Nhoroondo ye harmonica

harmonica - chiridzwa chetsanga chemumhanzi wemhuri yemhepo. Harmonicas ndeiyi: chromic, diatonic, blues, tremolo, octave, orchestral, methodical, chord.

Kugadzirwa kwe harmonica

MuChina makore akapoteredza 3000 BC midziyo yetsanga yakatanga kugadzirwa. Gare gare, dzakapararira muAsia yose. Muzana ramakore rechi 13, chiridzwa chine machubhu 17 ehukuru hwakasiyana, chakagadzirwa neshenjere, chakauya kuEurope. Mukati mechubhu imwe neimwe maive netsanga dzakagadzirwa nemhangura. Magadzirirwo aya akaedzwa kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwenhengo, asi pfungwa yacho haina kupararira. Muzana remakore rechi19 chete, vagadziri veEurope zvakare vakadzokera kune iyi dhizaini. Christian Friedrich Ludwig Buschmann wekuGermany muna 1821 akagadzira yekutanga harmonica, yaakadana kuti aura. Mugadziri wewachi mukuru akagadzira chivakwa chaive nendiro yesimbi, umo maive nemitsetse gumi neshanu nendimi dzesimbi. Muna 15, tenzi kubva kuBohemia Richter akavandudza chiridzwa, Richter's harmonica yakanga ine maburi gumi netsanga makumi maviri, yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri - inhalation uye exhalation. Chivako chacho chose chakanga chakaitwa nedenderedzwa remusidhari.

Kutanga kwekugadzirwa kwehuwandu

Muna 1857 Matthaas Hohner, mugadziri wewachi wekuGermany kubva kuTrossingen inovhura kambani inogadzira harmonicas. Yakanga iri yekutenda kuna Hohner kuti mhando dzekutanga dzeharmonica dzakaonekwa muNorth America muna 1862, uye kambani yake, inogadzira 700 zviridzwa pagore, yakava mutungamiri wemusika. Makambani eGerman vatungamiriri nhasi, kutumira maturusi kunyika dzakasiyana uye kugadzira mhando nyowani. Semuenzaniso, “El Centenario” yekuMexico, “1'Epatant” yekuFrance uye “Alliance Harp” yekuUK.

Golden Age yeHarmonica

Kubva kuma20 ezana remakore rechi20, nguva yegoridhe ye harmonica inotanga. Mimhanzi yekutanga kurekodha kwechiridzwa ichi muchimiro chenyika uye blues ndeyenguva ino. Aya manyorerwo aive akakurumbira zvekuti akatengeswa nemamiriyoni muAmerica yose. Muna 1923, muAmerican philanthropist Albert Hoxsey akaita makwikwi emimhanzi kune vanoda harmonica. America inonakidzwa nechiridzwa chitsva. Muma1930, zvikoro zveAmerica zvakatanga kudzidzisa kudzidza kuridza chiridzwa ichi chemimhanzi.

Muma1950, nguva yerock and roll inotanga uye harmonica inotonyanya kufarirwa. Iyo harmonica inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana dzemimhanzi: jazz, nyika, blues, vaimbi vanobva kumativi ose enyika vanoramba vachishandisa harmonica mumitambo yavo.