Guillaume Dufay |

William Dufay

Muimbi weFranco-Flemish, mumwe wevakatanga chikoro cheDutch polyphonic (ona. Dutch chikoro) Akarererwa mumetris (chikoro chechechi) pacathedral muCambrai, akaimba netariro yevakomana; akadzidza kuumbwa naP. de Loqueville naH. Grenon. Nziyo dzekutanga (motet, ballad) dzakanyorwa panguva yaigara Dufay mudare reMalatesta da Rimini muPesaro (1420-26). Muna 1428-37 akanga ari muimbi mukwaya yapapa muRoma, akashanyira maguta akawanda muItaly (Roma, Turin, Bologna, Florence, zvichingodaro), France, uye Duchy of Savoy. Atora mirairo mitsvene, aigara padare raDuke weSavoy (1437-44). Nguva nenguva vaidzokera kuCambrai; pashure pa1445 akagara ikoko zvachose, achitarisira mabasa ose enziyo echechi.

Dufay akagadzira iyo huru yerudzi rweDutch polyphony - 4-izwi misa. Cantus firmus, inoitika muchikamu che tenor uye kubatanidza zvikamu zvose zvehuwandu, inowanzokweretwa naye kubva kune vanhu kana nziyo dzenyika ("Chiso chake chiduku chakashanduka" - "Se la face au pale", ca. 1450). 1450-60s - iyo yepamusoro yebasa raDufay, nguva yekusikwa kwemabasa makuru e-cyclic - masasi. 9 masasi akazara anozivikanwa, pamwe nezvikamu zvakaparadzana zvemasa, motets (zvemweya uye zvepanyika, zvine mutsindo, motets-nziyo), vocal secular polyphonic nziyo - French chanson, Italian nziyo, nezvimwe.

Mumhanzi waDufay, imba yekuchengetera mimhanzi inotsanangurwa, hukama-hunotonga hunobuda, mitsetse yemimhanzi inojeka; iyo yakakosha zororo repamusoro melodic izwi rinosanganiswa nekushandiswa kwekutevedzera, canonical matekiniki padyo nemimhanzi yevanhu.

Hunyanzvi hwaDufay, hwakatora zvakawanda zvakabudirira zveChirungu, French, mimhanzi yeItaly, yakagamuchira kuzivikanwa kweEurope uye yakave nesimba guru pakuvandudzwa kwakatevera kwechikoro cheDutch polyphonic (kusvika Josquin Despres). The Bodleian Library muOxford ine zvinyorwa zvemitambo makumi mashanu nembiri yekuItaly naDufay, iyo 52 19-3-manzwi nziyo dzakatsikiswa naJ. Steiner muSat. Dufay nevamwe venguva yake (4).

Dufay anozivikanwawo semushanduri wemumhanzi notation (anonzi akaunza manotsi ane misoro michena panzvimbo peakamboshandiswa matema manotsi). Mabasa akaparadzana naDufay akabudiswa naG. Besseler mumabasa ake emumhanzi wekare, uye anosanganisirwawo munhevedzano "Denkmaler der Tonkunst muÖsterreich" (VII, XI, XIX, XXVII, XXXI).