Gennady Rozhdestvensky |

Gennady Rozhdestvensky

Gennady Rozhdestvensky hunhu hwakajeka uye tarenda rine simba, kudada kwetsika yemimhanzi yeRussia. Imwe neimwe nhanho yekusika yemuimbi ane mukurumbira pasirese chikamu chikuru chehupenyu hwetsika yenguva yedu, yakanangana nekushandira Mimhanzi, "basa rekuunza Runako" (mumashoko ake).

Gennady Rozhdestvensky akapedza kudzidza kubva kuMoscow State Conservatory mupiyano naLev Oborin uye mukuitisa nababa vake, mudzidzisi akakurumbira Nikolai Anosov, pamwe chete nezvidzidzo zvepamusoro pachikoro chekuchengetedza.

Mapeji akawanda akajeka ekugadzira biography yaGennady Rozhdestvensky akabatanidzwa neBolshoi Theatre. Achiri mudzidzi paimba inochengeterwa zvinhu, akaita dhipatimendi rake rekutanga naTchaikovsky's The Sleeping Beauty (mudzidzi wechidiki akaita mutambo wese pasina zvibodzwa!). Muna 1951 mumwechete, mushure mokunge apedza makwikwi akakodzera, akagamuchirwa semutyairi we ballet weBolshoi Theater uye akashanda munzvimbo iyi kusvika 1960. Rozhdestvensky akaita mabheti The Fountain of Bakhchisaray, Swan Lake, Cinderella, The Tale of the Stone Flower. uye mamwe maitirwo emitambo, akatora chikamu mukugadzirwa kweR. Shchedrin's ballet The Little Humpbacked Horse (1960). Muna 1965-70. Gennady Rozhdestvensky ndiye aive mutungamiriri mukuru weBolshoi Theatre. Repertoire yake yemitambo yaisanganisira anenge makumi mana maopera uye ballets. Conductor akatora chikamu mune zvigadzirwa zveKhachaturian's Spartacus (1968), Bizet-Shchedrin's Carmen Suite (1967), Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker (1966) nevamwe; kekutanga panhandare yeRussia vakaita maopera eThe Human Voice naPoulenc (1965), Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream (1965). Muna 1978 akadzokera kuBolshoi Theatre semutyairi weopera (kusvika 1983), akatora chikamu mukugadzirwa kwehuwandu hwemitambo yeopera, pakati pavo Shostakovich's Katerina Izmailova (1980) uye Prokofiev's Betrothal muMonastery (1982). Makore mazhinji gare gare, mumhemberero yegore rechi225 yeBolshoi Theatre, Gennady Rozhdestvensky akava mutungamiriri mukuru weBolshoi Theatre (kubva munaSeptember kusvika munaJune 2000), panguva ino akagadzira mapurogiramu akawanda emitambo yemitambo uye akagadzirira. kuratidzwa kwepasi rose kweProkofiev's The Gambler opera muzvinyorwa zvemunyori wekutanga.

Mumakore ekuma1950 zita raGennady Rozhdestvensky rakave richizivikanwa kune vateveri vemimhanzi yesymphonic. Kweanopfuura hafu yezana ramakore rekuita basa rekugadzira, maestro Rozhdestvensky anga ari kondakita weanenge ese anozivikanwa eRussia uye ekunze symphony ensembles. Muna 1961-1974 aive mutungamiriri mukuru uye mutungamiriri wehunyanzvi weBSO yeCentral Television uye All-Union Radio. Kubva 1974 kusvika 1985, G. Rozhdestvensky akanga ari mutungamiriri wemimhanzi weMoscow Chamber Musical Theatre, apo, pamwe chete nemutungamiriri Boris Pokrovsky, akamutsiridza maoperasi anonzi The Nose naDD Shostakovich uye The Rake's Progress naIF Stravinsky, akaita zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinonakidza. . Muna 1981, kondakita akagadzira State Symphony Orchestra yeUSSR Ministry of Culture. Makore gumi ehutungamiriri hweboka iri yakava nguva yekugadzira yakasarudzika zvirongwa zvekonti.

