Orlando di Lasso |

Orlando di Lasso

Lasso. "Salve Regina" (Tallis Nyanzvi)

O. Lasso, akararama panguva imwe cheteyo nePalestrina, ndomumwe wevanyori vane mukurumbira uye vane mukurumbira zvikuru vezana remakore re2th. Basa rake raiyemurwa pasi rose muEurope yose. Lasso akaberekerwa mudunhu reFranco-Flemish. Hapana chaicho chinozivikanwa nezvevabereki vake uye achiri mudiki. Iyo chete ngano yakasara yekuti Lasso, akazoimba mukwaya yevakomana yechechi yeSt. Nicholas, akapambwa katatu nokuda kwezwi rake rinoshamisa. Pazera remakore gumi nemaviri, Lasso akagamuchirwa mubasa reViceroy weSicily, Ferdinando Gonzaga, uye kubva ipapo hupenyu hwemuimbi wechidiki hwakazadzwa nekufamba kune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri kure dzeEurope. Achiperekedza mutsigiri wake, Lasso anoita rwendo rumwe mushure meimwe: Paris, Mantua, Sicily, Palermo, Milan, Naples uye, pakupedzisira, Roma, kwaanova mukuru wechapel yeCathedral yeSt. John (zvinokosha kuti Palestrina ichaita tora iyi post makore XNUMX gare gare). Kuti atore nzvimbo iyi ine mutoro, muimbi aifanira kuva nechiremera chinodiwa. Zvisinei, Lasso nokukurumidza aifanira kubva muRoma. Akafunga kudzokera kumusha kwake kuti anoona hama dzake, asi achisvika ikoko haana kuzovawana vari vapenyu. Mumakore akazotevera, Lasso akashanyira France. England (prev.) uye Antwerp. Kushanya kuAntwerp kwakaratidzwa nekuburitswa kwekutanga kuunganidzwa kwemabasa aLasso: aya aive mashanu-chikamu uye matanhatu-chikamu motets.

Muna 1556, shanduko yakauya muhupenyu hwaLasso: akagamuchira kukokwa kuti apinde mudare raDuke Albrecht V weBavaria. Pakutanga, Lasso akagamuchirwa kuimba yeDuke semutambi, asi makore mashoma gare gare akazove mutungamiriri chaiye wechapel. Kubva ipapo, Lasso anga achigara zvachose muMunich, uko kwaigara duke. Mabasa ake aisanganisira kupa mimhanzi yenguva dzese dzakasimba dzehupenyu hwedare, kubva kushumiro yekereke yemangwanani (iyo Lasso yakanyorera mapolyphonic massa) kuenda kune dzakasiyana siyana kushanya, mhemberero, kuvhima, nezvimwe. Sezvo ari mukuru wekereke, Lasso akazvipira nguva yakawanda yedzidzo yekwaya uye raibhurari yemimhanzi. Mumakore aya, hupenyu hwake hwakatora hunhu hwakadzikama uye hwakachengeteka. Kunyange zvakadaro, kunyange panguva ino anoita dzimwe nzendo (somuenzaniso, muna 1560, nemurairo wemukuru, akaenda kuFlanders kuti anotora vaimbi vekwaya yechechi).

Mukurumbira waLasso wakakura zvose kumba uye kure kure. Akatanga kuunganidza uye kuronga nziyo dzake (basa revaimbi vedare venguva yeLasso raienderana nehupenyu hwedare uye rainyanya kukonzerwa nezvinodiwa kunyora "kana"). Mumakore aya, mabasa aLasso akabudiswa muVenice, Paris, Munich, uye Frankfurt. Lasso akaremekedzwa nenziyo dzechido "mutungamiri wevaimbi, Orlando mwari." Basa rake rokushingaira rakapfuurira kusvikira makore okupedzisira chaiwo oupenyu hwake.

Creativity Lasso yakakura zvose muhuwandu hwemabasa uye mukuvharidzirwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana. Muimbi akafamba muEurope yese uye akajairana netsika dzemimhanzi dzenyika zhinji dzeEurope. Akasangana nevaimbi vakawanda vakatanhamara, maartist, vadetembi Renaissance. Asi chinhu chikuru chaiva chokuti Lasso akafananidzwa nyore uye organically akadzora rwiyo uye mhando yemimhanzi kubva kunyika dzakasiyana mubasa rake. Aive muimbi wepasi rese zvechokwadi, kwete nekuda kwekuzivikanwa kwake kunoshamisa, asiwo nekuti ainzwa akasununguka mukati memaitiro emitauro yakasiyana-siyana yeEurope (Lasso akanyora nziyo muchiItaly, chiGerman, chiFrench).

Basa raLasso rinosanganisira ese ari maviri emhando dzechitendero (anenge mazana matanhatu evazhinji, zvishuwo, magnificats) uye yenyika mimhanzi genres (madrigals, nziyo). Nzvimbo yakakosha mubasa rake inogarwa nemotet: Lasso akanyora approx. 600 motets, zvakasiyana zvakanyanya mune zvemukati.

Pasinei nekufanana kwemhando, mimhanzi yaLasso inosiyana zvakanyanya kubva mumhanzi wePalestrina. Lasso ine hutongi hwejekerere uye ine hupfumi mukusarudza nzira: mukusiyana nerumwe rwiyo rwePalestrina, madingindira eLasso akanyanya kupfupika, maitiro uye ega. Inyanzvi yeLasso inoratidzirwa nemufananidzo, dzimwe nguva mumweya weRenaissance artists, kusiyana kwakasiyana, konkriti uye kupenya kwemifananidzo. Lasso, kunyanya munziyo, dzimwe nguva inokwereta zvakananga zvirongwa kubva kuhupenyu hwakapoteredza, uye pamwe chete nehurongwa, kutamba mitambo yenguva iyoyo, mazwi ake. Hwaiva hunhu hwemimhanzi yaLasso hwakaita kuti ave mufananidzo mupenyu wenguva yake.

A. Pilgun