Yakov Vladimirovich Flier |

Yakov Flier

Yakov Vladimirovich Flier akaberekerwa muOrekhovo-Zuevo. Mhuri yepiyano yeramangwana yakanga iri kure nemimhanzi, kunyange zvazvo, sezvaakazoyeuka, aidiwa zvikuru mumba. Baba vaFlier vaiva mhizha ine mwero, mugadziri wewachi, uye amai vake vaiva amai vemba.

Yasha Flier akaita nhanho dzake dzekutanga muunyanzvi anenge akazvidzidzisa. Pasina rubatsiro rwemumwe munhu, akadzidza kutora nenzeve, akazvimiririra akafunga kuoma kwemimhanzi notation. Zvisinei, gare gare mukomana akatanga kupa zvidzidzo zvepiyano kuna Sergei Nikanorovich Korsakov - munyori akakurumbira, pianist uye mudzidzisi, anozivikanwa "mumhanzi wechiedza" weOrekhovo-Zuev. Maererano nememoirs yaFlier, nzira yekudzidzisa yepiyano yeKorsakov yaisiyaniswa neimwe mavambo - yaisaziva zvikero, kana maekisesaizi anodzidzisa, kana kudzidziswa kweminwe.

• Piano mimhanzi muchitoro chendaneti OZON.ru

Dzidzo yemimhanzi uye kukura kwevadzidzi kwaingobva pane zveunyanzvi uye zvekutaura. Mazana emitambo yakasiyana-siyana isina kuoma nevanyori vekuWestern Europe neRussia yakadzokororwa mukirasi yake, uye zvinyorwa zvavo zvenhetembo zvakaratidzwa kuvaimbi vadiki muhurukuro dzinonakidza nemudzidzisi. Izvi, zvamazvirokwazvo, zvaiva nezvazvakanakira nezvazvakaipira.

Zvisinei, kune vamwe vevadzidzi, vane zvipo zvikuru zvakasikwa, iyi nzira yebasa raKorsakov yakaunza migumisiro inobatsira zvikuru. Yasha Flier zvakare akafambira mberi nekukurumidza. Gore nehafu yezvidzidzo zvakanyanya - uye akatosvika paMozart's sonatinas, madiki madiki naSchumann, Grieg, Tchaikovsky.

Pazera remakore gumi nerimwe, mukomana akagamuchirwa kuCentral Music School kuMoscow Conservatory, uko GP Prokofiev akatanga kuva mudzidzisi wake, uye gare gare SA Kozlovsky. In Conservatory, umo Yakov Flier akapinda muna 1928, KN Igumnov akava mudzidzisi wake piyano.

Zvinonzi mumakore ake emudzidzi, Flier haana kumira zvakanyanya pakati pevadzidzi vake. Chokwadi, vaitaura nezvake neruremekedzo, vakapa mutero kune yake yerupo ruzivo rwechisikigo uye yakasarudzika tekinoroji dexterity, asi vashoma vangadai vakafungidzira kuti uyu jaya dema-bvudzi dema - mumwe wevazhinji mukirasi yaKonstantin Nikolayevich - aifanira kuzova murwi. muimbi ane mukurumbira mune ramangwana.

Muchirimo cha1933, Flier akakurukura naIgumnov purogiramu yehurukuro yake yekupedza kudzidza - mumwedzi mishomanana aizopedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory. Akataura nezveRachmaninov's Third Concerto. "Hongu, wakangozvikudza," akadaro Konstantin Nikolaevich. "Unoziva here kuti tenzi mukuru chete ndiye anogona kuita chinhu ichi?!" Flier akamira zvakasimba, Igumnov akanga asingakanganisi: "Ita sezvaunoziva, dzidzisa zvaunoda, asi ndapota, wozopedzisa chivako chega," akagumisa hurukuro.

Ini ndaifanira kushanda paRachmaninov Concerto panjodzi yangu uye nenjodzi, pachivande. Muzhizha, Flier anenge asina kusiya chiridzwa. Akadzidza nekunakidzwa uye nechido, asina kujaira kwaari kare. Uye mukudonha, mushure mezororo, apo magonhi ekuchengetedza akazaruka zvakare, akakwanisa kunyengetedza Igumnov kuti ateerere konsato yaRachmaninov. "Zvakanaka, asi chikamu chekutanga chete ..." Konstantin Nikolayevich akabvuma, akagara pasi kuti aperekedze piyano yechipiri.

