Valery Alexandrovich Gavrilin |

Valery Gavrilin

“Chishuwo changu ndechekusvika kumweya wemunhu wese nemimhanzi yangu. Ndinogara ndichikwenya nekurwadziwa: vachanzwisisa here? - aya mazwi aV. Gavrilin anoita searamu isina maturo: mimhanzi yake haisi kungonzwisiswa, inodiwa, inozivikanwa, inodzidza, inoyemura, inotevedzwa. Kukunda kwepasirese kubudirira kweRussia Notebook, Chimes, uye Anyuta ballet chiratidzo cheizvi. Uye chakavanzika chekubudirira uku hachisi chete mune isingawanzo, yakasarudzika tarenda remunyori, asiwo mukuti vanhu venguva yedu vari kushuvira chaizvo rudzi urwu rwemimhanzi - yakavanzika uye yakadzika yakadzika. Iyo organically inosanganisa iyo yechokwadi yeRussia uye yepasirese, chokwadi chekare uye zvakanyanya kurwadza nyaya dzenguva yedu, kuseka uye kusuwa, uye iyo yakakwirira yemweya inonatsa uye inogutsa mweya. Uye zvakadaro - Gavrilin akapihwa zvakanyanya chipo chisingawanzo, chinovava uye chitsvene chemuimbi wechokwadi - kugona kunzwa kurwadziwa kwemumwe munhu sekwake ...

"Matarenda eRussia, unobvepi?" Gavrilin aigona kupindura uyu mubvunzo waE. Yevtushenko nemashoko aA. Exupery: “Ndinobva kupi? Ini kubva paudiki hwangu ..." Kuna Gavrilin, sezviuru zvevezera rake - "maronda akakuvadzwa", hondo yaive kindergarten. "Nziyo dzekutanga muhupenyu hwangu dzaive mhere-mhere nekuchema kwevakadzi vakagamuchira mariro kubva kumberi," achataura gare gare, atova munhu mukuru. Aive nemakore maviri pakasvika mariro kumhuri yavo - muna Nyamavhuvhu 2, baba vake vakafa pedyo neLeningrad. Ipapo pakanga paine makore marefu ehondo uye imba yenherera muVologda, uko vana vaimhanyisa imba ivo pachavo, vakadyara bindu, vakacheka uswa, vakasuka pasi, vakachengeta mhou. Uye nherera yaivawo nekwaya yayo uye orchestra yevanhu, pakanga pane piano uye mudzidzisi wemimhanzi T. Tomashevskaya, uyo akazarura mukomana kune nyika ine mutsa uye inoshamisa yemimhanzi. Uye rimwe zuva, apo mudzidzisi weLeningrad Conservatory akauya kuVologda, vakamuratidza mukomana anoshamisa uyo, asati aziva zvinyorwa zvakanaka, anonyora mimhanzi! Uye kuguma kwaValery kwakachinja zvikuru. Nenguva isipi runhare rwakabva kuLeningrad uye wechidiki ane makore gumi nemana akabuda kuti apinde chikoro chemimhanzi paimba yemitambo. Akaendeswa kukirasi ye<em>clarinet, uye makore mashomanana gare gare, apo dhipatimendi revanyori rakavhurwa pachikoro chacho, akatamira ikoko.

Valery akadzidza nechido, nemufaro, nekubvutwa. Pamwe chete nevezera rake, vachifunga zvakaenzana naY. Temirkanov, Y. Simonov, akaridza ese sonatas uye symphonies yaI. Haydn, L. Beethoven, zvese zvitsva zvaD. Shostakovich naS. Prokofiev, izvo zvaakakwanisa kuwana, ndaiedza kunzwa mumhanzi pose pazvaibvira . Gavrilin akapinda muLeningrad Conservatory muna 1958, mukirasi yekunyora yeO. Evlakhov. Akanyora zvakawanda, asi mugore rechitatu akangoerekana achinja kuenda kudhipatimendi remimhanzi uye akatora zvakanyanya ngano. Akaenda kune dzimwe nyika, akanyora nziyo, akanyatsotarisa muupenyu, akateerera mutauro wevanhu vomumusha, anozivikanwa kwaari kubva pauduku, akaedza kunzwisisa maitiro avo, pfungwa, manzwiro avo. Raiva basa rakaoma kwete rekunzwa chete, asi remoyo, mweya, nepfungwa. Yakanga iri panguva iyi, mumisha yakasakadzwa nehondo, ine hurombo yekuchamhembe, uko kwaisava nevarume, vaiteerera nziyo dzevakadzi, vakazara nekusuwa kusinganzvengeki uye hope dzisingaperi dzehupenyu hwakasiyana, hwakanaka, Gavrilin akatanga kuziva uye akazvigadzirira chinangwa. uye zvinoreva kusika kwemunyori - kubatanidza zvakabudirira zvemhando yepamusoro dzemimhanzi neaya emazuva ese, "akaderera" marudzi, umo hupfumi hwechokwadi nhetembo uye runako zvakavanzwa. Munguva iyi, Gavrilin akanyora basa rinonakidza uye rakadzama pamusoro pemabviro erwiyo rwevanhu veV. Solovyov-Sedogo basa, uye muna 3 akapedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory semumhanzi-folklorist mukirasi yaF. Rubtsov. Zvisinei, haana kusiya kuumba mimhanzi zvakare, mumakore ake ekupedzisira akanyora 1964 tambo quartets, symphonic suite "Cockroach", rwiyo rwezwi paSt. V. Shefner, 3 sonatas, comic cantata "Takataura nezveunyanzvi", vocal cycle "German notebook" paSt. G. Heine. Kutenderera uku kwakaitwa paUnion of Composers, yakagamuchirwa noushamwari nevateereri, uye kubvira ipapo yakava chikamu cherepertoire yekusingaperi yevanyori vakawanda.

