Enrique Granados |

Enrique Granados

Kumutsiridzwa kwemimhanzi yenyika yeSpain kwakabatana nebasa raE. Granados. Kutora chikamu mubato reRenacimiento, iro rakatsvaira nyika pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, kwakapa munyori simba rekugadzira mimhanzi yemhando nyowani. Zviverengero zveRenacimiento, kunyanya vaimbi I. Albeniz, M. de Falla, X. Turina, vakatsvaga kubvisa tsika dzechiSpanish kubva mukumira, kumutsiridza mavambo ayo, uye kusimudza mimhanzi yenyika kusvika pamwero wezvikoro zvepamusoro zvevaimbi veEurope. Granados, pamwe chete nevamwe vanyori veSpain, vakakurudzirwa zvikuru naF. Pedrel, murongi uye mutungamiri wepfungwa weRenacimiento, uyo akatsigira nenzira dzechimbichimbi nzira dzekugadzira mimhanzi yekare yechiSpanish mumanifesto "For Our Music".

Granados akawana zvidzidzo zvake zvekutanga zvemimhanzi kubva kushamwari yababa vake. Nenguva isipi mhuri yakatamira kuBarcelona, ​​​​uko Granados akava mudzidzi wemudzidzisi anozivikanwa X. Pujol (piyano). Panguva imwecheteyo, ari kudzidza kuumbwa naPedrel. Kutenda nerubatsiro rwemubatsiri, jaya rine tarenda rinoenda kuParis. Ikoko akavandudza paimba yekuchengeta naC. Berio mupiyano uye J. Massenet mukuumbwa (1887). Mukirasi yaBerio, Granados akasangana naR. Viñes, gare gare mutambi wepiyano ane mukurumbira wokuSpain.

Mushure mekugara kwemakore maviri muParis, Granados anodzokera kunyika yake. Azere nehurongwa hwekusika. Muna 1892, Spanish Dances ye symphony orchestra inoitwa. Akabudirira kuridza piyano ari oga mukonzati yakaitwa naI. Albeniz, uyo akaitisa “Spanish Rhapsody” yake yepiyano uye orchestra. NaP. Casals, Granados inopa makonti mumaguta eSpain. “Granados muridzi wepiyano akabatanidza mukuridza kwake ruzha rwakapfava uye rune ruzha rune unyanzvi hwakaisvonaka: mukuwedzera, akanga ari nyanzvi yemavara akajeka uye ane unyanzvi,” akanyora kudaro munyori wenziyo wokuSpain, mupiyano uye nyanzvi yemimhanzi H. Nin.

Granados inobudirira kusanganisa kugadzira uye kuita zviitiko nemagariro uye ekudzidzisa. Muna 1900 akaronga Sosaiti yeClassical Concerts muBarcelona, ​​​​uye muna 1901 Academy of Music, iyo yaakatungamirira kusvika pakufa kwake. Granados anotsvaga kukudziridza rusununguko rwekugadzira muvadzidzi vake - vechidiki vanoridza piyano. Anopira zvidzidzo zvake kune izvi. Kugadzira nzira nyowani dzepiyano tekinoroji, anonyora yakakosha bhuku "Pedalization Method".

Chikamu chakakosha chenhaka yekugadzira yeGranados nziyo dzepiyano. Atova muchikamu chekutanga chemitambo "Spanish Dances" (1892-1900), anobatanidza zvinhu zvenyika nemaitiro ekunyora kwemazuva ano. Muimbi wacho akakoshesa zvikuru basa remutambi mukuru weSpain F. Goya. Akashamiswa nemifananidzo yake uye mifananidzo kubva muupenyu hwe "Macho" uye "Mach", munyori akagadzira mitsetse miviri yemitambo inonzi "Goyesques".

Zvichienderana nekutenderera uku, Granados inonyora opera yezita rimwe chete. Rakava basa guru rokupedzisira romunyori. Hondo Yenyika Yekutanga yakanonoka kutanga kwayo muParis, uye munyori wacho akasarudza kuigadzira muNew York. Kuratidzwa kwokutanga kwakaitika muna January 1916. Uye pana March 24, ngarava yepasi pemvura yeGermany yakanyudza ngarava inotakura vanhu muEnglish Channel, iyo Granados yakanga ichidzokera kumusha.

Rufu rwakashata haruna kubvumira munyori kupedzisa zvirongwa zvake zvakawanda. Mapeji akanakisa enhaka yake yekugadzira anokwezva vateereri nerunako uye kudziya kwavo. K. Debussy akanyora kuti: “Handizokanganisi kana ndikataura izvozvo, ndichiteerera Granados, zvinoita sokuti unoona chiso chaunoziva uye chinodiwa kwenguva refu.

V. Ilyeva