Flier anoyeuka kuti akanga asinganyanyi kufara sepazuva iroro risingakanganwiki. Igumnov akateerera akanyarara, asingakanganisi mutambo neshoko rimwe chete. Chikamu chekutanga chasvika kumagumo. "Uchiri kutamba here?" Haana kucheuka musoro akabvunza. Zvechokwadi, munguva yezhizha zvikamu zvose zveRachmaninov's triptych zvakadzidzwa. Pakarira ruzha rwemapeji ekupedzisira ekupedzisira, Igumnov akabva asimuka pachigaro chake uye, pasina kana shoko raakataura, akabva mukirasi. Haana kudzoka kwenguva yakareba, nguva yakarebesa yaFlier. Uye munguva pfupi nhau dzinoshamisa dzakapararira dzakatenderedza nzvimbo yekuchengetedza: purofesa akaonekwa achichema mukona yakavanzika yemukoridho. Saka akamubata ipapo Flierovskaya mutambo.

Kuongorora kwokupedzisira kwaFlier kwakaitika muna January 1934. Maererano netsika, Small Hall yeConservatory yakanga yakazara nevanhu. Nhamba yekorona yepurogiramu ye diploma yemupiyano wechidiki yaiva, sezvaitarisirwa, concerto yaRachmaninov. Kubudirira kwaFlier kwaive kwakakura, kune vazhinji veavo vaivepo - zvinokatyamadza. Zvakaona zvakaona zvinoyeuka kuti apo jaya, rapedza chord yekupedzisira, rakasimuka kubva pachiridzwa, kwenguva dzinoverengeka kunyarara kwakakwana kwakatonga pakati pevateereri. Ipapo runyararo rwakabva rwadamburwa nekuombera maoko kwakadai kusina kurangarirwa apa. Ipapo, “apo koniti yeRachmaninoff yakazunungusa horo yakapera, apo chinhu chiri chose chakanyarara, chakaterama uye vateereri vakavamba kutaura pakati pavo vamene, vakacherekedza kuti vakanga vachitaura nekazevezeve. Chimwe chinhu chikuru uye chakakomba chakaitika, icho horo yose yakapupurira kwachiri. Vateereri vane ruzivo vakagara pano - vadzidzi vezvekuchengetedza uye mapurofesa. Vaitaura zvino nezwi risinganzwisisike, vachitya kuvhundutsira zvavo mufaro wavo. (Tess T. Yakov Flier // Izvestia. 1938. June 1.).

Koniti yekupedza kudzidza yakakunda zvikuru Flier. Vamwe vakatevera; kwete imwe, kwete mbiri, asi nhevedzano yakaisvonaka yerukundo mukati memakore mashomanene. 1935 - shasha pamakwikwi eChipiri All-Union Makwikwi eVaimbi Vanoridza muLeningrad. Kwapera gore - kubudirira paInternational Competition muVienna (mubairo wekutanga). Ipapo Brussels (1938), bvunzo yakakosha kune chero muimbi; Flier ane mubairo wechitatu unoremekedzwa pano. Kusimuka kwacho kwaityisa - kubva pakubudirira mubvunzo dzeConservative kusvika kune mukurumbira pasi rose.

Flier ikozvino ine vateereri vayo, yakakura uye yakazvipira. "Flierists", sekudanwa kwaiitwa vateveri vemuimbi mumakore makumi matatu, vakazadza mahoro mukati memazuva emitambo yake, vakapindura nechido kuhunyanzvi hwake. Chii chakakurudzira muimbi wechidiki?

Yechokwadi, isingawanzo shungu yeruzivo - chekutanga pane zvese. Kuridza kwaFlier kwaive kukwezva kwechido, nzira ine ruzha, mutambo unofadza wechiitiko chemumhanzi. Kusafanana nomumwe munhu, akakwanisa kukwezva vateereri no“kuvhunduka, kusimba kwokunzwika, kusimuka pakarepo, sokunge kuti mafungu anopupuma furo” (Alshwang A. Soviet Zvikoro zvePianoism // Sov. Music. 1938. No. 10-11. P. 101.).

Zvechokwadi, aifanirawo kuva akasiyana, kuti aenderane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemabasa akaitwa. Uye zvakadaro hunyanzvi hwake hwemoto hwakanga hwakanyanya kuenderana nezvakanyorwa muzvinyorwa nemashoko Furioso, Concitato, Eroico, con brio, con tutta Forza; kwaakaberekerwa ndiko kwaitonga fortissimo uye kushushikana kwemoyo mumhanzi. Panguva dzakadai, ainyatsokwezva vateereri nesimba reunhu hwake, nekutsunga kusingakundiki uye kwakashata akaisa muteereri pasi pekuda kwake kuita. Uye saka "zvakaoma kuramba mugadziri, kunyangwe dudziro yake isingaenderane nepfungwa dziripo" (Adzhemov K. Romantic Gift // Sov. Music. 1963. No. 3. P. 66.), anodaro mumwe mutsoropodzi. Mumwe anoti: “Wake (Fliera. VaC.) kutaura kunosimudzira rudo kunowana simba rakakosha rekukurudzira panguva dzinoda kukakavara kukuru kubva kumuiti. Yakazadzwa neoratorical pathos, inozviratidza zvine simba mumarejista akanyanyisa ekutaura. (Shlifshtein S. Soviet Laureates // Sov. Music. 1938. Nha. 6. P. 18.).

