Herman Galynin |

Herman Galynin

Ndinofara uye ndinodada kuti Herman akandibata zvakanaka, nekuti ndakava nerombo rakanaka rekumuziva uye kuona kutumbuka kwetarenda rake guru. Kubva mutsamba yakanyorwa naD. Shostakovich

Basa raG. Galynin nderimwe remapeji akajeka emumhanzi weSoviet mushure mehondo. Nhaka yakasiiwa naye idiki muhuwandu, mabasa makuru ndeemunda wekwaya, concerto-symphonic uye chamber-instrumental genres: oratorio "Musikana uye Rufu" (1950-63), 2 concertos piyano uye orchestra ( 1946, 1965), “Epic Nhetembo “yesymphony orchestra (1950), Suite yetambo orchestra (1949), 2 tambo quartets (1947, 1956), Piano trio (1948), Suite yepiyano (1945).

Zviri nyore kuona kuti akawanda emabhuku akanyorwa mukati memakore mashanu a1945-50. Ndiyo nguva yakawanda sei iyo njodzi yakapa Galynin kune yakazara-yakazara okugadzira zvinhu. Muchokwadi, zvese zvinonyanya kukosha munhaka yake zvakagadzirwa mukati memakore ake emudzidzi. Nezvese zvakasarudzika, nhoroondo yehupenyu hwaGalynin inofananidzwa nenyanzvi itsva yeSoviet, chizvarwa chevanhu, iyo yakakwanisa kujoina nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzetsika yenyika.

Imwe nherera yakafirwa nevabereki kare (baba vake vaiva mushandi muTula), pazera remakore 12, Galynin akapedzisira ava muimba yenherera, iyo yakatsiva mhuri yake. Nechekare panguva iyoyo, hunyanzvi hwekuita hwemukomana hwakaratidza: akadhirowa zvakanaka, aive akakosha kutora chikamu mumitambo yemitambo, asi kupfuura zvese aikwezvwa mumhanzi - aiziva zviridzwa zvese zveimba yenherera yezviridzwa zvevanhu, zvakanyorwa nevanhu. nziyo dzake. Akazvarwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka aya, basa rekutanga remuimbi wechidiki - "March" yepiyano rakava rudzi rwekupfuura kuchikoro chemimhanzi kuMoscow Conservatory. Pashure pokudzidza kwegore padhipatimendi rokugadzirira, muna 1938 Galynin akanyoresa mukosi huru.

Munharaunda yehunyanzvi hwechikoro, kwaaitaura nevaimbi vakatanhamara - I. Sposobin (kuwirirana) naG. Litinsky (kuumbwa), tarenda raGalynin rakatanga kukura nesimba rinoshamisa uye nekukurumidza - zvakange zvisiri pasina izvo vamwe vadzidzi vaifunga. ndiye chiremera chikuru cheunyanzvi. Aigara achikara zvese zvitsva, zvinonakidza, zvinoshamisa, zvinogara zvichikwezva shamwari uye vaaishanda navo, mumakore ake echikoro Galynin ainyanya kufarira piyano uye mimhanzi yemitambo. Uye kana piano sonatas uye preludes zvakaratidza kufara kwevechidiki, kuvhurika uye kupusa kwemanzwiro emuimbi wechidiki, ipapo mimhanzi yeM. Cervantes's interlude "The Salamanca Cave" ndeye penchant yekupinza hunhu, chimiro chemufaro wehupenyu. .

Zvakawanikwa pakutanga kwegwara rakaenderera mberi mune rimwe basa raGalynin - kunyanya mumakonti epiyano uye mumhanzi wekomedhi yaJ. Fletcher The Taming of the Tamer (1944). Atova mumakore ake echikoro, munhu wese akashamiswa nemaitiro ekutanga e "Galynin" ekuridza piyano, zvakatonyanya kushamisa nekuti haana kumbobvira anyatsodzidza hunyanzvi hwepiyano. "Pasi peminwe yake, zvinhu zvese zvakava hombe, kurema, kuonekwa ... Muimbi wepiyano uye musiki pano, sokunge zvakadaro, akabatanidzwa kuita chinhu chimwe chete," anoyeuka kudaro mumwe mudzidzi waGalynin A. Kholminov.

Muna 1941, mudzidzi wegore rekutanga weMoscow Conservatory, Galynin, akazvipira kumberi, asi kunyange pano haana kuparadzana nemimhanzi - aitungamirira mabasa eunyanzvi, akanyora nziyo, march, uye kwaya. Mushure memakore matatu chete akadzokera kukirasi yekunyora N. Myaskovsky, uye ipapo - nekuda kwehurwere hwake - akatamira kukirasi yaD. Shostakovich, uyo akatoona tarenda remudzidzi mutsva.

Makore eConservatory - nguva yekuumbwa kwaGalynin semunhu uye muimbi, tarenda rake riri kupinda muzuva rayo. Nziyo dzakanakisa dzenguva ino - Yekutanga Piano Concerto, Yekutanga String Quartet, iyo Piano Trio, iyo Suite yeStrings - yakabva yakwezva vateereri nevatsoropodzi. Makore ekudzidza ane korona nemabasa maviri makuru emunyori - the oratorio "Musikana uye Rufu" (mushure meM. Gorky) uye orchestral "Epic Poem", iyo yakakurumidza kuva repertoire uye yakapiwa Mubayiro weHurumende mu2.

Asi chirwere chakakomba chakanga chakamirira Galynin, uye haana kumubvumira kuti aratidze zvizere tarenda rake. Makore akatevera ehupenyu hwake, akarwisana nechirwere ichi noushingi, achiedza kupa miniti imwe neimwe yakabvutwa kubva kwaari kuenda kumumhanzi waanofarira. Aya ndiwo magadzirirwo akaitwa yechipiri Quartet, yechipiri Piano Concerto, iyo Concerto grosso yepiyano solo, iyo Aria yeViolin uye String Orchestra yakamuka, yekutanga piano sonatas uye oratorio "Musikana uye Rufu" yakagadziriswa, kuita kwayo kwakava chiitiko muhupenyu hwemimhanzi hwema60s.

Galynin akanga ari muimbi weRussia zvechokwadi, ane maonero akadzika, akapinza uye emazuva ano enyika. Sehunhu hwake, mabasa emunyori anokwezva neropa rakazara rakazara, hutano hwepfungwa, zvese zviri mazviri zvakakura, convex, zvakakosha. Mumhanzi waGalynin wakadzama mukufunga, kujeka kwakajeka kune epic, kutaura kwakanaka kunoiswa mairi nekuseka kunotapira uye akapfava, anodzorwa mazwi. Mamiriro enyika ekugadzira anoratidzwawo nekuimba kwenziyo, rwiyo rwakafara, yakakosha "clumsy" system yekubatana uye orchestration, iyo inodzokera kune "zvisina kurongeka" zvaMussorgsky. Kubva pamatanho ekutanga ekugadzira nzira yaGalynin, mimhanzi yake yakava chiitiko chinooneka chetsika yemimhanzi yeSoviet, "nokuti," maererano naE. Svetlanov, "kusangana nemimhanzi yaGalynin nguva dzose musangano nerunako runopfumisa munhu, sechinhu chiri chose. zvakanakisa muunyanzvi”.

G. Zhdanova