Shostakovich akaziva mabasa aGavrilin uye akamurayira zvakasimba kuti apinde chikoro. Mushure mekunge apasa bvunzo dzese dzedhipatimendi remunyori uye bvunzo dzekupinda, Gavrilin akava mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza. Sebasa rekupedza kudzidza, akapa kutenderera kwezwi "Russian Notebook". Uye pakupera kwa1965, mukati memazuva gumi eLeningrad art art muMoscow, basa iri rakaitwa kekutanga pakonzati yekupedzisira uye rakaita ruzha! Wechidiki, asingazivikanwi munyori ainzi "musical Yesenin", akayemura tarenda rake; muna 1967 akapiwa State Prize of RSFSR. MI Glinka, achive mudiki wepasi rose mubairo wepamusoro uyu.

Mushure mekubudirira kwekukunda kwakadaro uye kuzivikanwa, zvakanga zvakaoma zvikuru kumuimbi wechidiki kuti agadzire rimwe basa rinotevera repamusoro-soro reunyanzvi. Kwemakore anoverengeka, Gavrilin, sokunge zvakadaro, "anoenda mumumvuri." Anonyora zvakawanda uye nguva dzose: iyi mimhanzi yemafirimu, mitambo yemitambo, maduku maduku eimba, piyano zvidimbu. Shamwari nevamwe vakuru vaanoshanda navo vanonyunyuta kuti haanyori mimhanzi yakakura uye kazhinji anonyora zvishoma. Uye zvino 1972 inounza 3 mabasa makuru panguva imwe chete: opera The Tale of the Violinist Vanyusha (yakabva pane zvinyorwa naG. Uspensky), yechipiri German Notebook paSt. G. Heine uye nhetembo yezwi-symphonic paSt. A. Shulgina "Tsamba dzeMauto". Kwapera gore, kutenderera kwezwi "Manheru" kwakaonekwa nemusoro wekuti "Kubva kuMukadzi Wekare Album", yechitatu "German Notebook", uyezve iyo vocal-symphonic cycle "Earth" paSt. A. Shulgina.

Mune rimwe nerimwe remabhuku aya, Gavrilin anoshandisa dzidziso yake yekusika: "Kutaura nemuteereri mumutauro unonzwisisika kwaari." Anokunda gomba ravepo zvino pakati pemimhanzi yepop, mimhanzi yemazuva ese uye yakakomba, mimhanzi yezvidzidzo. Kune rimwe divi, Gavrilin anogadzira nziyo dzepop dzemhando yepamusoro yehunyanzvi zvekuti kamuri uye kunyange vaimbi veopera vanozvida. ("Mabhiza anomhanya usiku" akaitwa naI. Bogacheva). Nezve rwiyo "Vakoma Vaviri", tenzi anoshamisa G. Sviridov anonyorera munyori: "Chinhu chinoshamisa! Ndinoinzwa kechipiri ndokuchema. Runako rwupi, chimiro chitsva sei, chakasikwa sei. Kuchinja kunoshamisa kwakadii: murwiyo kubva padingindira kuenda kudingindira, kubva pavhesi kuenda pavhesi. Inyanzvi. Nditendei!” Makirasi emhando iyi aive nziyo dzekuti "Rudo rucharamba", "Ndisonera chipfeko chichena, amai" kubva mufirimu "Pazuva remuchato", inoyevedza "Joke".

Kune rumwe rutivi, Gavrilin inogadzira mabasa emhando huru - masutu, nhetembo, cantatas achishandisa nzira dzemazuva ano mimhanzi yepop. Achitaura nezvemabasa ake kunyanya kune vechidiki, munyori haarerutsa "yepamusoro" mhando dzemimhanzi yekare, asi anogadzira rudzi rutsva, iyo nyanzvi yemimhanzi A. Sohor yakadana "song-symphonic".