Kushingairira dzimwe nguva kwaiita kuti Flier aite manyawi. Mu frenzied accelerando, zvaimbove kuti pfungwa yechiyero yakarasika; kumhanya kunoshamisa kwaidiwa nomuridzi wepiyano hakuna kumubvumira kuti anyatso “kududza” mashoko enziyo, kwakamumanikidza “kuti aderedze” nhamba yemashoko anonyatsooneka” (Rabinovich D. Vatatu vakahwina // Sov. art. 1938. 26 Kubvumbi). Zvakaitika izvo zvakasvibisa jira remimhanzi uye zvakanyanya kuwanda pedalization. Igumnov, uyo asina kumboneta nekudzokorora kuvadzidzi vake: "Muganho wekukurumidza kukurumidza kugona kunyatsonzwa ruzha rwese" (Milstein Ya. Kuita uye pedagogical nheyo dzeKN Igumnov // Masters echikoro cheSoviet pianistic. - M., 1954. P. 62.), - kanopfuura kamwe akarayira Flier "kudzikamisa hunhu hwake dzimwe nguva huchifashukira, zvichiita kuti aite tempos inokurumidza zvisingaite uye dzimwe nguva kunzwika kuremerwa" (Igumnov K. Yakov Flier // Sov. Music. 1937. No. 10-11. P. 105.).

Izvo zvinozivikanwa zveFlier's artic nature semutambi zvakanyanya kufanoronga repertoire yake. Mumakore ehondo isati yatanga, pfungwa dzake dzakanga dzakanangana neverudo (kunyanya Liszt naChopin); akaratidzawo kufarira zvikuru Rachmaninov. Apa ndipo paakawana kuita kwake kwechokwadi “basa”; maererano nevatsoropodzi vemakore makumi matatu, kududzira kwaFlier kwemabasa evanyori ava kwaive neruzhinji "yakananga, hukuru hwehunyanzvi" (Rabinovich D. Gilels, Flier, Oborin // Mimhanzi. 1937. Oct.). Uyezve, ainyanya kuda dhimoni, infernal Leaf; mhare, akashinga Chopin; Rachmaninov akatsamwa zvikuru.

Muridzi wepiyano akanga ari pedyo kwete chete nenhetembo uye nyika yekufananidzira yevanyori ava. Akafadzwawo nemaitiro avo anoyevedza ekushongedza piyano - iyo inopenya yakawanda yezvipfeko zvakashongedzwa, humbozha hwekushongedza piano, izvo zviri muzvarirwo muzvisikwa zvavo. Zvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi hazvina kumunetsa zvakanyanya, mazhinji acho akakunda pasina kuedza kunooneka, nyore uye nemusikirwo. “Maitirwo emupepereti akakura uye madiki anoshamisa zvakaenzana… Muridzi wepiyano wechidiki asvika pachinhanho chekunaka apo kugona kwehunyanzvi pachako kunova manyuko erusununguko rwehunyanzvi” (Kramskoy A. Art iyo inofadza // Soviet art. 1939. Jan. 25).

Nguva yehunhu: zvinokwanisika kutsanangura nzira yeFlier panguva iyoyo se "isingaonekwi", kutaura kuti akapihwa basa rebasa muunyanzvi hwake.

Kusiyana neizvi, chaive hunhu hwekushinga uye ushingi, kudada pachena kwesimba rayo pamusoro pezvinhu, kupenya zvakajeka mubravura, kumisa pianistic canvases.