Muturikiri mukuru wemimhanzi yezana remakore rechi300, Rozhdestvensky akaunza vanhu veRussia kumabasa akawanda asingazivikanwi naA. Schoenberg, P. Hindemith, B. Bartok, B. Martin, O. Messiaen, D. Milhaud, A. Honegger; chaizvoizvo, akadzokera kuRussia nhaka yaStravinsky. Pasi pekutungamirirwa kwake, kutanga kwemabasa akawanda aR. Shchedrin, S. Slonimsky, A. Eshpay, B. Tishchenko, G. Kancheli, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina, E. Denisov akaitwa. Mupiro wemuitisi wekugadzirisa nhaka yeS. Prokofiev naD. Shostakovich inokoshawo. Gennady Rozhdestvensky akava mutambi wokutanga muRussia uye kunze kwenyika mabasa akawanda Alfred Schnittke. Kazhinji, achitamba nevakawanda ve orchestras anotungamira pasirese, akaita zvinopfuura zvidimbu zve150 kekutanga muRussia uye anopfuura XNUMX kekutanga pasi. R. Shchedrin, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina nevamwe vanyori vakawanda vakatsaurira mabasa avo kuna Rozhdestvensky.

Pakazosvika pakati pemakore ekuma70, Gennady Rozhdestvensky akanga ava mumwe wevanoremekedzwa zvikuru muEurope. Kubva 1974 kusvika 1977 akatungamira iyo Stockholm Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra, akazotungamira iyo BBC London Orchestra (1978-1981), iyo Vienna Symphony Orchestra (1980-1982). Uye zvakare, nekufamba kwemakore Rozhdestvensky akashanda neBerlin Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (Amsterdam), London, Chicago, Cleveland uye Tokyo Symphony Orchestras (anokudzwa uye iye zvino conductor weYomiuri Orchestra) nemamwe ensembles.

Pakazara, Rozhdestvensky neakasiyana-siyana orchestra akarekodha anopfuura 700 marekodhi uye maCD. Muitisi akarekodha kutenderera kwese symphonies naS. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, G. Mahler, A. Glazunov, A. Bruckner, akawanda anoshanda naA. Schnittke pamahwendefa. Marekodhi emuitisi akagamuchira mibairo: Grand Prix yeLe Chant Du Monde, dhipuroma kubva kuAcademy yaCharles Cros muParis (yekurekodha yeese symphonies yaProkofiev, 1969).

Rozhdestvensky ndiye munyori wenziyo dzakati wandei, pakati peiyo monumental oratorio "Murairo kuVanhu veRussia" kune muverengi, soloists, kwaya uye orchestra kumashoko aA. Remizov.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky anopa nguva yakawanda uye simba rekugadzira pakudzidzisa. Kubva 1974 anga achidzidzisa kuDhipatimendi reOpera uye Symphony Conducting yeMoscow Conservatory, kubvira 1976 anga ari purofesa, kubvira 2001 anga ari mukuru weDhipatimendi reOpera uye Symphony Conducting. G. Rozhdestvensky akaunza galaxy yevadzidzisi vane tarenda, pakati pavo People's Artists of Russia Valery Polyansky naVladimir Ponkin. Maestro akanyora uye akaburitsa mabhuku anoti "The Conductor's Fingering", "Thoughts on Music" uye "Triangles"; Bhuku rinonzi "Preambles" rine zvinyorwa zvinotsanangura zvaakaimba nazvo mumakonzati ake, kutanga kubva muna 1974. Muna 2010, bhuku rake idzva, Mosaic, rakabudiswa.

Masevhisi eGN Rozhdestvensky kune art anoratidzwa nemazita ekuremekedza: People's Artist yeUSSR, Gamba reSocialist Labor, mubairo weLenin Prize. Gennady Rozhdestvensky - Honorary Member yeRoyal Swedish Academy, Honorary Academician yeChirungu Royal Academy of Music, purofesa. Pakati pemibayiro yemuimbi: Bulgarian Order yaCyril naMethodius, iyo Japanese Order yeRising Sun, iyo Russian Order yeMerit yeBabaland, IV, III uye II madhigirii. Muna 2003, Maestro akagamuchira zita reMukuru weChirongwa cheLegion of Honor yeFrance.

Gennady Rozhdestvensky inyanzvi ye symphonic uye theatrical conductor, pianist, mudzidzisi, muimbi, munyori wemabhuku uye zvinyorwa, mukurukuri akanaka, muongorori, mudzori wezvibodzwa zvakawanda, nyanzvi yehunyanzvi, nyanzvi yezvinyorwa, muunganidzi ane shungu, erudite. Iyo "polyphony" yezvido zveMaestro yakazviratidza zvizere mu "direction" yezvirongwa zvake zvegore negore zvekunyora neState Academic Symphony Choir yeRussia, iyo yakabatwa neMoscow Philharmonic kwemakore anopfuura 10.

Kunobva: Moscow Philharmonic webhusaiti