Nhoroondo ye djembe
Djembe chiridzwa chechinyakare chevanhu vekuWest Africa. Ingoma yemapuranga, ine mhango mukati, yakagadzirwa muchimiro chegoblet, ine ganda rakatambanudzwa pamusoro. Iro zita rine mazwi maviri anoratidza zvinhu kubva pazvinogadzirwa: Jamu - muti wakaoma unokura muMali uye Be - dehwe rembudzi.
Djembe mudziyo
Nechinyakare, muviri wedjembe wakagadzirwa nehuni hwakasimba, matanda akaumbwa seawa yeawa, iyo yepamusoro iyo yakakura muhupamhi kupfuura yakaderera. Mukati medhiramu mune mhango, dzimwe nguva dzakatenderedzwa kana dzakaita semadonhwe anochekwa kumadziro kuti inzwi riwedzere. Hardwood inoshandiswa, iyo yakaoma huni, iyo yakaonda masvingo inogona kugadzirwa, uye zviri nani inzwi richava. Membrane iganda rembudzi kana mbizi, dzimwe nguva dehwe kana mhembwe. Yakasungirirwa netambo, marimu kana mabhanhire, iyo inonzwika mhando inoenderana nekukakavadzana. Vagadziri vemazuva ano vanogadzira chishandiso ichi kubva kune glued huni nepurasitiki, izvo zvinonyanya kuderedza mutengo. Nekudaro, zvigadzirwa zvakadaro hazvigone kufananidzwa mukunzwika nemadhiramu echinyakare.
Nhoroondo ye djembe
Iyo djembe inoonekwa sechimbo chevanhu veMali, nyika yakavambwa muzana ramakore re13. Yakapararira kupi kunyika dzeWest Africa. Djembe-kunge madhiramu aripo mune mamwe madzinza eAfrica, akagadzirwa kutenderera 500 AD. Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vakawanda vanofunga kuti Senegal ndiko kwakabva chiridzwa ichi. Vagari vomunharaunda vane ngano pamusoro pemuvhimi akasangana nemweya uchiridza djembe, uyo akataura nezvesimba guru reiyi chiridzwa.
Panyaya yechimiro, dhiramu ndeyechipiri chete kune mutungamiri uye shaman. Mumarudzi mazhinji haana mamwe mabasa. Vaimbi ava vanotova namwari wavo, anomirirwa nemwedzi. Maererano nengano yevamwe vanhu vomuAfrica, Mwari akatanga asika muridzi wengoma, mupfuri wesimbi uye muvhimi. Hapana chiitiko chedzinza chinopera pasina ngoma. Kurira kwayo kunoperekedza michato, mariro, kutamba kwetsika, kuberekwa kwomwana, kuvhima kana kuti hondo, asi chokutanga inzira yokupfuudza nayo mashoko madaro. Nokuridza ngoma, misha yakavakidzana yaikurukura nhau dzichangoburwa kune mumwe nomumwe, yambiro nezvengozi. Iyi nzira yekukurukurirana yainzi "Bush Telegraph".
Maererano nekutsvakurudza, inzwi rekutamba djembe, rakanzwika kure nemakiromita 5-7, rinowedzera usiku, nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemhepo inopisa. Saka, vachipfuudza tsvimbo kubva kumusha nemusha, vairidza ngoma vaigona kuzivisa ruwa rwose. Nguva zhinji maEurope aikwanisa kuona kushanda kwe "bush telegraph". Somuenzaniso, Mambokadzi Victoria paakafa, shoko racho rakaendeswa neredhiyo kuWest Africa, asi kwakanga kusina teregirafu munzvimbo dziri kure, uye mashoko acho akatumirwa nevaimbi vengoma. Nokudaro, mashoko anosuruvarisa akasvika vakuru vakuru mazuva anoverengeka uye kunyange mavhiki pamberi pechiziviso chehurumende.
Mumwe wevaEurope vokutanga vakadzidza kutamba djembe aiva Captain RS Ratray. Kubva kurudzi rweAshanti, akadzidza kuti nerubatsiro rwengoma, vaibudisa zvinosimbisa, kumbomira, makonzonendi uye mavhawero. Morse code haienderane nekuridza ngoma.
Djemba playing technique
Kazhinji djembe inoridzwa yakamira, ichirembera chigubhu nemabhandi anokosha uye ichiisunga pakati pemakumbo. Vamwe vaimbi vanosarudza kutamba vachiri padhiramu recumbent, zvisinei, nenzira iyi, tambo yekusungirira inoparara, membrane inosviba, uye muviri wechiridzwa hauna kugadzirirwa mitoro inorema uye inogona kuputika. Ngoma inoridzwa nemaoko maviri. Kune ma toni matatu: low bass, high, uye mbama kana mbama. Paunenge uchirova pakati pe membrane, mabhesi anotorwa, pedyo nemucheto, ruzha rukuru, uye mbama inowanikwa nekurova zvinyoro kumucheto nemapfupa eminwe.