Vakare-nguva dzemakonti emakonti vanoyeuka kuti, achitendeukira kune classics muhuduku hwake, muimbi, willy-nilly, "akavaitira rudo". Dzimwe nguva aitoshorwa: "Flier haazvishandure zvizere mu "system" yemanzwiro kana ichiitwa nevanyori vakasiyana" (Kramskoy A. Art iyo inofadza // Soviet art. 1939. Jan. 25). Tora, semuenzaniso, dudziro yake yeBeethoven's Appasionata. Nezvose zvinofadza izvo mutambi wepiyano akaunza ku sonata, kududzira kwake, maererano nevemazuva ano, hazvina kumboshandiswa seyero yemaitiro akasimba echinyakare. Izvi zvakaitika kwete naBeethoven chete. Uye Flier aizviziva. Hazvisi zvetsaona kuti nzvimbo ine mwero kwazvo mune yake repertoire yakagarwa nevanyori vakadai saScarlatti, Haydn, Mozart. Bach akamiririrwa mune ino repertoire, asi kunyanya nehurongwa uye zvinyorwa. Muridzi wepiyano haana kutendeukira kazhinji kuna Schubert, Brahms zvakare. Muchidimbu, mumabhuku iwayo umo maitiro anoshamisa uye anobata, yakakura pop scope, hukasha hwemoto, rupo rwakanyanya rwemanzwiro akave akakwana mukubudirira kwekuita, aive muturikiri anoshamisa; uko kuverenga kunovaka chaiko kwaidiwa, ongororo yehungwaru-huzivi dzimwe nguva yairatidza kuti yakanga isiri paukwiriri hwakadaro. Uye kutsoropodza kwakasimba, kupa mutero kune zvaakakwanisa kuita, hazvina kufunga kuti zvakakodzera kunzvenga chokwadi ichi. “Kukundikana kwaFlier kunotaura chete nezvehudiki hunozivikanwa hwezvishuvo zvake zvekusika. Panzvimbo pekugara achiwedzera repertoire yake, achinatsiridza hunyanzvi hwake nekupinda kwakadzama mumataera akasiyana, uye Flier ane zvakawanda kupfuura chero ani zvake kuti aite izvi, anozviganhurira kune inopenya uye yakasimba, asi yakati wandei maitiro ekuita. (Munzvimbo yemitambo vanoti mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kuti muimbi haaiti basa, asi iye pachake) " (Grigoriev A. Ya. Flier // Soviet Art. 1937. 29 Sept.). "Kusvika pari zvino, mukuita kwaFlier, tinowanzonzwa hukuru hukuru hwetarenda rake repiyano, pane chiyero chekudzika, kuzere nehuzivi hwepfungwa." (Kramskoy A. Art iyo inofadza // Soviet art. 1939. Jan. 25).

Zvichida kutsoropodza kwacho kwaiva kwechokwadi uye kwakaipa. Kodzero, kutsigira kuwedzera kweiyo Flier's repertoire, yekuvandudza nyika itsva dzezvimiro nemuimbi wepiyano, kuti awedzere kuwedzera kwehunyanzvi hwake uye nhetembo horizons. Panguva imwe cheteyo, haana kururama chose chose mukupa mhaka jaya nokuda kwe“mwero wakadzama, wakakwana wouzivi hwepfungwa” husina kukwana. Vaongorori vakafunga zvakawanda - uye maficha ehunyanzvi, uye maitiro ehunyanzvi, uye kuumbwa kweiyo repertoire. Kukanganwa dzimwe nguva chete nezvezera, ruzivo rwehupenyu uye chimiro chemunhu wega. Haasi munhu wose akarongerwa kuberekwa ari muzivi; hunhu hunogara huripo ndinoiitawo chinhu uye Minus chimwe chinhu.

Hunhu hwekuita kwaFlier hunenge husina kukwana pasina kutaura chimwe chinhu. Muridzi wepiyano akakwanisa mukududzira kwake kuisa pfungwa zvachose pamufananidzo wepakati wekuumbwa, pasina kuvhiringidzwa nezvikamu zvechipiri, zvechipiri; akakwanisa kuratidza uye mumvuri mukuzorodza kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwemufananidzo uyu. Sezvo mutemo, kududzirwa kwake kwezvidimbu zvepiyano kwakafanana nemifananidzo yekurira, iyo yaiita seyaionekwa nevateereri vari kure; izvi zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuona zvakajeka "mberi", kuti unzwisise zvisiri izvo chinhu chikuru. Igumnov aigara achiifarira: "Flier," akanyora kudaro, "inoshuva, kutanga kune zvose, kutendeseka, organicity yebasa rakaitwa. Anonyanya kufarira mutsara mukuru, anoedza kuisa pasi pese kuratidzwa kwehupenyu hwezvinoita sezviri pachena kwaari izvo chaizvo zvebasa. Naizvozvo, haadi kupa kuenzana kune chimwe nechimwe kana kuti kudonhedza mamwe acho kukuvadza kwese.

… Chinhu chinopenya zvikuru, – Konstantin Nikolayevich akagumisa, – tarenda raFlier rinoratidzwa paanotora machira mahombe… Anobudirira mukuvandudza-rwiyo uye zvidimbu zvehunyanzvi, asi anoridza mazurkas aChopin uye waltzes asina simba kupfuura zvaaigona! Pano iwe unoda iyo filigree, iyo zvishongo zvekupedzisa, izvo zvisiri pedyo nechimiro cheFlier uye chaachiri kuda kuvandudza. (Igumnov K. Yakov Flier // Sov. Music. 1937. No. 10-11. P. 104.).

