Chii chinonzi Znamenny chant: zvinoreva, nhoroondo, marudzi

Mimhanzi yechechi yeRussia yakatanga neznamenny chant, iyo yakamuka panguva yekubhabhatidzwa kwaRus. Zita rayo rinobatanidzwa nekushandiswa kwezviratidzo zvakakosha - "mabhena" - nokuda kwekurekodha kwayo. Mazita avo akaoma kunzwisisa anobatanidzwa nemufananidzo wakajeka: bhenji, mudiwa, kapu, maviri muchikepe, etc. Mukuona, mabhena (nemamwe anozivikanwa sehokwe) musanganiswa wemadheshi, madotsi nemakoma.

Banner yega yega ine ruzivo nezvehurefu hwemanzwi, nhamba yavo muchinangwa chakapihwa, kutungamira kwekurira kwerwiyo uye maficha ekuita.

Manzwiro enziyo yeZnamenny akadzidziswa nevaimbi uye vatendi vechechi nekunzwa kubva kune masters of znamenny chant, sezvo chaiyo chaiyo yenziyo yeznamenny haina kunyorwa. Chete muzana remakore rechi17. Kuonekwa kweakakosha cinnabar (tsvuku) mamaki mumagwaro akaita kuti zvikwanise kudoma nhanho yehuku.

Icho chikamu chemweya cheZnamenny chant

Hazvigoneke kuti unzwisise kuti chii chinonzi Znamenny chant uye kukoshesa runako rwayo pasina kutaura nezvekukosha kwemweya kwekuimba muRussia Orthodox tsika. Samples of znamenny melodies ndiwo zvibereko zvekunyanya kufungisisa pamweya kwevakasika vavo. Zvinoreva kuimba znamenny zvakafanana neiyo yechiratidzo - kusunungurwa kwemweya kubva kune zvishuvo, kusununguka kubva kune zvinoonekwa zvenyika, saka kereke yekare yeRussia kubatana haina chromatic intonations inodiwa pakuratidza zvido zvevanhu.

Muenzaniso wenziyo yakagadzirwa pahwaro hweiyo Znamenny chant:

S. Trubachev "Nyasha dzeNyika"

Kutenda kune chiyero chediatonic, rwiyo rweZnamenny runonzwika rukuru, rusina tsitsi, uye rwakaomarara. Mutinhimira werwiyo rwemunamato weizwi rimwechete unoratidzwa nekufamba kwakatsetseka, kupfava kwakanaka kwekutaura, mutinhimira wakajeka, uye kuzara kwekuvaka. Kuimba kwacho kunotsinhirana zvakakwana norugwaro rwomudzimu rwuri kuimbwa, uye kuimba pamwe chete kunonangidzira ngwariro yavaimbi navateereri pamashoko omunyengetero wacho.

Kubva munhoroondo yeZnamenny chant

Znamenny notation muenzaniso

Kuti uburitse zvizere kuti chii chinonzi Znamenny chant, kutendeukira kune kwayakatangira kuchabatsira. Kuimba kwechechi yeZnamenny kunobva mutsika dzekare dzeByzantine, umo Orthodoxy yeRussia yakakwereta denderedzwa regore re osmoglasiya (kuparadzirwa kwenziyo dzechechi mumanzwi masere ekuimba). Inzwi rimwe nerimwe rine kutendeuka kwaro kwakajeka, inzwi rimwe nerimwe rakagadzirirwa kuratidza nguva dzakasiyana dzemamiriro emweya emunhu: kupfidza, kuzvininipisa, unyoro, kufara. Mutinhimira wega wega unobatanidzwa nerugwaro rwechitendero uye unosungirirwa kune imwe nguva yezuva, vhiki, kana gore.

MuRussia, nziyo dzevaimbi vechiGiriki dzakachinja zvishoma nezvishoma, dzichibatanidza mitauro yeChechi yeSlavonic, mataurirwo emimhanzi yeRussia uye mametimita, zvichiwana kunakidza kukuru uye kutsetseka.

Types of znamenny chant

Paunenge uchibvunza mubvunzo wekuti znamenny chant chii uye kuti ndeapi marudzi ayo anozivikanwa, munhu anofanirwa kuiona senge imwe mimhanzi system inombundira iyo. Znamenny, kana mbiru (manzwi masere anoumba “mbiru” seti yenziyo, inodzokororwa masvondo masere ega ega), mufambi uye demestine nziyo. Zvese izvi zvemimhanzi zvakabatanidzwa nechimiro chakavakirwa panziyo - pfupi melodic inotendeuka. Iyo inonzwika zvinhu inovakwa pahwaro hwetsika yechitendero uye karenda yekereke.

Kuimba rwiyo kuimba kwakadzama, kwemafaro, inova rudzi rwakaoma uye rwakashandurwa rwembiru chant. Chimbo chekufamba chinoratidzwa nekusimba, kusimba, uye rhythmic virtuosity.

Pamazita emhando dzakasiyana dzekuimba znamenny, iyo demesnic chant haina kubatanidzwa mubhuku reOctoechos ("eight-harmony"). Inosiyaniswa nehunhu hwakakomba hwekurira kwayo, inounzwa nenzira yemhemberero, inoshandiswa kuimba iyo inonyanya kukosha magwaro edzidziso, nziyo dzemasevhisi ehumambo, michato, uye kutsaurwa kwemakereke.

Pakupera kwezana remakore rechi16. iyo "big znamenny chant" yakazvarwa, iyo yakava nzvimbo yepamusoro mukuvandudzwa kwekuimba kweRussia znamenny. Yakawedzerwa uye ichiimba, yakapfava, isingakurumidze, yakashongedzerwa neakawanda ezvivakwa zvinoyevedza zvine hupfumi hwemukati-syllable chants, iyo "banner hombe" yakarira panguva dzakakosha dzesevhisi.