Monophony |

monophony - imwe yenzira huru dzekuratidzira mumimhanzi, inoratidzwa nekudzikiswa kweimwe melodic. line. Pasi pemamiriro eO., pfungwa yemimhanzi. prod. zvakazara zvakafanana nechirevo chemutinhimira. Pfungwa dze "O." vari pedyo zvikuru, muzvinhu zvakawanda uye zvakafanana. uye monody; ch yavo. musiyano ndewekuti izwi rekuti "O." inosimbisa pane zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvechiitiko, uye "monody" - iyo yemaitiro.

O. - iyo yakapfava uye saka ndiyo yekutanga nzira yekupa mamuses. pfungwa. Musiyano waMain O. kubva papolyphony ndeuyo mutinhimira mumwe chete. mutsara unofanirwa kunge uine huwandu hwenzira dzemimhanzi. Kubatsira kwaO. - mukukwanisa kutaura kwakazara kwekufunga kuburikidza nerwiyo rumwe chete. Rutivi rwekumashure rwezvakafanana zveO. rinoratidza kusashanda. zvinoreva kushanda chete kune consonance yezvinoverengeka. manzwi, uye kudzikisira kwakabatana kwechikamu chemimhanzi. content. Chokwadi, kuburikidza nezvinonzi. yakavanzika polyphony ("yakavanzika polyphony") muO., unogona kuwana mhedzisiro yepolyphony. full-sound (JS Bach, suites for cello solo), zvisinei, fungidziro yakadaro yepolyphony pamutsara wemonophonic nguva dzose inopa muripo usina kukwana; kunze kweArt. mhedzisiro inokweretwa kubva kune imwe mimhanzi. warehouse, to-rum O. pano, saka, anotevedzera. Yakagadzirwa Prof. tsika inoreva O. (mupfungwa yayo pachayo) muzvimiro zvidiki kana kuti kuwana mavara akasarudzika ekutaura (rwiyo rwaLyubasha "Zvishongedzei nekukurumidza, amai vanodikanwa" kubva pazuva rekutanga re "Mwenga waTsar", rwiyo rwemufambisi wechikepe pakutanga kwe zuva rekutanga "Tristan naIsolde"). Kunyanya kukosha ndiO. muna prof. mimhanzi yenyika dzeEast (kusanganisira Soviet; muenzaniso ndeyeTajik Shashmakom - ona Poppy) uye mamwe asiri eEuropean. tsika umo O. budiriro yakananga. kuenderera mberi kwetsika dzekare. O. inowanikwa mungano dzevanhu vose. Pedyo neO. iripo mafomu emabasa emazuvano. rwiyo uye kutamba mitambo yemhando (zvisinei, mukuongorora kwekupedzisira, iyi haisati iri O., asi polyphony, homophony).

Nhoroondo, pakati pemarudzi ose, O. inoumba danho rekutanga mukugadzirwa kwenyanzvi yepamusoro. tsika dzemimhanzi (mumhanzi weWestern Europe - rwiyo rweGregorian, mimhanzi yenyika yeMiddle Ages; Russian Znamenny chant uye mamwe marudzi emonody). Sezvo kuumbwa kwezvizhinji-zvinangwa. O. Mafomu nemhando zvinosundirwa kumashure uye zvinomira kuvapo sekuzvimiririra. bazi remhosva. G. de Machaux akanga ari wokupedzisira pavanyori vanozivikanwa zvikuru vakanyora mumutauro une musoro mumwe. mimhanzi (yakaparadzana "zvitsuwa" zveO. inowanikwawo gare gare, semuenzaniso, nziyo dzeG. Sachs). Kumutsidzira kwaO., kwatove pahwaro hutsva, mumamiriro ekufunga zvekare zvekare. maitiro eiyo huru-diki tonal system, inoitwa mumimhanzi yezana ramakore rechi20. (C. Debussy, "Syrinx" yenyere solo, 1912; IF Stravinsky, Zvidimbu zvitatu zve solo clarinet, 1919; T. Olah, Sonata ye solo clarinet, 1963).

References: ona pasi pezvinyorwa zvinonzi Melody, Monodia.

Yu. N. Kholopov