Chokwadi, mabasa makuru epiyano akaumba hwaro hweFlier's repertoire. Tinokwanisa kudoma kanenge kaA-major concerto uye ese ari maviri Liszt's sonatas, Schumann's Fantasy uye Chopin's B-flat minor sonata, Mussorgsky's Beethoven's "Appassionata" uye "Mifananidzo paChiratidziro", iyo yakakura cyclic mafomu eRavel, Khachaturian, Prokochaevskiy, T. , Rachmaninov nevamwe vanyori. Repertoire yakadaro, hongu, haina kuitika netsaona. Izvo zvinodikanwa zvakatemwa nemimhanzi yemafomu makuru zvinoenderana nezvakawanda zvechipo chechisikigo uye bumbiro rehunyanzvi reFlier. Yakanga iri mukuvakwa kwenzwi rakafara uko kusimba kwechipo ichi kwakanyatso kuratidzwa (chamupupuri, rusununguko rwekufema zvine mutinhimira, hukuru hwakasiyana), uye ... dzisina kusimba dzakavanzwa (Igumnov akataura nezvayo maererano nediki-diki raChopin).

Kupfupikisa, tinosimbisa: kubudirira kwatenzi wechidiki kwaive kwakasimba nokuti vakakunda kubva muhuwandu, vateereri vakakurumbira vakazadza mahoro emakonti mumakore makumi maviri nemakumi matatu. Veruzhinji vakafadzwa zvakajeka nekuita kwaFlier, shungu uye ushingi hwemutambo wake, unyanzvi hwake hwakasiyana-siyana, hwakanga huri pamwoyo. "Uyu mutambi wepiyano," GG Neuhaus akanyora panguva iyoyo, "achitaura kuvanhu vakawanda nemutauro wakashata, unoshingaira, unogutsa, unonzwisisika kunyange kumunhu asina ruzivo rwemimhanzi" (Neigauz GG Kukunda kwevaimbi veSoviet // Koms. Pravda 1938. Chikumi 1.).

…Zvino pakarepo dambudziko rakauya. Kubva pakupera kwa1945, Flier akatanga kunzwa kuti chimwe chinhu chakanga chisina kumira zvakanaka noruoko rwake rworudyi. Zvinocherechedzwa kushaya simba, kurasikirwa kwekuita uye dexterity yeimwe yeminwe. Vanachiremba vakanga vapererwa, uye panguva iyi, ruoko rwakanga ruchiwedzera kuipa. Pakutanga, mutambi wepiyano akaedza kubiridzira nemunwe. Akabva atanga kusiya zvidimbu zvepiyano zvisingatsungiririki. Repertoire yake yakakurumidza kuderedzwa, nhamba yemitambo yakaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Pakazosvika 1948, Flier anongotora nguva neapo mumakonzati akavhurika, uye kunyangwe ipapo kunyanya mumadekwana ane mwero-ensemble manheru. Anoita kunge ari kupera mumimvuri, arasika kuona vanoda mimhanzi…

Asi Flier-mudzidzisi anozvitaura achishevedzera uye zvakanyanya mumakore ano. Amanikidzwa kurega kubva pachikuva chekonzati, akazvipira chose chose kudzidzisa. Akakurumidza kufambira mberi; pakati pevadzidzi vake paiva naB. Davidovich, L. Vlasenko, S. Alumyan, V. Postnikova, V. Kamyshov, M. Pletnev… Kuzivana, kunyange kupfupi, nemaonero ake padzidzo yevaimbi vechidiki, pasina mubvunzo, kunonakidza uye kunodzidzisa.

“… Chinhu chikuru,” akadaro Yakov Vladimirovich, “ndechokubatsira mudzidzi kuti anzwisise zvakarurama uye zvakadzama sezvinobvira chinonzi chinangwa chikuru chenhetembo (pfungwa) yechinyorwa chacho. Nokuti chete kubva kunzwisiso dzakawanda dzepfungwa dzakawanda dzenhetembo nzira chaiyo yekuumbwa kwemuimbi wemangwana inoumbwa. Uyezve, zvakanga zvisina kukwana kuna Flier kuti mudzidzi anzwisise munyori mune imwe nyaya uye chaiyo. Aida zvimwe - kunzwisisa sitaira mumapato ayo ose anokosha. "Zvinotenderwa kutora hunyanzvi hwemabhuku epiyano chete mushure mekunge wagona kugadzira nzira yemunyori akagadzira iyi shasha" (Mashoko aYa. V. Flier anotorwa kubva muzvinyorwa zvehurukuro naye nemunyori wechinyorwa.).

