Sergey Yakovlevich Lemeshev |

Sergei Lemeshev

PaBolshoi Theater, Sergei Yakovlevich aiwanzoita pachikuva apo Boris Emmanuilovich Khaikin akamira panzvimbo yenyaradzo. Hezvino izvo kondakita akataura nezvemumwe wake: “Ndakasangana uye ndikatamba nevakawanda vakatanhamara vezvizvarwa zvakasiyana. Asi pakati pavo pane mumwe chete wandinoda zvikuru - uye kwete chete semumwe muimbi, asi pamusoro pezvose semuimbi anovhenekera nemufaro! Uyu ndiye Sergei Yakovlevich Lemeshev. Unyanzvi hwake hwakadzama, kusanganisa kwakakosha kwezwi uye hunyanzvi hwepamusoro, mhedzisiro yebasa guru uye rakaoma - zvese izvi zvinotakura chitambi chekuchenjera kuri nyore uye nekukasira, kupinda mumoyo mako, kubata tambo dzemukati-kati. Kwose uko kune chinyorwa chinozivisa konzati yaLemeshev, zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti horo yacho ichange yakazara vanhu uye yaiswa magetsi! Uye zvakadaro kwemakore makumi mashanu. Patairidza pamwe chete, ini, ndakamira panokwirirwa kondakita, handina kukwanisa kuzviramba ndimene mufaro wokunyangira ndakatarira mumabhokisi omumativi, aisvikika nemaziso angu. Uye ndakaona sei, pasi pesimba rekufemerwa kwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, zviso zvevateereri zvaive nehupenyu.

Sergei Yakovlevich Lemeshev akaberekwa musi waChikunguru 10, 1902 mumusha weStaroe Knyazevo, mudunhu reTver, mumhuri yevarombo.

Mai vega ndivo vaifanira kudhonza vana vatatu, sezvo baba vakaenda kuguta kunoshanda. Kubva pazera remakore masere kana mapfumbamwe, Sergei akabatsira amai vake sezvaaigona: aibhadharwa kupura chingwa kana kuchengetedza mabhiza usiku. Kunyanya aifarira kuredza uye kutanha howa: “Ndaifarira kupinda musango ndoga. Apa chete, ndiri pamwe chete nemiti yebirch ine ushamwari yakanyarara, ndakashinga kuimba. Nziyo dzakagara dzichifadza mweya wangu, asi vana vaisafanira kuimba mumusha pamberi pevakuru. Ndainyanya kuimba nziyo dzekusuwa. Ndakabatwa mavari nemashoko anobata-bata aitaura nezvekusurukirwa, rudo rusingade. Uye kunyangwe zviri kure neizvi zvese zvaive pachena kwandiri, manzwiro eshungu akandibata, pamwe pasi pesimba rerunako rwerunako rweinosuruvarisa ... "

Muchirimo cha1914, maererano netsika yemusha, Sergei akaenda kuguta kunogadzira shangu, asi nokukurumidza Hondo Yenyika Yokutanga yakatanga uye akadzokera kumusha.

Mushure meKumukira kwaGumiguru, chikoro chehunyanzvi chevechidiki vekumaruwa chakarongwa mumusha, chichitungamirwa nenyanzvi yehurumende Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kvashnin. Aive shasha-mudzidzisi, aifarira zvemitambo yemitambo uye mumhanzi anoda. Naye Sergei akatanga kuimba, akadzidza nziyo notation. Ipapo akadzidza yekutanga opera aria - Lensky's aria kubva kuTchaikovsky's opera Eugene Onegin.

Paiva nechiitiko chinotyisa muupenyu hwaLemeshev. Nyanzvi yemimhanzi yakakurumbira EA Troshev:

“Mangwanani ekutonhora kwaZvita (1919. – Approx. Aut.), Mumwe mukomana wemumusha akaoneka pakirabhu yevashandi akatumidzwa zita reThird International. Akapfeka bhachi diki rakaputirwa, bhutsu uye tirauzi repepa, airatidzika ari mudiki: chokwadi, aingova nemakore gumi nemanomwe… Achinyemwerera nekunyara, jaya rakakumbira kuteererwa:

“Mune konzati nhasi,” akadaro, “ndinoda kuiridza.

— Ungaitei? akabvunza mukuru wechikwata.

“Imba,” yakauya mhinduro. - Heino repertoire yangu: nziyo dzeRussia, arias naLensky, Nadir, Levko.

Manheru mamwe chetewo, muimbi achangoburwa akatamba pakonzati yekirabhu. Mukomana akafamba mavhesi makumi mana nemasere nemuchando kuti aimbe rwiyo rwaLensky mukirabhu akafarira vateereri… . Kukunda kwacho kwakanga kusingatarisirwi uye kwakakwana! Kuombera maoko, kukorokotedza, kukwazisana - zvese zvakasanganiswa kumurume wechidiki kuita pfungwa imwechete yakasimba: "Ndichave muimbi!"

