Waltraud Meier |

Waltraud Meier

Muna 1983, mashoko anofadza akabva kuBayreuth: “nyeredzi” itsva yaWagnerian yakanga “yavheneka”! Zita rake ndiWaltraud Mayer.

Zvakatangira sei…

Waltraud akaberekerwa muWürzburg muna 1956. Pakutanga akadzidza kuridza rekodha, ndokuzoridza piyano, asi, sokutaura kunoita muimbi pachake, akanga asingasiyani nokutsetsenura kweminwe. Uye paakatadza kutaura manzwiro ake pakiibhodhi, akarovera chivharo chepiyano nehasha chaidzo ndokutanga kuimba.

Kuimba kwagara kuri nzira yomuzvarirwo yokuti nditaure nayo. Asi handina kumbofunga kuti ringava basa rangu. Zvechii? Ndingadai ndairidza mimhanzi kweupenyu hwangu hwose.

Apedza chikoro, akapinda yunivhesiti uye aizove mudzidzisi weChirungu neFrench. Aiitawo zvidzidzo zvezwi ega. Nenzira, maererano nekuravira, kuda kwake mumakore iwayo kwakanga kusiri vanyori vekirasi, asi boka reBee Gees uye French chansonniers.

Uye zvino, mushure megore rezvidzidzo zvezwi repachivande, mudzidzisi wangu akaerekana akandipa kuti ndinzverwe chinzvimbo chisina munhu paWürzburg Opera House. Ndakafunga: sei kwete, handina chandinorasikirwa nacho. Handina kuzvironga, hupenyu hwangu hwakanga husina kutsamira pazviri. Ndakaimba ndokubva vandiendesa kuimba yemitambo. Ndakaita debut yangu saLola muMascagni's Rural Honor. Gare gare ndakatamira kuMannheim Opera House, kwandakatanga kuita mabasa aWagnerian. Chikamu changu chekutanga chaive chikamu cheErda kubva ku opera "Goridhe yeRhine". Mannheim yaive mhando yefekitori kwandiri - ndakaita mabasa anopfuura makumi matatu ipapo. Ndakaimba zvikamu zvose zvemezzo-soprano, kusanganisira izvo ndakanga ndisati ndakodzera panguva iyoyo.

Yunivhesiti, hongu, Waltraud Mayer akatadza kupedza. Asi haanawo kuwana dzidzo yemimhanzi, saizvozvo. Theaters chaiva chikoro chake. Mushure meMannheim akatevera Dortmund, Hanover, Stuttgart. Zvadaro Vienna, Munich, London, Milan, New York, Paris. Uye, zvechokwadi, Bayreuth.

Waltraud naBayreuth

Muimbi anotaura nezvekuti Waltraud Mayer akaguma sei muBayreuth.

Mushure mekunge ndashanda kwemakore anoverengeka munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemitambo uye ndakanga ndatoita zvikamu zveWagnerian, yakanga yava nguva yekuongorora muBayreuth. Ndakafona ikoko ini ndokuuya kuaudition. Uye ipapo muperekedzi akaita basa rakakura mune yangu ramangwana, uyo, aona clavier yeParsifal, akandipa kuimba Kundry. Ndikati: chii? muno muBayreuth? Kundry? Ini? Ngazvisadaro! Akati, saka, sei kwete? Apa ndipo paunogona kuzviratidza. Ndakabva ndabvuma ndokuimba paaudition. Saka muna 83, mubasa iri, ndakaita debut yangu padanho reBayreuth.

Bas Hans Zotin anoyeuka kubatana kwake kwekutanga naWaltraud Mayer muna 1983 muBayreuth.

Takaimba muParsifal. Uku kwaive kutanga kwake saKundry. Zvakazoitika kuti Waltraud anofarira kurara mangwanani uye kumaXNUMX : XNUMX:XNUMX akauya nenzwi rakarara kudaro, ndakafunga kuti Mwari mungagona here kuita basa racho nhasi zvachose. Asi zvinoshamisa - mushure mehafu yeawa inzwi rake rakanzwika zvikuru.