Nyaya dzine chekuita nemaitiro akasiyana ekuita dzakatora nzvimbo yakakura mubasa raFlier nevadzidzi. Zvakawanda zvakataurwa pamusoro pavo, uye zvakaongororwa zvizere. Mukirasi, semuenzaniso, munhu anogona kunzwa kutaura kwakadai: "Zvakanaka, kazhinji, hazvina kushata, asi pamwe uri "kuchera" munyori uyu." (Kutsiura kumuimbi wepiyano muduku uyo ​​akashandisa mitoo yokutaura yakajeka zvikuru mukududzira imwe yesonatas yaMozart.) Kana kuti: “Usanyanya kushamisira nokunaka kwako. Kunyange zvakadaro, uyu haasi Liszt” (pamwe chete ne“Misiyano Pamusoro wePaganini” yaBrahms). Pakuteerera mutambo kekutanga, Flier kazhinji aisakanganisa mutambi, asi regai ataure kusvika kumagumo. Kuna purofesa, stylistic coloring yakakosha; achiongorora mufananidzo wezwi rose, akatsunga chiyero chechokwadi chechimiro, chokwadi chehunyanzvi.

Flier aive asingashiviriri zvehumbimbindoga uye mhirizhonga mukuita, kunyangwe zvese izvi "zvakanakirwa" neruzivo rwakanyanya uye rwakanyanya. Vadzidzi vakarerwa naye pakuzivikanwa kusingaverengeki kwekukosha kwechido chemunyori. “Munyori anofanira kuvimbwa naye kupfuura chero ani zvake,” haana kumboneta nekukurudzira vechidiki. "Sei usingavimbe nemunyori, pachikonzero chipi?" - akazvidza, semuenzaniso, mudzidzi akachinja asina kufunga chirongwa chekuita chakatemwa nemusiki webasa pachake. Nevatsva mukirasi yake, Flier dzimwe nguva ainyatsoongorora, akanyatsoongorora chinyorwa: sekunge kuburikidza negirazi rinokudza, maitiro madiki ejira rezwi rebasa akaongororwa, zvese zvakataurwa nemunyori uye mazita akanzwisiswa. "Jairira kutora huwandu kubva mumirayiridzo uye zvishuwo zvemunyori, kubva kune zvese shamhu uye nuances dzakagadziriswa naye mune zvinyorwa," akadzidzisa. “Vechidiki, zvinosuruvarisa, havatarise zvakanyanya pane chinyorwa. Iwe unowanzo teerera kune wechidiki pianist uye unoona kuti haana kuziva zvese zvinhu zvechimedu chimiro, uye haana kufunga kuburikidza nezvakawanda zvemunyori zvinokurudzira. Dzimwe nguva, hongu, mutambi wepiyano akadaro anongoshaya hunyanzvi, asi kazhinji izvi zvinokonzeresa kusakwana kwekudzidza kwebasa.

"Chokwadi," akaenderera mberi Yakov Vladimirovich, "chirongwa chekududzira, kunyange chakabvumirwa nemunyori pachake, hachisi chinhu chisingachinji, chisingachinji kune imwe kana imwe gadziriso kubva kumunyori. Kusiyana neizvi, mukana (uyezve, kudiwa!) Kuratidza mudetembi wemukati "Ini" kuburikidza nemafungiro kune basa ndechimwe chezvakavanzika zvinofadza zvekushanda. Remarque - kutaura kwekuda kwemunyori - kwakakosha zvakanyanya kune muturikiri, asi haisi dzidziso zvakare. Zvisinei, mudzidzisi weFlier akaenderera mberi kubva pane zvinotevera: "Chekutanga, ita, sezvaunokwanisa, izvo munyori anoda, uyezve ... Tozoona."

Mushure mekuisa chero basa rekuita kumudzidzi, Flier haana kumbofunga kuti mabasa ake semudzidzisi akange apera. Pane kudaro, akabva angotaura nzira dzokupedza nadzo dambudziko iri. Sekutonga, ipapo, ipapo, akaedza neminwe, akanyura mukati meiyo inodiwa mota maitiro uye manzwiro emunwe, akaedza nzira dzakasiyana siyana nekufambisa, nezvimwewo. Ipapo akapfupisa pfungwa dzake muchimiro chemirayiridzo chaiyo uye zano. . “Ndinofunga kuti pakudzidzisa munhu haakwanisi kugumira pakutsanangurira mudzidzi kuti zvinodikanwa kuti aite chinangwa, sokunge zvakadaro. sei ndoita sei kuzadzisa zvinodiwa - mudzidzisi anofanira kuratidzawo izvi. Kunyanya kana ari piano ane ruzivo ... "