Zvisinei, pakunyengetedzwa neshamwari, akapinda chikoro chevatasvi vemabhiza kuti adzidze. Asi chido chisingadzivisiki cheunyanzvi, chekuimba, chakaramba chiripo. Muna 1921, Lemeshev akapasa bvunzo dzekupinda kuMoscow Conservatory. Mazana mashanu ekukumbira akaendeswa kune makumi maviri neshanu vacancies of vocal faculty! Asi mukomana wemumusha mudiki anokunda komiti yekusarudza yakasimba nehudo uye kunaka kwezwi rake. Sergei akatorwa mukirasi yake naPurofesa Nazariy Grigoryevich Raissky, mudzidzisi wezwi anozivikanwa, shamwari yaSI Taneeva.

Unyanzvi hwokuimba hwakanga hwakaomera Lemeshev: “Ndaifunga kuti kudzidza kuimba kwakanga kuri nyore uye kunofadza, asi kwakazova kunonyengera zvikuru zvokuti kwakanga kusingabviri kukugona. Ndakatadza kuziva kuti ndingaimba sei nemazvo! Kana kuti ndakapererwa nemweya wekufema ndokukwenya mhasuru dzepahuro, ipapo rurimi rwangu rwakatanga kupindirana. Uye zvakadaro ndakanga ndichifarira basa rangu remangwana remuimbi, iro rairatidzika kwandiri sekanakisisa munyika.

Muna 1925, Lemeshev akapedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory - pabvunzo, akaimba chikamu cheVaudemont (kubva Tchaikovsky's Opera Iolanta) uye Lensky.

Lemeshev anonyora kuti, “Pashure pemakirasi paimba yokuchengeta tsika, ndakagamuchirwa mustudio yeStanislavsky. Pasi pekutungamirirwa kwakananga kwetenzi mukuru wechikamu cheRussia, ndakatanga kudzidza basa rangu rekutanga - Lensky. Hazvina maturo kutaura, mune iyo chaiyo yekusika mamiriro akakomberedza Konstantin Sergeevich, kana kuti, izvo iye pachake akasika, hakuna munhu angave akafunga kutevedzera, kutevedzera mechanical yemufananidzo weumwe munhu. Tizere nokushingaira kwouduku, mashoko okuparadzanisa kubva kuna Stanislavsky, achikurudzirwa nengwariro yake youshamwari nokutarisira, takatanga kudzidza chinyorwa chaTchaikovsky chinonzi clavier uye chinyorwa chaPushkin. Zvechokwadi, ndaiziva zvose zvePushkin maitiro eLensky, pamwe chete nebhuku rose, nemoyo uye, kudzokorora mupfungwa, nguva dzose yakabudisa mukufungidzira kwangu, mumanzwiro angu, manzwiro emufananidzo wemudetembi wechidiki.

Apedza kudzidza kubva Conservatory, muimbi wechidiki akaita muSverdlovsk, Harbin, Tbilisi. Alexander Stepanovich Pirogov, uyo akambosvika muguta guru reGeorgia, anzwa Lemeshev, akamurayira kuti aedze ruoko rwake paBolshoi Theater zvakare, zvaakaita.

"Muchirimo cha1931, Lemeshev akaita debut yake paBolshoi Theater," anonyora ML Lvov. - Nekuda kwekutanga, akasarudza ma opera "The Snow Maiden" uye "Lakme". Kusiyana nechikamu cheGerald, chikamu cheBerendey chaive, sezvakaita, chakagadzirirwa muimbi wechidiki, ane ruzha rwakajeka rwerwiyo uye zvakasununguka nerejitari yepamusoro yemahara. Bato rinoda ruzha rwakajeka, izwi rakajeka. Iyo cantilena ine muto ye cello inoperekedza aria tsime inotsigira muimbi kupfava uye kwakadzikama kufema, sekunge ari kusvika kune iri kurwadza cello. Lemeshev akabudirira kuimba Berendey. Iyo yekutanga mu "Snegurochka" yakatosarudza nyaya yekunyora kwake muboka. Kuita paLakma hakuna kuchinja maonero akanaka uye sarudzo yakaitwa nemaneja. "

Nenguva isipi zita remuimbi mutsva weBolshoi Theatre rakava kuzivikanwa zvakanyanya. Vanoyemura Lemeshev vakaumba uto rose, vakazvipira kune chifananidzo chavo. Kuzivikanwa kwemuimbi kwakawedzera zvakanyanya mushure mekunge atamba basa remutyairi Petya Govorkov mufirimu Musical History. Firimu inoshamisa, uye, hongu, kutora chikamu kwemuimbi ane mukurumbira kwakabatsira zvakanyanya mukubudirira kwayo.