Mushure memakore gumi nematanhatu ekubatana kwepedyo pakati paWaltraud Maier nemukuru weBayreuth mutambo, muzukuru waRichard Wagner, Wolfgang Wagner, misiyano isingagadzirisike yakamuka, uye muimbi akazivisa kubva kwake kubva kuBayreuth. Zvakanyatsojeka kuti mutambo, uye kwete muimbi, akarasika nekuda kweizvi. Waltraud Maier ane mavara ake eWagnerian akatodzika munhoroondo. Mutungamiriri weVienna State Opera, Angela Tsabra, anoudza.

Pandakasangana naWaltraud pano paState Opera, akaratidzwa semuimbi weWagnerian. Zita rake rakanga rakabatana zvisingaite naKundry. Vanoti Waltraud Mayer - verenga Kundry. Anonyatso kwanisa hunyanzvi hwake, izwi rake raakapihwa naIshe, anorangwa, achiri kushanda pahunyanzvi hwake, haaregi kudzidza. Ichi chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwake, hunhu hwake - anogara aine manzwiro ekuti anofanira kuramba achishanda paari.

Vanoshanda navo nezveWaltraud Maier

Asi ndeapi maonero aWaltraud Mayer conductor Daniel Barenboim, waasina kungogadzira akati wandei, akaitwa mumakonzati, asi zvakare akarekodha Der Ring des Nibelungen, Tristan naIsolde, Parsifal, Tannhäuser:

Kana muimbi achiri mudiki, anogona kufadza nenzwi rake uye tarenda. Asi nekufamba kwenguva, zvakawanda zvinoenderana nekuti yakawanda sei muimbi anoramba achishanda uye kugadzira chipo chake. Waltraud ane zvese. Uye chimwezve chinhu: haamboparadzanisa mimhanzi kubva mumutambo, asi anogara achibatanidza izvi zvikamu.

Inotungamirirwa naJurgen Flimm:

Waltraud anonzi murume akaoma kunzwisisa. Zvisinei, akachenjera zvake.

Mukuru Hans Zotin:

Waltraud, sezvavanotaura, ibhiza rekushanda. Kana iwe ukakwanisa kuonana naye muhupenyu, saka haungambove nefungidziro yekuti iwe unayo pamberi pako prima donna ine mamwe maquirks, whims kana shanduko inoshanduka. Musikana akanaka chose. Asi manheru, kana chidzitiro chasimuka, iye anoshandurwa.

Mutungamiriri weVienna State Opera Angela Tsabra:

Anorarama mimhanzi nemweya wake. Anokwezva vataridzi nevaanoshanda navo kuti vatevere nzira yake.

Muimbi anofungei nezvake:

Vanofunga kuti ndinoda kuva akakwana muzvinhu zvose, akakwana. Zvimwe zvakadaro. Kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza kundiitira, saka chokwadi handigutsikane. Kune rimwe divi, ndinoziva kuti ndinofanira kuzvichengeta zvishoma uye kusarudza izvo zvakanyanya kukosha kwandiri - kugona kwehunyanzvi kana kutaura? Ehe, zvingava zvakanaka kubatanidza mufananidzo wakakodzera neasina kunaka, akajeka akajeka ruzha, fluent coloratura. Izvi zvakanakira uye, hongu, ndinogara ndichiedza izvi. Asi kana izvi zvikakundikana pane mamwe manheru, ndinofunga kuti zvakakosha kuti ndiudze veruzhinji revo iri munziyo nemanzwire.

Waltraud Mayer - mutambi

Waltraud akaita rombo rakanaka rekushanda nevatungamiriri vakatanhamara venguva yake (kana iye naye?) - Jean-Pierre Ponnel, Harry Kupfer, Peter Konwitschny, Jean-Luc Bondi, Franco Zeffirelli naPatrice Chereau, pasi pehutungamiriri hwaakagadzira mufananidzo wakasarudzika. Mary kubva kuBerg's opera "Wozzeck."