Zvekufarira pasina kupokana ipfungwa dzaFlier dzekuti sei uye munhevedzano ipi zvinyorwa zvitsva zvemimhanzi zvinofanirwa kudzidziswa. “Kusaziva kwevaridzi vepiyano vaduku kunowanzovasundira munzira isina kururama,” akadaro. , kunyatsoziva mashoko acho. Zvichakadaro, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha pakuvandudzwa kwenjere dzemumhanzi kunyatsotevera pfungwa yekusimudzirwa kwemufungo wemunyori, kunzwisisa chimiro chebasa. Kunyanya kana basa iri "rakagadzirwa" kwete chete ..."

Saka, pakutanga zvakakosha kuvhara mutambo wacho wose. Ngauve mutambo uri padyo nekuverenga kubva pabepa, kunyangwe zvakawanda zvehunyanzvi hazvibudi. Zvakangofanana, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kanivhasi yemimhanzi nekutarisa kamwe chete, kuyedza, sezvakataurwa naFlier, "kuwira murudo" nayo. Uye wobva watanga kudzidza "muzvidimbu", basa rakadzama iro ratova danho rechipiri.

Kuisa "kuongororwa" kwake maererano nekumwe kukanganisa mukuita kwevadzidzi, Yakov Vladimirovich aigara akajeka zvakanyanya mumashoko ake; tsinhiro dzake dzaisiyaniswa nouchokwadi uye nechokwadi, dzakanga dzakanangidzirwa chaizvoizvo kuchinangwa. Mukirasi, kunyanya pakubata nevasina dhigirii, Flier aiwanzova akapfava zvikuru: “Paunenge uchifunda nomudzidzi wawagara uchiziva kwenguva refu, mashoko akawanda haadiwi. Nokufamba kwemakore kunouya kunzwisisa kwakakwana. Dzimwe nguva mitsara miviri kana mitatu, kana diki diki, inokwana ... ”Panguva imwecheteyo, achiburitsa pfungwa yake, Flier aiziva uye aifarira kuwana nzira dzekutaura dzine mavara. Kutaura kwake kwakasaswa nemadimikira asingatarisirwi uye okufananidzira, kuenzanisa kwoungwaru, madimikira anoshamisa. "Pano iwe unofanirwa kufamba senge somnambulist ..." (nezvemumhanzi wakazadzwa nepfungwa yekusagadzikana uye chiveve). "Tamba, ndapota, munzvimbo ino neminwe isina chinhu" (nezve chikamu chinofanira kuitwa leggierissimo). "Pano ndinoda mamwe mafuta mashoma murwiyo" (murayiridzo kumudzidzi ane cantilena inonzwika yakaoma uye inopera). “Kunzwa kwacho kwakangofanana sokunge chimwe chinhu chazunguzwa kubva paruoko” (maererano nemaitiro echord mune chimwe chezvidimbu zveLiszt's “Mephisto-Waltz”). Kana, pakupedzisira, zvine musoro: "Hazvina kufanira kuti manzwiro ese abude - siya chimwe chinhu mukati ..."

Hunhu: mumashure mekugadzirisa zvakanaka kwaFlier, chero chimedu chaive chakasimba uye chakanyatsogadzirwa nemudzidzi chakawana chinoshamisira chepiyano uye runako izvo zvaisambozivikanwa nazvo kare. Aive shasha isingaenzaniswi yekuunza kungwara kumutambo wevadzidzi. "Basa remudzidzi rinofinha mukirasi - rinotowedzera kufinha pachikuva," Yakov Vladimirovich akadaro. Naizvozvo, kuita muchidzidzo, aitenda, kunofanira kunge kuri padyo nekonsati, kuve rudzi rwedanho kaviri. Ndiko kuti, kunyange zvisati zvaitika, mumamiriro e laboratori, zvakakosha kukurudzira unhu hwakakosha hwakadaro seunyanzvi mune piano wechidiki. Zvikasadaro, mudzidzisi, paanenge achironga kuita pachena kwechipfuwo chake, achakwanisa kuvimba chete nerombo rakanaka.

