Rodolphe Kreutzer |
Rodolphe Kreutzer
Nyanzvi mbiri dzevanhu, imwe neimwe nenzira yavo, yakasvibisa zita raRodolphe Kreutzer - Beethoven naTolstoy. Wekutanga akazvitsaurira imwe yeakanakisa violin sonatas kwaari, yechipiri, yakafuridzirwa neiyi sonata, yakagadzira iyo yakakurumbira nyaya. Munguva yehupenyu hwake, Kreuzer aifarira mukurumbira wepasirese semumiriri mukuru wechikoro cheFrench classical violin.
Mwanakomana wemuimbi ane mwero akashanda muCourt Chapel yaMarie Antoinette, Rodolphe Kreuzer akaberekerwa muVersailles munaNovember 16, 1766. Akawana dzidzo yake yepuraimari achitungamirirwa nababa vake, avo vakapasa mukomana, paakatanga kuita. kufambira mberi nekukurumidza, kuAntonin Stamits. Uyu mudzidzisi anoshamisa, akatama kubva kuMannheim kuenda kuParis muna 1772, aive mushandi pamwe naBaba Rodolphe muMarie Antoinette Chapel.
Zviitiko zvese zvinonetsa zvenguva yaaigara Kreuzer zvakapfuura zvakanakisa kune ramangwana rake. Pazera remakore gumi nematanhatu akaonekwa uye airemekedzwa zvikuru semuimbi; Marie Antoinette akamukoka kuTrianon kune konzati muimba yake uye akaramba achifadzwa nekutamba kwake. Nenguva isipi, Kreutzer akarwadziwa zvikuru - mukati memazuva maviri akafirwa nababa naamai vake uye akasiiwa akaremerwa nevanun'una nehanzvadzi ina, ivo vaiva mukuru wavo. Murume wechidiki akamanikidzwa kuvatora mukutarisira kwake kwakazara uye Marie Antoinette anouya kuzomubatsira, achipa nzvimbo yababa vake muCourt Chapel yake.
Somwana, pazera remakore 13, Kreutzer akatanga kunyora, chaizvoizvo, asina kudzidziswa kwakakosha. Paakanga ava nemakore 19, akanyora First Violin Concerto uye maopera maviri, ayo akanga akakurumbira mudare zvokuti Marie Antoinette akamuita muimbi wekamuri uye muimbi wedare. Mazuva anonetsa echimurenga cheFrench bourgeois Kreutzer akapedza pasina zororo muParis uye akawana mukurumbira mukuru semunyori wemabasa akati wandei, ayo aive budiriro inoshamisa. Nhoroondo, Kreutzer aive weiyo galaxy yevanyori vekuFrance vane basa rakabatana nekusikwa kweiyo inonzi "opera yeruponeso". Mumaopera emhando iyi, motifs ehudzvinyiriri, madingindira ekurwisa mhirizhonga, ugamba, uye ugari hwevagari vemo akakudziridzwa. Rutivi rwe“recue operas” rwakanga rwuri rwokuti zvirevo zvorusununguko kazhinji kazhinji zvakaganhurirwa kugadziriro yemutambo wemhuri. Kreutzer akanyorawo maopera emhando iyi.
Yekutanga yeiyi yaive mimhanzi yeDeforge yenhoroondo yedhirama Joan weArc. Kreuzer akasangana naDesforges muna 1790 paakatungamira boka remaviolin ekutanga muorc stra yeItaly Theatre. Mugore iroro, mutambo wakaitwa uye wakabudirira. Asi opera "Paul naVirginia" yakamuunzira mukurumbira unoshamisa; kutanga kwayo kwakaitika muna Ndira 15, 1791. Imwe nguva gare gare, akanyora opera naCherubhini pachikamu chimwe chetecho. Ne tarenda, Kreutzer haigoni kuenzaniswa neCherubini, asi vateereri vaifarira opera yake nemashoko asina ruzivo emimhanzi.
Opera yaKreutzer yainyanya kudzvinyirira yaive Lodoiska (1792). Matambiro ake paOpera Comic akakunda. Uye izvi zvinonzwisisika. Kuronga kwe opera kwaienderana nedhigirii repamusoro-soro nemafungiro eruzhinji rwechimurenga Paris. “Dingindira rekurwisa hudzvinyiriri muLodoisk rakagamuchira mufananidzo wakadzama uye wakajeka wemutambo… [kunyangwe] mumhanzi waKreutzer, mavambo enziyo ndiwo akanyanya kusimba.”
