Mimhanzi yerudzi rwechiJapan: zviridzwa zvenyika uye marudzi

Mimhanzi yerudzi rwechiJapan chiitiko chakasiyana nekuda kwekuparadzaniswa kweZvitsuwa zveRising Sun uye nekuchenjera maitiro evanhu vanogara mazviri kutsika dzavo.

Ngatitangei titarise zvimwe zviridzwa zvechiJapan zvekuimba, uyezve mhando dzemhando dzemimhanzi yenyika ino.

Zviridzwa zvechiJapan zvemimhanzi

Shiamisen chimwe chezviridzwa zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa muJapan, ndeimwe yeanologies elute. Shamisen chiridzwa chine tambo nhatu chakabvutwa. Yakasimuka kubva ku sanshin, iyo yakabva yabva kuChinese sanxian (zvose mavambo anonakidza uye etymology yemazita inonakidza).

Shamisen achiri kuremekedzwa nhasi pazvitsuwa zveJapan: semuenzaniso, kuridza chiridzwa ichi chinowanzoshandiswa mumitambo yechinyakare yechiJapan - Bunraku neKabuki. Kudzidzira kutamba shamisen kunosanganisirwa mumaiko, chirongwa chekudzidzisa muunyanzvi hwekuva geisha.

Phew imhuri yemhando yepamusoro (yakajairika) nyere dzeJapan dzinowanzogadzirwa kubva mushenjere. Nyere iyi yakabva kuChina pombi "paixiao". Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yefouet ndeye kutsvangadzira, chiridzwa chemamongi echiBuddha cheZen. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti shakuhachi yakagadzirwa nemurombo apo aitakura bamboo ndokunzwa mhepo ichivhuvhuta rwiyo nepakati pemadzinde.

Kazhinji fue, senge shamisen, inoshandiswa pakuperekedza mumhanzi kune zviito zveBanraku kana Kabuki theatre, pamwe neakasiyana ensembles. Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe efouet, akatungidzwa nenzira yekuMadokero (sezviridzwa zvechromatic), anogona kuve ega. Pakutanga, kutamba fue kwaingova kodzero yekudzungaira mamongi eJapan.

Suikinkutsu - chiridzwa chiri muchimiro chejagi inverted, pamusoro pemvura inoyerera, ichipinda nemumakomba, inoita kuti inzwike. Ruzha rwesuikinkutsu rwakada kuti fananei nebhero.

Ichi chiridzwa chinonakidza chinowanzoshandiswa sechimiro chebindu reJapan; inoridzwa pamberi pemhemberero yetii (iyo inogona kuitika mubindu reJapan). Chinhu chacho ndechekuti ruzha rwechiridzwa ichi chinonyatso kufungisisa uye rinogadzira mafungiro ekufungisisa, ayo akakodzera kunyudzwa muZen, nokuti kuva mubindu uye mhemberero yetii chikamu chetsika yeZen.

Taiko - rakashandurwa kubva kuJapan kuenda kuRussia izwi iri rinoreva "ngoma". Sezvinongoitawo madhiramu mune dzimwe nyika, taiko yaive yakakosha muhondo. Zvirinani, izvi ndizvo zvinotaurwa nenhoroondo dzeGunji Yeshu: kana paine kurova kupfumbamwe kwepfumbamwe, izvi zvaireva kudaidza mubatanidzwa muhondo, uye zvipfumbamwe zvezvitatu zvaireva kuti muvengi anofanirwa kuteverwa.

Zvinokosha: panguva yemitambo yevadhiramu, kutarisa kunobhadharwa kune aesthetics yekushanda pachako. Kuonekwa kwekuimba kwemumhanzi muJapan hakuna kukosha kudarika rwiyo kana rwiyo rwechikamu.

Mhando dzenziyo dzeNyika yeZuva Rinobuda

Nziyo dzechiJapan dzakapfuura nematanho akati wandei ekukura kwayo: pakutanga yaive mimhanzi nenziyo dzemashiripiti (semarudzi ese), ipapo kuumbwa kwemhando dzenziyo kwakapesvedzerwa nedzidziso dzeBuddha neConfucian. Nenzira dzakawanda, mimhanzi yechinyakare yechiJapan inobatanidzwa nezviitiko zvetsika, mazororo, uye mitambo yemitambo.

Pamhando dzekare dzemimhanzi yenyika yeJapan, marudzi maviri anozivikanwa: nomwe (chiBhudha chants) uye gagaku (mumhanzi weorchestra wedare). Uye mhando dzemimhanzi dzisina midzi yekare ndeyeyasugi bushi uye enka.

Yasugi busi ndeimwe yemhando dzakajairika dzenziyo dzechinyakare muJapan. Inotumidzwa zita reguta reYasugi, kwayakagadzirwa pakati pezana ramakore rechi 19. Iwo madingindira makuru eYasugi Bushi anoonekwa seakakosha nguva dzenzvimbo yekare nhoroondo, uye ngano dzengano dzenguva dzevamwari.

“Yasugi bushi” ndiwo ese ari maviri ekutamba “dojo sukui” (apo kubata hove mumadhaka kunoratidzwa nenzira yemakomiki), uye hunyanzvi hwekutamba mumhanzi “zeni daiko”, uko hunde hweshenjere huzere nemari inoshandiswa sechiridzwa. .

Enka -Iri imhando yakatanga nguva pfupi yadarika, munguva yehondo. Mu enke, zviridzwa zvechiJapan zvinowanzorukwa kuita jazz kana mimhanzi yeblues (musanganiswa usina kujairika unowanikwa), uye zvakare unosanganisa chiJapan pentatonic chiyero neEuropean minor scale.

Zvimiro zvemumhanzi wechiJapan uye mutsauko wayo kubva mumhanzi wedzimwe nyika

Mimhanzi yenyika yeJapan ine hunhu hwayo hunoisiyanisa kubva kumitambo yemimhanzi yemamwe marudzi. Semuenzaniso, kune zviridzwa zvechiJapan zvekuimba - matsime ekuimba (suikinkutsu). Iwe haugone kuwana chimwe chinhu chakadai chero kupi zvako, asi kune mbiya dzemimhanzi muTibet, zvakare, nezvimwe?

Mimhanzi yeJapan inogona kugara ichichinja rhythm uye tempo, uye zvakare kushaya nguva masiginecha. Mimhanzi yevanhu veNyika yeZuva Rinokwira ine pfungwa dzakasiyana zvachose dzenguva; hazvina kujairika kune nzeve dzekuEurope.

Mimhanzi yechinyakare yeJapan inoratidzirwa nekuswedera kwakanyanya kune ruzha rwechisikigo, chishuwo chekureruka uye kuchena. Izvi hazvina kuitika: maJapan anoziva nzira yekuratidza runako muzvinhu zvakajairika.