Modulation |

kubva lat. modulation - kuyerwa

Shanduko yekiyi nekuchinja kwe tonal centre (tonics). Mumhanzi nhaka, inonyanya kushanda M., yakavakirwa pane harmonic. kinship yemakiyi: chords akajairika kumakiyi anoshanda sevarevereri; kana machords aya akaonekwa, mabasa awo anoongororwazve. Overestimation inokonzerwa nekuonekwa kweharmonics. Kuchinja, hunhu hwekiyi nyowani, uye modulating chord ine inoenderana shanduko inova sarudzo:

Modulation kuburikidza neakajairika triad inogoneka kana kiyi nyowani iri mu1st kana 2nd dhigirii yehukama kune yekutanga (ona. Hukama hwemakiyi). M. mumakiyi arikure asina matriad akajairwa anogadzirwa kuburikidza nemakiyi ane hukama (maererano neimwe kana imwe chirongwa chemodulation):

M. naz. yakagadziridzwa nekugadzirisa kwekupedzisira kana hukama hwe tonic itsva (M. - shanduko). Kusakwana M. kunosanganisira kutsauka (nekudzokera kukiyi huru) uye kupfuura M. (nekuwedzera modulation kufamba).

A special type of functional M. is the enharmonic M. (ona Enharmonism), umo iyo mediating chord inowanikwa kune ese makiyi nekuda kwe enharmonic. tichifungazve maitiro ayo modal. Iyo modulation yakadai inogona kubatanidza zviri nyore tonalities, ichigadzira isingatarisirwe modulation kutendeuka, kunyanya kana anharmonic. shanduko yeinotonga yechinomwe chord kuita yakashandurwa subdominant:

F. Schubert. String Quintet op. 163, chikamu II.

Melodic-harmonic M. inofanira kusiyaniswa kubva kune inoshanda M., iyo inobatanidza matauriro nezwi rinozvitungamirira pasina ruzhinji rwekuyananisa chord. NaM., chromatism inoumbwa mune yepedyo tonality, nepo inoshanda yekubatanidza ichidzoserwa kumashure:

Iyo inonyanya hunhu melodic-harmonic. M. mumakiyi arikure pasina kana basa rekubatanidza. Muchiitiko ichi, anharmonism yekufungidzira dzimwe nguva inoumbwa, iyo inoshandiswa mumhanzi notation kuitira kudzivirira nhamba huru yemavara mune anharmonic yakaenzana kiyi:

Mune monophonic (kana octave) kufamba, melodic M. (pasina kuwirirana) dzimwe nguva inowanikwa, iyo inogona kuenda kune chero kiyi:

L. Beethoven. Sonata yepiyano op. 7, chikamu II

M. pasina chero kugadzirira, nemvumo yakananga ye tonic itsva, inonzi. kusangana kwematoni. Inowanzo shandiswa kana uchienda kune chikamu chitsva chefomu, asi dzimwe nguva inowanikwa mukati mekuvaka:

MI Glinka. Romance "Ndiri pano, Inezilla". Modulation-mapping (shanduko kubva kuG-dur kuenda kuH-dur).

Kubva pane tonal M. inofungidzirwa pamusoro apa, zvakakosha kusiyanisa modal M., umo, pasina kushandura tonic, kungoshanduka chete mukurerekera kwechimiro mukiyi imwechete inoitika.

Shanduko kubva padiki kuenda kuhukuru inonyanya hunhu hweIS Bach's cadences:

JC Bach. The Well-Tempered Clavier, vol. Ini, nhanganyaya muna d-moll

Shanduko yakadzoserwa inowanzo shandiswa semubatanidzwa we tonic triads, ichisimbisa diki modal coloring yeiyo yekupedzisira:

L. Beethoven. Sonata yepiyano op. 27 Kwete 2, chikamu I.

M. vane chirevo chakakosha. zvinoreva mumhanzi. Vanopfumisa mutinhimira uye kuwirirana, vanounza mavara akasiyana-siyana, vanowedzera hukama hwemachords, uye vanobatsira kusimba remuses. budiriro, kuwanda kwakawanda kwehunyanzvi. content. Mukuvandudza modulation, kuwirirana kunoshanda kwema tonalities kwakarongwa. Basa raM. mukuumbwa kwemimhanzi rakakosha zvikuru. basa rose uye maererano nezvikamu zvaro. Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzeM. dzakagadzirwa mukuita kwenhoroondo. kukura kwekuwirirana. Nekudaro, yatova yekare monophonic Nar. nziyo dzine mutinhimira. modulation, inoratidzwa mukushandurwa kwematoni ereferenzi eiyo modhi (ona Variable mode). Modulation matekiniki anonyanya kuratidzwa neimwe kana imwe muses. style.

References: Rimsky-Korsakov HA, Practical textbook of harmony, 1886, 1889 (in Poln. sobr. soch., vol. IV, M., 1960); Nzira inoshanda mukuwirirana, vol. 1-2, M., 1934-35 (Munyori: I. Sopin, I. Dubovsky, S. Yevseev, V. Sokolov); Tyulin Yu. N., Textbook of harmony, M., 1959, 1964; Zolochevsky VH, Pro-modulation, Kipp, 1972; Riemann H., Systematische Modulationslehre als Grundlage der musikalischen Formenlehre, Hamb., 1887 (mushanduro yechiRussian - Dzidziso yakarongeka yemodulation sehwaro hwemafomu emimhanzi, M., 1898, Nov. ed., M., 1929) .

Yu. N. Tyulin