabasa eIvanov, nekufamba kwenguva, maitiro ake ari kuwedzera kupfumiswa nekukakavadzana, mutambo, kusvika kumagumo enzira kureruka uye huzivi hwakachenjera. Nyika yemimhanzi yeIvanov yakapfuma uye yakasiyana-siyana: heino mifananidzo yezvisikwa, mifananidzo yezuva nezuva, mazwi uye njodzi. Mwanakomana wechokwadi wevanhu vake, munyori wacho akabvuma nomwoyo wose kusuruvara kwavo nomufaro. Imwe yenzvimbo dzakanyanya kukosha mubasa remunyori inotorwa nedingindira revanhu. Nechekare muna 1941, akanga ari wekutanga muLatvia kupindura kune zviitiko zvehondo ne symphony-allegory "Atlantis", uye akazodzamisa iyi dingindira muFifth (1945) uye kunyanya muNinth (1960) symphonies. Ivanov akazovawo piyona mukuburitswa kwedingindira reLeninist, achitsaurira Yegumi nenhatu Symphony kumakore zana ekuyeukwa kwemutungamiriri. Muimbi akagara aine pfungwa yebasa, mutoro wepamusoro wekuguma kwevanhu vake, avo vaakashanda akatendeka kwete chete nekugadzira, asiwo nemabasa ake emagariro. Apo musi waMay 100, 3, rwiyo rwe<em>Twenty-First Symphony rwomunyori, rwakapedzwa nomudzidzi waIvanov J. Karlssons, rwakaitwa muRiga, zvakaonekwa sechipupuriro chenyanzvi huru, “nyaya yake yokupedzisira yemwoyo wose nezvenguva uye nezvake.”

G. Zhdanova