Lemeshev aive nechipo chezwi rerunako rwakasiyana uye rakasiyana netimbre. Asi panheyo iyi chete, angadai asina kusvika pakakwirira zvakadaro. Iye ndiye wekutanga uye mukuru wenyanzvi. Internal hupfumi hwemweya uye akamubvumira kusvika kumberi kwemazwi eunyanzvi. Mune iyi pfungwa, kutaura kwake kwakafanana: "Munhu achakwira pachikuva, uye iwe unofunga: o, inzwi rinoshamisa sei! Asi pano akaimba mbiri kana nhatu dzerudo, uye zvinova zvinofinha! Sei? Hongu, nokuti maari hamuna chiedza chemukati, munhu wacho pachake haafariri, haana chipo, asi Mwari chete ndiye akamupa inzwi. Uye zvinoitika neimwe nzira kutenderedza: inzwi remuimbi rinoratidzika kunge risinganzwisisike, asi ipapo akataura chimwe chinhu nenzira yakakosha, nenzira yake, uye kudanana kwakajairika kwakangoerekana kwapenya, kwakapenya nemanzwi matsva. Unoteerera muimbi akadaro nomufaro, nokuti ane zvaanoda kutaura. Ndicho chinhu chikuru. "

Uye muunyanzvi hwaLemeshev, unyanzvi hwezwi hwakajeka uye zvakadzika zvezvisikwa zvekugadzira zvakabatanidzwa nemufaro. Aiva nezvaaida kutaura kuvanhu.

Kwemakore makumi maviri nemashanu ari pachikuva cheBolshoi Theatre, Lemeshev akaimba zvikamu zvakawanda mumabasa eRussia uye Western European classics. Vadi vemimhanzi vakashuvira sei kusvika pakuimba paakaimba Duke muRigoletto, Alfred muLa Traviata, Rudolf muLa Boheme, Romeo muRomeo naJuliet, Faust, Werther, uyewo Berendey muThe Snow Maiden, Levko mu“May Night. ", Vladimir Igorevich mu "Prince Igor" uye Almaviva mu "Barber yeSeville" ... Muimbi wacho aigara achifadza vateereri nezwi rakanaka, rinofadza nenzwi rake, kupinda mupfungwa, kukwezva.

Asi Lemeshev anewo basa rinodiwa uye rakabudirira zvikuru - iyi Lensky. Akaita chikamu kubva "Eugene Onegin" kanopfuura ka500. Zvinoshamisa kuti zvaienderana nemufananidzo wenhetembo wetenor yedu ine mbiri. Pano runako rwake rwemazwi uye dariro, kutendeseka kwemwoyo wose, kujekesa kusinganzwisisike kwakafadza zvachose vateereri.

Muimbi wedu ane mukurumbira Lyudmila Zykina anoti: "Chokutanga, Sergey Yakovlevich akapinda mukuziva kwevanhu vezera rangu nemufananidzo wakasarudzika waLensky kubva kuTchaikovsky's opera "Eugene Onegin" mukutendeseka uye kuchena kwake. Lensky yake yakavhurika uye yakatendeseka chimiro, ichibatanidza hunhu hwehunhu hweRussia yenyika. Iri basa rakava zviri mukati mehupenyu hwake hwese hwekusika, zvichinzwika senge apotheosis yakanakisa pamhemberero ichangoburwa yemuimbi paBolshoi Theatre, uyo kwemakore akawanda akarumbidza kukunda kwake.

Nemuimbi anoshamisa weopera, vateereri vaigara vachisangana muhoro dzemakonzati. Zvirongwa zvake zvaive zvakasiyana-siyana, asi kazhinji aitendeukira kumakirasi echiRussia, achitsvaga uye nekuwana runako rusina kuongororwa mairi. Achinyunyuta pamusoro pedzimwe ganhuriro dzeimba yemitambo, nyanzvi yemifananidzo yakasimbisa kuti pachikuva chekonzati akanga ari tenzi wake amene uye naizvozvo aigona kusarudza rwiyo rwemhanzi nokuzvidira kwake. “Handina kumbobvira ndatora chinhu chaipfuura simba rangu. Nenzira, makonzati akandibatsira mubasa reopera. Mazana ekudanana naTchaikovsky, andakaimba mumakwikwi emakonti mashanu, akazova chitubu cheRomeo yangu - chikamu chakaoma zvikuru. Pakupedzisira Lemeshev akaimba nziyo dzechiRussia kakawanda. Uye kuti akaimba sei - nomwoyo wose, zvinobaya mwoyo, nechiyero chenyika zvechokwadi. Mwoyo ndiwo wakasiyanisa muimbi pakutanga paakaimba nziyo dzechivanhu.

Mushure mekupera kwebasa rake semuimbi, Sergei Yakovlevich muna 1959-1962 akatungamirira Opera Studio kuMoscow Conservatory.

Lemeshev akafa June 26, 1977.