Fetis anoshuma chokwadi chekuziva nezve nzira yekugadzira yaKreutzer. Anonyora izvozvo nekugadzira operatic mabasa. Kreutzer akatevera hunyanzvi hwekugadzira, nekuti aive asina kujairana nedzidziso yekuumbwa. "Manyorero aakaita zvikamu zvese zvezvibodzwa ndezvekuti aifamba nematanho mahombe kutenderera mukamuri, achiimba nziyo uye achizviperekedza ega paviolin." “Pakanga pachangopfuura nguva refu,” anowedzera kudaro Fetis, “apo Kreutzer akanga atogamuchirwa sapurofesa panzvimbo inochengeterwa zvinhu, ndipo paakadzidza zvomenemene nheyo dzokunyora.”
Zvakaoma, zvisinei, kutenda kuti Kreutzer anogona kuumba opera yose nenzira yakatsanangurwa naFetis, uye panoratidzika kuva pane chimwe chinhu chokuwedzeredza munhoroondo iyi. Hongu, uye violin concertos inoratidza kuti Kreuzer akanga asiri asingabatsiri zvachose muhutano hwekugadzira.
Munguva yechimurenga, Kreutzer akatora chikamu mukugadzira imwe opera yehudzvinyiriri inonzi "Congress of Kings". Iri bhuku rakanyorwa pamwe chete naGretry, Megule, Solier, Devienne, Daleyrac, Burton, Jadin, Blasius naCherubini.
Asi Kreutzer akapindura kune shanduko mamiriro kwete chete nehunyanzvi hwekuita. Apo, muna 1794, nemurairo weKokorodzano, mitambo mikuru yevanhu yakatanga kuitwa, akatora chikamu chinoshingaira mairi. Pana 20 Prairial (Chikumi 8) mhemberero huru yakaitwa muParis mukukudza "Munhu Mukuru". Sangano rayo raitungamirirwa nenyanzvi yemifananidzo yakakurumbira uye mutungamiriri anotyisa wechimurenga, David. Kuti agadzirire apotheosis, akakwezva vaimbi vakakura - Megule, Lesueur, Daleyrac, Cherubini, Catel, Kreutzer nevamwe. Yese yeParis yakakamurwa kuita 48 matunhu uye gumi varume vakuru, vechidiki, vanaamai vemhuri, vasikana, vana vakagoverwa kubva kune imwe neimwe. Kwaya yacho yaisanganisira manzwi 10. Vaimbi ava vakamboshanyira nzvimbo dzavanga vachigadzirira mitambo yevaive pazororo iri. Kuimba yeMarseillaise, mhizha, vatengesi, vashandi, uye vanhu vakasiyana-siyana vemisha yeParisian vakadzidza Nziyo kuMunhu Mukurusa. Kreutzer yakawana nzvimbo yePeak. Musi wa2400 Prairial, kwaya yakabatanidzwa yakaimba rwiyo urwu zvine mutsindo, vachirumbidza chimurenga narwo. Gore ra20 rasvika. Mhedziso yekukunda yemushandirapamwe weItaly weBonaparte yakashandura mutungamiriri wechidiki kuita gamba renyika rechimurenga France. Kreuzer, achitevera uto, anoenda kuItaly. Anopa makonti muMilan, Florence, Venice, Genoa. Kreutzer akasvika muGenoa munaNovember 1796 kuti atore chikamu muchikoro chakarongwa mukukudza Josephine de la Pagerie, mudzimai wemukuru mukuru, uye pano mu salon Di Negro akanzwa mutambo wechidiki wePaganini. Akarohwa nehunyanzvi hwake, akafanotaura ramangwana rakanaka remukomana uyu.