Chimwezve chinhu. Haisi chakavanzika chokuti chero vateereri vanogara vachifadzwa neushingi hwemuiti pachikuva. Pachiitiko ichi, Flier akacherekedza zvinotevera: "Kuve pakibhodhi, munhu haafanire kutya kutora njodzi - kunyanya mumakore adiki. Zvakakosha kukudziridza ushingi hwedariro mauri. Uyezve, nguva chaiyo yepfungwa ichiri yakavanzwa pano: kana munhu akanyanya kungwarira, achingwarira kusvika kune imwe kana imwe nzvimbo yakaoma, "anonyengera" kusvetuka, nezvimwewo, nzvimbo iyi yakaoma, sekutonga, haibudi, inoputsa. … ”Izvi ndizvo-mupfungwa. Muchokwadi, hapana chakakurudzira vadzidzi vaFlier kuti vatange kusatya zvakanyanya sekutamba kwemudzidzisi wavo, vanozivikanwa kwavari.

… Mumatsutso a1959, zvisingatarisirwi kune vakawanda, mapepa akazivisa kudzoka kwaFlier kunhandare huru yekonzati. Kumashure kwaive nekuvhiya kwakaoma, mwedzi mirefu yekudzoreredzwa kwehunyanzvi hwepiyano, kupinda muchimiro. Zvakare, mushure mekuzorora kwemakore anopfuura gumi, Flier inotungamirira hupenyu hwomuenzi wevaenzi: anotamba mumaguta akasiyana-siyana eU.SR, anofamba kunze kwenyika. Anoomberwa, achikwaziswa noushamwari uye nounyoro. Semuimbi, kazhinji anoramba akatendeka kwaari. Kune zvese izvo, mumwe tenzi, mumwe Flier, akauya muhupenyu hwekonsati yemakumi matanhatu ...

"Kwemakore, iwe unotanga kuona hunyanzvi neimwe nzira, izvi hazvidzivisike," akadaro mumakore ake ekuderera. "Maonero emimhanzi anoshanduka, iwo ega ega ega ega anoshanduka. Zvakawanda zvinoratidzwa nenzira yakapesana kupfuura muhuduku ... Sezvineiwo, mutambo unova wakasiyana. Izvi, hongu, hazvireve kuti zvese zvino zvave kuita kunge zvinonakidza kupfuura kare. Zvimwe chimwe chinhu chainzwika kunakidza mumakore ekutanga chete. Asi chokwadi ndechekuti - mutambo unova wakasiyana ... "

Zvechokwadi, vateereri vakabva vaona kuti unyanzvi hwaFlier hwakanga hwachinja sei. Mukuonekwa kwake chaiko pachikuva, kudzika kukuru, kutarisisa kwemukati kwakaonekwa. Akava akadzikama uye akanyatsogadzikana shure kwechiridzwa; maererano, kunyanya kudziviswa mukuratidzwa kwekunzwa. Zvese zviri zviviri hukasha uye manyawi edetembo zvakatanga kutorwa pasi pekutonga kwakajeka naye.

Zvichida kuita kwake kwakati dererei nekuzvibata kwaaiita kukwezva vateereri hondo isati yatanga. Asi kuwedzeredza kwemirangariro kuri pachena kwakadererawo. Zvose zviri zviviri mafungu emvura uye kuputika kwemakomo kwakange kusiri kwakangoerekana kwaitika kwaari sepakutanga; mumwe akawana fungidziro yekuti vaive zvino vanyatsofungwa, vakagadzirirwa, vakakwenenzverwa.

Izvi zvakanyanya kunzwikwa mukududzira kwaFlier kweRavel's "Choreographic Waltz" (nenzira, akaita gadziriro yeiri piyano). Yakaonekwa zvakare muBach-Liszt's Fantasia uye Fugue muG minor, Mozart's C minor sonata, Beethoven's Seventh Sonata, Schumann's Symphonic Etudes, Chopin's scherzos, mazurkas uye nocturnes, Brahms's B ​​madiki sonata yaive chikamu cheimwewo rhapsody yemamwe mabasa. yemakore achangopfuura.

Kwese kwese, nesimba rakati, pfungwa yake yakakwirira yechiyero, chikamu cheunyanzvi chebasa, chakatanga kuzviratidza. Pakanga paine kuomarara, dzimwe nguva kunyange kumwe kuzvidzora mukushandiswa kwemavara uye maitiro ekuona uye nzira.

Mhedzisiro yekunaka kwese kushanduka uku kwaive kuwedzera kwakakosha kwemifananidzo yenhetembo muFlier. Nguva yasvika yekupindirana kwemukati kwemanzwiro uye zvimiro zvekutaura kwavo kwedariro.

Kwete, Flier haana kuderera kuita "academician", haana kuchinja maitiro ake eunyanzvi. Kusvikira mazuva ake ekupedzisira, akaita pasi pemudiwa uye pedyo naye mureza we romanticism. Kudanana kwake kwakangosiyana: akakura, akadzama, akafumiswa nehupenyu hurefu uye ruzivo rwekugadzira ...

G. Tsypin