Nhoroondo ye baritone

Baritone - chiridzwa chine tambo chakakotamiswa chekirasi yeviol. Musiyano mukuru kubva kune zvimwe zviridzwa zvekirasi iyi ndeyekuti baritone ine tsitsi bourdon tambo. Nhamba yavo inogona kunge yakasiyana - kubva pa9 kusvika ku24. Aya tambo akaiswa pasi pefretboard, sekunge ari munzvimbo. Kuiswa uku kunobatsira kuwedzera ruzha rwetambo huru paunenge uchidziridza neuta. Iwe unogona zvakare kuridza ruzha nechigunwe chako pizzicato. Sezvineiwo, nhoroondo inoyeuka zvishoma nezvechiridzwa ichi.

Kusvikira pakupera kwezana remakore rechi18, yakanga yakakurumbira muEurope. Muchinda weHungary Esterházy aifarira kuridza baritone; vanyori vane mukurumbira Joseph Haydn naLuigi Tomasini vakamunyorera mimhanzi. Sezvo mutemo, zvinyorwa zvavo zvakanyorwa kuridza zviridzwa zvitatu: baritone, cello uye viola.

Tomasini aive muimbi weviolin uye mutungamiriri wechamber orchestra yePrince Estrehazy. Mabasa aJoseph Haydn, akashandawo pasi pekondirakiti mudare remhuri yekwaEsterhazy, aisanganisira kugadzira zvidimbu zvevaimbi vedare. Pakutanga, Haydn akatogamuchira tsiuro kubva kumuchinda nekuda kwekusashandisa nguva yakawanda kunyora nziyo dzechiridzwa chitsva, mushure mezvo munyori akatanga kushanda. Sezvo mutemo, mabasa ose aHaydn aisanganisira zvikamu zvitatu. Chikamu chekutanga chakaridzwa mukunonoka rhythm, chinotevera mukutsanya, kana rhythm yakashandurwa, basa guru rezwi rakawira pabaritone. Zvinotendwa kuti muchinda pachake akaita mimhanzi yebaritone, Haydn akaridza viola, uye muimbi wedare akaridza cello. Kurira kwezviridzwa zvitatu kwakanga kusingawanzoitiki pamimhanzi yepakamuri. Zvinoshamisa kuti tambo dzeuta dzebaritone dzakabatanidzwa sei neviola uye cello, uye tambo dzakabviswa dzakanzwika sekupesana mumabasa ose. Asi, panguva imwe cheteyo, mamwe manzwi akabatanidzwa, uye kwakanga kwakaoma kutsauranisa chimwe nechimwe chezviridzwa zvitatu. Haydn akagadzira zvinyorwa zvake zvese mumhando ye5 mavhoriyamu emabhuku, nhaka iyi yakava pfuma yemuchinda.

Sezvo nguva yakafamba, maitiro ekuridza zviridzwa zvitatu akachinja. Chikonzero ndechekuti muchinda akakura muhunyanzvi hwake hwekuridza chiridzwa chetambo. Pakutanga, nziyo dzese dzaive mukiyi iri nyore, nekufamba kwenguva makiyi achinja. Zvinoshamisa kuti pakazopera Haydn kunyora vhoriyamu yechitatu, Esterhazy akanga atoziva kuridza zvose uta uye pluck, panguva yekushanda akakurumidza kuchinja kubva kune imwe nzira kuenda kune imwe. Asi nokukurumidza muchinda akatanga kufarira rudzi rutsva rwekugadzira. Nekuda kwekuoma kwekutamba baritone uye kusagadzikana kwakabatana nekugadzirisa nhamba yakati wandei yetambo, vakatanga kukanganwa zvishoma nezvake. Kuitwa kwekupedzisira nebaritone kwaiva muna 1775. Ikopi yechiridzwa ichi ichiri muimba yePrince Estrehazy muEisenstadt.

Vamwe vatsoropodzi vanotenda kuti nziyo dzese dzakanyorerwa baritone dzakafanana kune mumwe nemumwe, vamwe vanopokana kuti Haydn akanyora mimhanzi yechiridzwa ichi asingatarisiri kuti iitwe kunze kwemuzinda.