Donat Antonovich Donatov |

Donat Donatov

Zvinokwanisika here kuti, semuenzaniso, munhoroondo yekupenda, mimhanzi kana mabhuku, vamwe vane tarenda vane tarenda, vakakanganwa zvisina kufanira, vanosara? Kana izvi zvikaitika, zvino zvinenge zvisiri izvo, zvinogoneka, kunyanya maererano nevatenzi vemazuva ekare, avo nhaka yavo nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero yakarasika zvachose kana kuti chikamu. Chaizvoizvo, nhoroondo inoisa munhu wose nezvose panzvimbo yayo - kubwinya "kunopfuura" avo vasingazivikanwi munguva yehupenyu mushure mekufa!

Mumitambo yemitambo, izvi zvinoitika nguva dzose, uye kunyanya mumanzwi - izvi zvakanyanya kunyengedza uye zvine musoro "nyaya". Pamusoro pezvo, kuita zvemitambo ndeye ephemeral maererano ne "chinhu", iripo chete pano uye ikozvino. Izvo zvakare zvinoenderana nemamiriro mazhinji emurindiri. Ndeapi maitiyeta kana mahoro emakonzati akaimba muimbi, uyo akamutsigira uye "kukwidziridzwa" kwaakaitwa, pane zvakarekodhwa zvakasara shure kwake? Uye, zvechokwadi, kuravira kwe "vatungamiri" kubva kune unyanzvi - muiti wacho aivimba zvachose nazvo.

Zvino ndinoda kubvunza: vangani vanhu vanoziva inoshamisa teno Donat Donatov, kunze, hongu, nyanzvi dzakamanikana munhoroondo yekuimba uye vanofarira mimhanzi vanoda-vazivi? Kana zita raIvan Zhadan, semuenzaniso (tatonyora nezvake), rakanyatsogadziriswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvezvematongerwo enyika, zvino chii chakaitika kuna Donatov, nei zita rake risingazivikanwi kune vakawanda vanoda opera? Asi hapana chakakosha. Haana kungoimba paBolshoi kana Kirov theatre. Uye izvo zvatokwana here? Asi hechino chimwe chokwadi chinoshamisa. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, bhuku rakagadzirwa nechicly rine mavhoriyamu maviri pamusoro peMALEGOTH rakabudiswa, umo Donatov akapedza nguva yakawanda mukutanga kwe50s, zvichiita kuti vanhu vafare. Zvisinei, vanyori vebhuku havana kuwana izwi rimwechete (?) remuimbi uyu, ukuwo M. Dovenman akawanikwa ari mukwikwidzi wake wechikuva.

Donat Antonovich Lukshtoraub, uyo akaita pasi pezita renhema Donatov, akaberekerwa muSt. Mudzidzisi wake wezwi aiva Vladimir Shetokhin-Alvarets, mudzidzi weLamperti. Kuno muRiga, Donatov akaita debut yake paRiga Private Traveling Opera saHerman.

Peji itsva muhupenyu hwake iItaly, uko Donatov anoenda muna 1937. Pano akaongorora naGigli, akadzidza naPertile. Musi waKurume 7, 1939, muimbi akaita debut yake pachikuva cheVenetian theatre La Fenice muIl trovatore. Pamwe chete naye mumutambo uyu, Maria Canilla naCarlo Tagliabue vakaimba. Mamwe mabasa aDonatov pachinhanho ichi anosanganisira Alfred muLa Traviata, umo Toti dal Monte aive shamwari yake.

Kumuka kwehondo kwakadzivirira imwezve basa remuItaly remuimbi. Akanga achidzokera kuItaly, asi akamanikidzwa kugara muRiga. Pashure pokunge Latvia yatorwa nemauto eGermany, vagari vayo vose vakanzi vadzorwi veThird Reich. Donatov anotumirwa kunoshanda kuGermany. Pano akaimba munhandare dzeDresden, Königsberg. Manheru okusunungurwa kweLatvia, muimbi akadzokera kunyika yake, kwaakabatanidzwa mubato rezvematongerwo enyika.

Mushure mekudzorerwa kwehupenyu hune rugare, basa raDonatov rakatangazve muSoviet Union. Muna 1949-51. akaita muOdessa kwemwaka miviri. Ndangariro dzevakararama panguva iyoyo dzakachengetedzwa nezvenguva iyi yebasa rake. Veruzhinji veOdessa opera, vakajaira tsika dzechiItaly dzakanakisa kubva nguva dzisati dzave shanduko, vakakwazisa mugadziri nemufaro. Nhau yeinopenya yakapararira muguta rose pakarepo, uye imba yemitambo yakatanga kuzara pamitambo yake. Zvinotoshamisa ndezvokuti mumakore iwayo ekurwisana ne "rootless cosmopolitanism" Donatov akanga ari iye oga muimbi aibvumirwa kuimba muchiItaly. Pakati pemabasa ake ekorona ndiJose, Canio, Turiddu, Othello, Radames, Duke.

Heano zvidimbu zvememoir yemumwe wevanoyemura tarenda raDonatov mumakore ekukunda kwake kweOdessa, yakabudiswa munguva ichangopfuura mumagazini yeOdessa:

"... mitambo yese yaDonatov yakaitirwa muhoro yaive nevanhu vakawanda ine mucherechedzo wekorona arias, ine maruva asingaverengeki, dutu rekuombera iro rakatora nguva yakareba zvekuti dzimwe nguva vashandi vepanhandare, vaneta nekumirira, vakatanga kudzikisa keteni rekongiri rakasimbiswa (the keteni rakabviswa nhasi nekuda kwehuremu hwaro hunoshamisa, izvo zvakakonzera kutanga kwekuparadzwa kwechivako). Uye apo 2-3 mamita akasara pakati pemusoro neketeni, muiti wacho akabva pachikuva, uye vateereri vakabuda muimba.

"Tinotenda Donatov, bhizinesi repasi pevhu rakamuka muOdessa Opera: vatori vemifananidzo vemitambo vakakwikwidzana kuti vatore muimbi mumabasa uye hupenyu, uye iyi mifananidzo kubva pasi pevhu (!) Uye zvino vazhinji vekare veOdessans vanochengeta iyi mifananidzo. "

Yerevan, Baku, Tbilisi, Saratov, Novosibirsk - iyi ndiyo geography yekushanya kwaDonatov. Baritone yakakurumbira Batu Kraveishvili, muzvinyorwa zvake zvisingakanganwiki, anoti panguva yemitambo nekutora chikamu kwaDonatov, zvifambiso zvakamira mumigwagwa yepakati yeTbilisi pedyo neShota Rustaveli Theatre - mazana evanhu akateerera muimbi.

Muna 50s Donatov akadzokera kuguta pauduku hwake. Akatamba kwemwaka yakati wandei paLeningrad Maly Opera uye Ballet Theatre. Hurukuro yake inoshamisa yerunako baritone coloring yakaenderera (nenhamo kwete kwenguva refu) kukunda vanoda opera. Muguta riri paNeva, akagumisa upenyu hwake musi waApril 27, 1995.

Mumwe wandaizivana naye, muzivi, ainyatsoziva Donatov uye akandiudza nezvake. Akashamisika kuti muimbi wacho aida sei nekuzvipira ... kwete inzwi rake pachake, asi manzwi evamwe vaimbi, akaunganidza zvinyorwa zvine zvinyorwa zvisingawanzoitiki.

Paaigadzirira chinyorwa chehupenyu pamusoro peDonatov, zvinhu zveM. Malkov zvakashandiswa.

E. Tsodokov