Drama theatre inoita basa rakakura muhupenyu hwekusika hwaValery Gavrilin. Akanyora mimhanzi yemitambo makumi masere mumaguta akasiyana enyika. Muimbi pachake anoona basa rechina chete kuti rakabudirira zvakakwana: "Mushure mekuurayiwa, ndinokumbira" paLeningrad Youth Theater, "Usaparadzana nevadiwa vako" paLeningrad Theater. Lenin Komsomol, Masaga matatu egorosi yesora muABDT iwo. M. Gorky, "Stepan Razin" munhandare. E. Vakhtangov. Basa rekupedzisira rakashanda sekusimudzira kwekugadzira rimwe remabasa anokosha eGavrilin - choral symphony-chiito "Chimes". (maererano naV. Shukshin), akapa Mubayiro weHurumende weUSSR. "Chimes" inoumbwa nenziyo mbiri dzakafanana mumhando: "Muchato" (80) uye "Mufudzi uye Mufudzikadzi" (maererano naV. Astafiev, 1978) yevanoimba solo, kwaya uye ensemble yezviridzwa. Zvose 1983 zvinyorwa, pamwe chete neoratorio "Skomorokhi" yakapera muna 3 uye yakatanga kuitwa muna 1967 (pachiteshi cheV. Korostylev), yakanyorwa mumhando yakagadzirwa naGavrilin. zvinoshanda. Inobatanidza maitiro e oratorio, opera, ballet, symphony, kutenderera kwezwi, kuita kunoshamisa. Muzhinji, iyo yemitambo, chiratidziro, yekufananidzira kongiri yemimhanzi yaGavrilin yakajeka zvekuti dzimwe nguva kutenderera kwake kwezwi kunoitwa munhandare yemimhanzi ( "Manheru", "Matsamba Echiuto").

Zvakanga zvisingatarisirwi zvachose kune munyori pachake kwaiva kubudirira kwake kunoshamisa semuimbi webhallet. Mutungamiri A. Belinsky muzvikamu zvakasiyana zve orchestral uye piyano naGavrilin, yakanyorwa makore 10-15 apfuura, akaona, kana kuti akanzwa, ballet inobva pachirongwa cheA. Chekhov nyaya "Anna paMutsipa". Gavrilin anotaura pamusoro peizvi kwete pasina kuseka: "Zvinoitika kuti, ndisingazivi, ndave ndichinyora mimhanzi ye ballet kwenguva yakareba, uye kunyange kubatsira kuisa mifananidzo yaChekhov pachikuva. Asi izvi hazvishamisi. Chekhov ndiye munyori wandinofarira. Kusagadzikana, kusachengeteka, hunyoro hunokosha hwevatambi vake, nhamo yerudo rusingafadzi, kuchena, kusuwa kwakajeka, ruvengo rwehutsvina - ndaida kuratidza zvese izvi mumhanzi. The TV ballet "Anyuta" ane brilliant E. Maksimova naV. Vasiliev akanga ari kubudirira kwechokwadi, akakunda mibairo yepasi rose, yakatengwa nemakambani eterevhizheni e114 munyika! Muna 1986 Anyuta yakaitwa muItaly, paSan Carlo Theatre muNeapolitan, uyezve muMoscow, paBolshoi Theatre yeU.SR. Union, uyewo muRiga, Kazan, uye Chelyabinsk.

Kuenderera mberi kwekubatana kwekusika kwevatenzi vanoshamisa kwaiva TV ballet "House by the Road" yakabva kuna A. Tvardovsky, yakaitwa naV. Vasiliev. Muna 1986, Leningrad Modern Ballet Theater pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaB. Eifman yakaratidza ballet Lieutenant Romashov kubva paA. Kuprin nyaya The Duel. Mumabasa ese ari maviri, izvo zvakava zviitiko zvakakurumbira muhupenyu hwedu hwemimhanzi, zvinosuruvarisa zvemimhanzi yaGavrilin zvakaratidzwa zvakanyanya. Muna March 1989, munyori akapedza chikamu cheballet "The Marriage of Balzaminov" mushure meA. Ostrovsky, iyo yakatowana chimiro chayo chemufirimu mufirimu itsva naA. Belinsky.

Musangano mutsva wega wega nebasa raValery Gavrilin unova chiitiko muhupenyu hwedu hwetsika. Mimhanzi yake nguva dzose inounza mutsa uye chiedza, iyo munyori pachake akati: "Pane chiedza uye chichagara chiripo muupenyu. Uye zvichagara zvichifadza kubuda pachena, kuona kuti yakakura uye yakanaka sei nyika yeRussia! Uye pasinei nokuti nyika inochinja sei, mune runako, hana, uye tariro mairi.”

N. Salnis