Mumwe wevatori venhau akadana Mayer "Callas yenguva yedu." Pakutanga, kuenzanisa uku kwaiita sekunge kusiri nyore kwandiri. Asi ndakazoona kuti mumwe wangu airevei. Kune vashoma vaimbi vane inzwi rakanaka uye unyanzvi hwakakwana. Asi pane vashoma actresses pakati pavo. Neunyanzvi - kubva pamaonero emitambo - chifananidzo chakasikwa ndicho chakasiyanisa Kallas kupfuura makore makumi mana apfuura, uye izvi ndizvo zvinokosheswa naWaltraud Meyer nhasi. Ibasa rakawanda sei riri shure kweizvi - ndiye chete anoziva.

Kuti nditaure kuti nhasi basa rakabudirira, kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakawanda zvakakosha. Kutanga, zvakakosha kwandiri kuti ndiwane nzira yakarurama yekugadzira mufananidzo mukuita basa rakazvimirira. Chechipiri, pachikuva zvakawanda zvinoenderana nemudiwa. Zvakanaka, kana tikakwanisa kutamba naye tiri vaviri vaviri, kufanana neping-pong, kukanda bhora nemumwe.

Ndinonyatsonzwa sutu yacho – yakapfava, ingave jira richiyerera kana kuti rinonditadzisa kufamba – izvi zvinoshandura mutambo wangu. Wigs, make-up, nzvimbo - zvese izvi zvakakosha kwandiri, izvi ndizvo zvandinogona kuisa mumutambo wangu. Chiedza chinewo basa guru. Ndinogara ndichitsvaga nzvimbo dzine chiedza uye ndinotamba nechiedza nemumvuri. Pakupedzisira, iyo geometry pachikuva, kuti mavara anowanikwa sei kune mumwe nemumwe - kana akaenzana nerampu, yakatarisana nevateereri, sezvakaita muGreek theatre, zvino muoni anobatanidzwa mune zviri kuitika. Chimwe chinhu ndechekuti kana vakatendeukira kune mumwe nemumwe, ipapo nhaurirano yavo ndeyemunhu oga. Izvi zvese zvakakosha kwandiri.

Mutungamiriri weVienna Opera Joan Holender, uyo akaziva Waltraud kwemakore makumi maviri, anomuti mutambi wepamusoro-soro.

Kubva pakuita kusvika pakuita, Waltraud Meier ane mavara matsva uye nuances. Naizvozvo, hapana kuita kwakafanana kune imwe. Ndinomuda Carmen zvakanyanya, asiwo Santuzza. Basa rangu randinofarira mukuita kwake ndiOrtrud. Haatsananguriki!

Waltraud, nekubvuma kwake, ane chishuwo. Uye nguva dzose paanoisa bhawa pamusoro zvishoma.

Dzimwe nguva ndinotya kuti handigoni kuzviita. Izvi zvakaitika naIsolde: Ndakazvidzidza uye ndakatoimba muBayreuth, uye ndikangoerekana ndaona kuti, maererano nemaitiro angu, ndakanga ndisina kukura zvakakwana pabasa iri. Chinhu chimwe chete chakaitika nebasa raLeonora muFidelio. Asi zvakadaro ndakaramba ndichishanda. Handisi mumwe wevanokanda mapfumo pasi. Ndinotsvaga kusvika ndawana.

Basa guru raWaltraud ndiro mezzo-soprano. Beethoven akanyora chikamu chaLeonora chedramatic soprano. Uye ichi handicho chega chikamu chesoprano mune repertoire yaWaltraud. Muna 1993, Waltraud Mayer akasarudza kuzviedza semutambi wesoprano - uye akabudirira. Kubva ipapo, Isolde yake kubva kuWagner opera yanga iri imwe yeakanakisa pasirese.

Director Jürgen Flimm anoti:

Isolde yake yatove ngano. Uye zvakaruramiswa. Anonyatso hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, tekinoroji, kusvika kune diki ruzivo. Mashandiro aanoita pane zvinyorwa, mimhanzi, masanganisiro aanoita - havasi vazhinji vanogona kuzviita. Uye chimwezve chinhu: anoziva nzira yekujairana nemamiriro ezvinhu pachikuva. Anofunga nezviri kuitika mumusoro memunhu obva azvidudzira kuita kufamba. Uye nzira yaanogona kuratidza hunhu hwake nezwi rake inoshamisa!

