Side tone |

Noti yechiFrench yakawedzerwa, nem. Zusatzton, Zusatzton

Inzwi rezwi risiri re (rinowedzerwa kune) hwaro hwemaumbirwo aro. Mune imwe dudziro, P. t. i“ruzha rusiri rwechord (kureva kuti, rusina kubatanidzwa muchimiro chetertian chechodhi), icho chinowana chinowirirana mukonzonenzi yakapiwa sechinhu chinoumbwa nacho” ( Yu. N. Tyulin ); Dudziro dziri mbiri dzinogona kubatanidzwa. Kazhinji, P.t. inotaurwa nezvayo maererano nezwi risingabatanidzwe muchimiro chetertian chord (somuenzaniso, yechitanhatu muD7). Musiyano unoitwa pakati pekutsiva (kutorwa pachinzvimbo cheyakabatana chordal) uye inopinda (inotorwa pamwe chete nayo).

F. Chopin. Mazurka op. 17 ne4.

PI Tchaikovsky. 6th symphony, kufamba IV.

P. t. zvinogoneka maererano kwete chete kune chechitatu chords, asiwo kune chords yechimwe chimiro, pamwe ne polychords:

Kuwedzerwa kweP tones (kunyanya maviri kana matatu P. tones) kunowanzoita kuti kushandurwa kwetambo kuva polychord. P. t. gadzira matatu-element inoshanda musiyano muchimiro cheiyo chord: 1) chikuru. inzwi ("mudzi" wechord), 2) mamwe matani emhando huru. zvivako (pamwe chete nezwi guru "core" yechord) uye 3) toni dzechipiri (maererano neP. t., "core" inobata basa rakafanana ne "inzwi guru" repamusoro). Nekudaro, iyo yakapfava inoshanda hukama inogona kuchengetedzwa kunyangwe ine polyphonic dissonant chord:

SS Prokofiev. "Romeo naJuliet" (10 zvidimbu zvefp. op. 75, No 5, "Masks").

Sechiitiko chekufunga kwe harmonic P. t. yakanyatsobatanidzwa nenhoroondo ye dissonance. Yechinomwe yakatanga kuiswa muchord (D7) semhando ye "chando" ichipfuura ruzha. Iyo kinetics ye chord dissonance chiyeuchidzo chekwakabva, ye "side-tone" maitiro. Crystallized mu17-18 mazana emakore. tertsovye chords (zvose consonant uye dissonant) zvakagadziriswa, zvisinei, senormative consonances. Naizvozvo, P.t. haifanirwe kusiyaniswa mumakoni akadai seV7 kana II6/5, asi mumakonzonenzi akaomesesa (kusanganisira makonzonenzi, manzwi ayo anogona kurongwa muzvikamu zvitatu, semuenzaniso, "tonic ine yechitanhatu"). P. t. ine hukama neiyo acciaccatura, nzira yekuita yezana ramakore rechi 17 nerechi18. (pamwe naD. Scarlatti, L. Couperin, JS Bach). P. t. yakawana kuparadzirwa kwakati mukutsinhirana kwezana ramakore rechi 19. (mhedzisiro ye tonic neyechitanhatu mune yechipiri dingindira rekupedzisira kweBeethoven's 27th sonata yepiyano, "Chopin's" inotonga neyechitanhatu, nezvimwewo). P. t. yakava chishandiso chetsika mukuwirirana kwezana ramakore rechi20. Kunonzwisiswa pakutanga se "mamwe manotsi" (VG Karatygin), kureva seasina-chord inonzwika "yakanamatira" muchord, P. t. chikamu, chakaenzana nezvikamu zvemanzwi uye asiri-chord.

Sedzidziso pfungwa yeP. t. inodzokera kune pfungwa yeu1bu1bthe "yakawedzerwa yechitanhatu" (chitanhatu ajoutée) naJP Rameau (mukutevera f2 a2 c1 d1 - c2 g2 c1 e1 toni huru ye1st chord ndif, kwete d, inova a PT, dissonance yakawedzerwa kune triad f2 a4 cXNUMX). X. Riemann akafunga kuti P. t. (Zusdtze) imwe yenzira XNUMX dzekugadzira dissonant chords (pamwe neisina-chord inonzwika pane inorema uye yakajeka mabhiti, pamwe nekuchinja). O. Messiaen akapa P. t. mamwe mafomu akaoma. GL Catuar anosarudza izwi rokuti “P. t.” manzwi asiri-chord, asi anonyanya kufunga nezve "harmonic musanganiswa wakaumbwa nedivi toni". Yu. N. Tyulin anopa P. t. dudziro yakafanana, achizvipatsanura kuva kutsiviwa nokudzika midzi.

References: Karatygin VG, Impressionist muimbi. (Kugadzirwa kweDebussy's Peléas et Melisande), Speech, 1915, No 290; Catuar GL, Theoretical course of harmony, chikamu 2, M., 1925; Tyulin Yu. N., Bhuku Rokuwirirana, chikamu 2, M., 1959; yake pachake, Kupindirana kwemazuva ano uye kwayakabva munhoroondo, muunganidzwa: Mibvunzo yeContemporary Music, L., 1963, zvakafanana, muunganidzwa: Theoretical Problems of Music of the 1th Century, vol. 1967, M., 2; Rashinyan ZR, Bhuku reKuwirirana, bhuku. 1966, Er., 1 (muchiArmenian); Kiseleva E., Sekondari TONES Mukuwirirana kweProkofiev, mu: Theoretical matambudziko emimhanzi yezana 1967th century, vol. 4, M., 1973; Rivano NG, Muverengi mukuwirirana, chikamu 8, M., 18, p. sere; Gulyanitskaya NS, Dambudziko reiyo chord mukuwirirana kwemazuva ano: nezve dzimwe pfungwa dzeAnglo-America, mu: Mibvunzo yeMumhanzi, Proceedings of the State. Musical uye Pedagogical Institute. Gnesins, kwete. 1976, Moscow, 1887; Riemann H., Handbuch der Harmonielehre, Lpz., 1929, 20; Carner M., Chidzidzo chetsinhirano yezana ramakore rechi 1942, L., (1944); Messiaen O., Technique de mon langage musical. P., (1951); Zvikamu R., Harmonic tsika, NY, (1961); Rersichetti V., Twentieth century kuwirirana NY, (1966); Ulehla L., Contemporary kuwirirana. Romanticism kuburikidza nemutsara wegumi nembiri, NY-L., (XNUMX).

Yu. H. Kholopov