Chicago Symphony Orchestra |

Chicago Symphony Orchestra

Iyo Chicago Symphony Orchestra inozivikanwa seimwe yeanotungamira orchestras yenguva yedu. Zviitwa zveCSO zviri kudiwa zvakanyanya kwete munyika yake chete, asiwo mumhanzi makuru epasirese. MunaGunyana 2010, mutambi weItaly ane mukurumbira Riccardo Muti akave wechigumi mutungamiriri wemimhanzi weCSO. Chiono chake chebasa reorchestra: kudzamisa kudyidzana nevateereri vekuChicago, kutsigira chizvarwa chitsva chevaimbi, uye kushandira pamwe nevaimbi vanotungamira zvese zviratidzo zvenguva nyowani yebhendi. Muimbi weFrance uye kondakita Pierre Boulez, ane hukama hwenguva refu neCSO akabatsira pakugadzwa kwake sePrincipal Guest Conductor muna 1995, akanzi Honorary Conductor weHelen Rubinstein Foundation muna 2006.

Mukubatana nevatambi vane mukurumbira pasi rose nevaenzi vevaenzi, CSO inoita makonzati anopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu pagore kuChicago Center, Symphony Center, uye chirimo chega chega paRavinia Festival kuChicago's North Shore. Kuburikidza nedzidzo yakatsaurirwa, "Institute for Learning, Access, and Training," CSO inokwezva pamusoro pe150 vagari venzvimbo yeChicago gore negore. Matanho matatu akabudirira enhau akatangwa muna 200.000: CSO-Resound (inonzi orchestral label yekuburitswa kweCD uye kudhawunirodha digital), kutepfenyura kwenyika nenhepfenyuro itsva yevhiki nevhiki yekugadzira kwavo, uye kuwedzera kwekuvapo kweCSO paInternet - kudhawunirodha mahara kweorchestra. mavhidhiyo uye mharidzo itsva.

Muna Ndira 2010, Yo-Yo Ma akave chipangamazano wekutanga weJudson & Joyce Green Foundation, akagadzwa naRiccardo Muti kwemakore matatu. Mune basa iri, mubatsiri akakosha waMaestro Muti, manejimendi eCSO nevaimbi, uye kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwake husingaenzaniswi uye kugona kwake kwekubatana nevamwe, Yo-Yo Ma, pamwe naMuti, yave kukurudzira kwechokwadi kune vateereri vekuChicago. , achitaura nokuda kwesimba rinoshandura remimhanzi. Yo-Yo Ma ichave nechekuita mukuvandudza uye kuita zvirongwa zvitsva, mapurojekiti uye mimhanzi inoteedzana pasi pechirongwa cheThe Institute for Learning, Access, uye Training.

Vaimbi vatsva vaviri ava vakatanga kushandirapamwe kwemakore maviri neochestra mumatsutso 2010. Mason Bates naAnna Kline vakagadzwa naRiccardo Muti kuti vatarise MusicNOW Concert Series. Kuburikidza nekushandira pamwe nevatambi vanobva kune mamwe minda uye masangano, Bates naKline vanoyedza kutyora zvipingamupinyi zvechinyakare zvenzanga yeChicago nekuunza mazano matsva kumubatanidzwa uye kugadzira zviitiko zvemumhanzi zvakasiyana. Pamusoro peMusicNOW nhevedzano, iyo munyori wega wega akanyora chidimbu chitsva (kutanga muchirimo cha2011), CSO yakaita mabasa naKline naBates mumakonti ekunyoreswa emwaka wa2010/11.

Kubva muna 1916, kurekodha kwenzwi rave chikamu chinokosha chezviitwa zve orchestra. Zvakaburitswa paCSO-Resound label zvinosanganisira Verdi's Requiem inotungamirwa naRiccardo Muti uye ine Chicago Symphony Choir, Rich Strauss's A Hero's Life uye Webern's In the Summer Wind, Bruckner's Seventh Symphony, Shostakovich's Fourth Symphony, Chekutanga, Third Sirdy Mahnies – vose vachitungamirirwa naBernard Haitink, Poulenc’s Gloria (aina Jessica Rivera soprano), Ravel’s Daphnis naChloe pamwe neChicago Symphony Choir iri pasi peB. Haitink, Stravinsky’s Pulcinella, Four Etudes uye Symphony mumafambiro matatu Pierre Boulez, “Tsika uye Shanduko”. : Inzwi reChicago's Silk Road, ine Silk Road Ensemble, Yo-Yo Ma naWu Man; uye, kuitira kurodha chete, kurekodha kweShostakovich's Fifth Symphony inoitiswa neMoon Wun Chung.

CSO ndiyo yakagamuchira 62 Grammy Awards kubva kuNational Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Kurekodhwa kweShostakovich's Fourth Symphony naHaitink, iyo inosanganisira DVD mharidzo ye "Beyond the Score", yakahwina Grammy ya2008 ye "Best Orchestral Performance". Gore rimwe chetero, Tsika uye Shanduko: Manzwi eSirika Road akahwina Grammy yeBest Classical Album Mixing. Nguva pfupi yadarika, muna 2011, kurekodha kweVerdi's Requiem naRiccardo Muti kwakapihwa maGrammy maviri: ye "Best Classical Album" uye ye "Best Choral Performance".

CSO yanga ichigadzira nhepfenyuro yayo yevhiki nevhiki kubva muna Kubvumbi 2007, iyo inotepfenyurwa panhepfenyuro yenyika yose yeWFMT, pamwe nepamhepo pawebhusaiti yeorchestra - www.cso.org. Nhepfenyuro idzi dzinopa nzira itsva, yakasarudzika kuchirongwa chemumhanzi weredhiyo - zvinofadza uye zvinobatika zvemukati zvakagadzirirwa kupa nzwisiso yakadzama uye nekupa kumwe kubatana kumimhanzi inoridzwa mumwaka wemakonsati eorchestra.