Waltraud Mayer:

Pazvikamu zvakakura, zvakadai se, semuenzaniso, Isolde, uko kune kuimba kwakachena chete kwemaawa anenge maviri, ndinotanga kushanda mberi. Ndakatanga kumudzidzisa makore mana ndisati ndatanga kuenda naye pachikuva, ndichiisa pasi clavier ndokutanga zvakare.

Tristan wake, tenor Siegfried Yeruzalem, anotaura nezvekushanda naWaltraud Mayer nenzira iyi.

Ndave ndichiimba naWaltraud kwemakore 20 zvinofadza zvikuru. Iye muimbi mukuru uye mutambi, isu tese tinoziva izvozvo. Asi kunze kwaizvozvo, isu tichiri makuru kune mumwe nemumwe. Isu tine hukama hwakanaka hwevanhu, uye, sekutonga, maonero akafanana pane art. Hazvisi zvetsaona kuti tinonzi vakaroorana vakakwana muBayreuth.

Nei chaizvo Wagner akazova munyori wayo, Waltraud Mayer anopindura seizvi:

Zvaakanyora zvinondinakidza, zvinondiita kuti ndikure uye ndienderere mberi. Madingindira emitambo yake, chete kubva pamaonero epfungwa, anopenga zvisingaite. Iwe unogona kushanda pamifananidzo nekusingaperi kana iwe ukasvika izvi zvakadzama. Semuenzaniso, ikozvino tarisa basa iri kubva kudivi repfungwa, ikozvino kubva kudivi rehuzivi, kana, semuenzaniso, dzidza zvinyorwa chete. Kana kuti tarisa mumhanzi, tungamira rwiyo, kana kuona kuti Wagner anoshandisa sei kugona kwake kuimba. Uye pakupedzisira, zvino batanidza zvose. Ndinogona kuita izvi nekusingaperi. Handifungi kuti ndichambopedza kushanda pane izvi.

Mumwe mufambidzani akakodzera, maererano nepepanhau reGermany, akanga ari Placido Domingo waWaltraud Mayer. Ari muchinzvimbo chaSiegmund, ari zvakare muchikamu chesoprano cheSieglinde.

Placido Domingo:

Waltraud nhasi muimbi wekirasi yepamusoro, kunyanya muGerman repertoire, asi kwete chete. Zvakwana kutaura mabasa ake muVerdi's Don Carlos kana Bizet's Carmen. Asi tarenda rake rinonyatsoratidzwa muWagnerian repertoire, uko kune zvikamu sekunge zvakanyorerwa izwi rake, semuenzaniso, Kundry muParsifal kana Sieglinde muValkyrie.

Waltraud nezvemunhu

Waltraud Maier anogara muMunich uye anoona guta iri zvechokwadi "rake". Haana kuroorwa uye haana mwana.

Chokwadi chokuti basa romuimbi weopera rakandikurudzira chinonzwisisika. Nzendo dzenguva dzose dzinotungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti zvakaoma zvikuru kuchengetedza zvisungo zveushamwari. Asi pamwe ndicho chikonzero nei ndichiziva zvakanyanya kune izvi, nekuti shamwari dzinoreva zvakawanda kwandiri.

Wese munhu anoziva nezve hupenyu hupfupi hwehunyanzvi hweWagnerian vaimbi. Waltraud akatotyora marekodhi ese panyaya iyi. Uye zvakadaro, tichitaura nezveramangwana, izwi rinosuruvarisa rinoonekwa muzwi rake:

Ndiri kutofunga kuti ndichaimba kwenguva yakareba sei, asi pfungwa iyi haindiremedzi. Zvinonyanya kukosha kwandiri kuti ndizive zvandinofanira kuita iye zvino, basa rangu ikozvino, netariro yokuti kana zuva rasvika uye ini ndichamanikidzwa kumira - nokuda kwechikonzero chipi nechipi - ndichatsungirira zvakadzikama.

Karina Kardasheva, operanews.ru