Nhoroondo yeChicago Symphony yakatanga muna 1891 apo Theodore Thomas, mutungamiriri weAmerica uye akabvuma kuti "piyona" mumimhanzi, akakokwa namuzvinabhizimisi wekuChicago Charles Norman Fey kuti atange symphony orchestra pano. Vavariro yaThomas - kugadzira orchestra yechigarire ine zvikwanisiro zvepamusoro - yakatozadzikiswa mumakonzati ekutanga muna Gumiguru wegore iroro. Thomas akashanda somutungamiriri wemimhanzi kusvikira parufu rwake muna 1905. Akafa vhiki nhatu pashure pokunge apa horo, musha wechigarire weChicago Orchestra, kunzanga.

Mutsivi waThomas, Frederick Stock, uyo akatanga basa rake se<em>viola muna 1895, akava mutevedzeri womutungamiriri makore mana gare gare. Kugara kwake ari mutungamiri weorchestra kwakatora makore makumi matatu nemanomwe, kubva muna 37 kusvika 1905 - nguva yakareba kwazvo yevatungamiriri gumi vechikwata. Makore akasimba uye ekupayona kwaStock muna 1942 akaita kuti kuvepo kweCivic Orchestra yeChicago, yekutanga kudzidzisa orchestra muUnited States yaive yakabatana neiyo symphony huru. Stock zvakare yakashanda nesimba nevechidiki, kuronga makonzati ekutanga ekunyoreswa kwevana uye kutanga nhevedzano yemakonzati akakurumbira.

Vatungamiri vatatu vane mukurumbira vakatungamirira orchestra mumakore gumi akatevera: Désiré Defoe kubva muna 1943 kusvika 1947, Artur Rodzinsky akatora chigaro muna 1947/48, uye Rafael Kubelik akatungamirira orchestra kwemwaka mitatu kubva muna 1950 kusvika 1953.

Makore gumi akatevera aive aFritz Reiner, ane marekodhi neChicago Symphony Orchestra achiri kutorwa seyakajairwa. Aiva Reiner uyo, muna 1957, akakoka Margaret Hillis kuti aronge Chicago Symphony Choir. Kwemwaka mishanu - kubva 1963 kusvika 1968 - Jean Martinon akabata chinzvimbo chemumhanzi director.

Sir Georg Solti ndiye wechisere mutungamiriri wemimhanzi yeorchestra (1969-1991). Aiva nezita reHonorary Music Director uye akashanda nechikwata chevaimbi kwemavhiki akati wandei mwaka wega wega kusvika parufu rwake munaGunyana 1997. Kusvika kwaSolti muChicago kwakaratidza kutanga kwekumwe kwekudyidzana kwakabudirira zvikuru kwemimhanzi munguva yedu. Rwendo rwekutanga rwekunze rweCSO rwakaitika muna 1971 pasi pehutungamiriri hwake, uye nzendo dzakazotevera muEurope, pamwe nenzendo dzekuJapan neAustralia, dzakasimbisa mukurumbira weiyo orchestra seimwe yemapoka emimhanzi akanakisa munyika.

Daniel Barenboim akagadzwa mutungamiriri wemimhanzi munaGunyana 1991, chinzvimbo chaakabata kusvika muna Chikumi 2006. Nhungamiro yake yemimhanzi yakaratidzwa nekuvhurwa kweChicago New Music Center muna 1997, mitambo yeopera muhoro yeorchestra, mitambo yakawanda yakanaka pamwe neorchestra mu. Kaviri basa remupiyano uye kondakita, nzendo makumi maviri nembiri dzepasirese dzakaitika pasi pehutungamiriri hwake (kusanganisira rwendo rwekutanga kuenda kuSouth America) uye nhevedzano yemunyori wemakonzati ekunyoreswa akaoneka.

Pierre Boulez, uyo pari zvino anove kondakita anoremekedzwa, mumwe wevaimbi vatatu chete vane zita rePrincipal Guest Conductor weorchestra. Carlo Maria Giulini, uyo akatanga kuita nguva dzose muChicago mukupera kwema1950, akagadzwa sePrincipal Guest Conductor muna 1969, kwaakagara kusvika 1972. Claudio Abbado akashanda kubva 1982 kusvika 1985. Kubva 2006 kusvika 2010, mukuru weDutch akashanda saBernhard Haitink conductor. mukuru conductor, achiparura chirongwa cheCSO-Resound uye kutora chikamu mukushanya kwakati wandei kune dzimwe nyika.

The Chicago Symphony Orchestra yakagara ichibatanidzwa neRavinia muHighland Park, Illinois, yakatanga kuridza ipapo muna Mbudzi 1905. The orchestra yakabatsira kuvhura mwaka wekutanga weRavinia Festival muna Nyamavhuvhu 1936 uye yakaramba ichiimba ipapo zhizha rega rega kubva ipapo.

Vatungamiriri vemimhanzi uye vatungamiri vakuru:

Theodore Thomas (1891-1905) Frederic Stock (1905-1942) Desiree Dafoe (1943-1947) Artur Rodzynski (1947-1948) Rafael Kubelik (1950-1953) Fritz Reiner (1953-1963) Hoffman (1963-1968) Georg Solti (1968-1969) Daniel Barenboim (1969-1991) Bernard Haitink (1991-2006) Riccardo Muti (kubvira 2006)