MuItaly, Kreutzer akazviwana akabatanidzwa mune imwe nyaya isinganzwisisike uye inovhiringa. Mumwe wevanyori vake, Michaud, anoti Bonaparte akaraira Kreutzer kuti atsvage mumaraibhurari uye aone zvinyorwa zvisina kudhindwa zvevatenzi veimba yemitambo yekuItaly. Maererano nemamwe mabhuku, basa rakadaro rakapiwa kune yakakurumbira French geometer Monge. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti Monge akabatanidza Kreutzer munyaya iyi. Asangana muMilan, akaudza mutambi weviolinist nezvemirayiridzo yeBonaparte. Gare gare, muVenice, Monge akagamuchidza Kreutzer bhokisi raiva namakopi amanyoro ekare avakuru veCathedral yeSt. Mark ndokukumbira kuperekedzwa kuParis. Akabatikana nemakonzati, Kreutzer akamisa kutumira bhokisi, achifunga kuti mune yekupedzisira sarudzo iye pachake aizotora izvi zvakakosha kuguta guru reFrance. Pakarepo hondo yakatanga zvakare. MuItaly, mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru akatanga. Chii chaizvo chakaitika hachizivikanwi, asi chipfuva chete chine pfuma yakaunganidzwa naMonge chakarasika.
Kubva kuItaly yasakadzwa nehondo, Kreutzer akayambukira kuGermany, uye ashanyira Hamburg munzira, akadzokera kuParis nomuHolland. Akasvika pakavhurwa imba inochengeterwa zvinhu. Kunyange zvazvo mutemo wakaugadza wakapfuura neMusangano kubva munaAugust 3, 1795, hauna kuvhura kusvika 1796. Sarret, uyo akanga agadzwa kuva mutungamiriri, akabva angokoka Kreutzer. Pamwe chete nevakwegura Pierre Gavinier, Rode ane utsinye uye ane njere Pierre Baio, Kreutzer akazova mumwe wevatungamiri vezvidzidzo zvekuchengetedza.
Panguva ino, pane kuwedzera kuwirirana pakati peKreutzer neBonapartist madenderedzwa. Muna 1798, apo Austria yakamanikidzwa kuita rugare runonyadzisa neFrance, Kreuzer akaperekedza General Bernadotte, akanga agadzwa ikoko somumiriri, kuVienna.
Nyanzvi yemimhanzi yeSoviet A. Alschwang inotaura kuti Beethoven akazova muenzi weBernadotte muVienna. "Bernadotte, mwanakomana wegweta repurovhinzi yeFrance, akakwidziridzwa pachinzvimbo chepamusoro nezviitiko zvechimurenga, aive mwana chaiye wechimurenga cheBourgeois uye nokudaro akafadza munyori wedemokrasi," anonyora kudaro. "Kugara tichiita misangano naBernadotte kwakatungamira kushamwari yemuimbi ane makore makumi maviri nemanomwe nemumiriri uye nemukurumbira weParisian violinist Rodolphe Kreuzer uyo akamuperekedza."
Nekudaro, kushamwaridzana pakati paBernadotte naBeethoven kunopokana naÉdouard Herriot muHupenyu hwake hweBeethoven. Herriot anopokana kuti mukati memwedzi miviri yekugara kwaBernadotte muVienna, hazvigoneke kuti kuwirirana kwakadaro pakati pemumiriri nemudiki uye achiri mudiki muimbi angave akaitika munguva pfupi yakadaro. Bernadotte akanga ari munzwa murutivi rwoubati ushe hweViennese; haana kuvanza maonero ake erepublic uye aigara ari oga. Mukuwedzera, Beethoven akanga ari panguva iyoyo muukama hwepedyo nemumiriri weRussia, Count Razumovsky, iyo yaisagonawo kubatsira pakugadzwa kweushamwari pakati pemunyori naBernadotte.
Zvakaoma kutaura kuti ndiani akanyanya kunaka - Alschwang kana Herriot. Asi kubva mutsamba yaBeethoven inozivikanwa kuti akasangana naKreutzer uye akasangana muVienna kanopfuura kamwe. Tsamba iyi yakabatana nekuzvitsaurira kuna Kreutzer yesonata yakakurumbira yakanyorwa muna 1803. Pakutanga, Beethoven aida kuitsaurira kune virtuoso violinist mulatto Bredgtower, uyo aizivikanwa zvikuru muVienna pakutanga kwezana remakore rechiXNUMX. Asi hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwemulatto, sezviri pachena, hahuna kugutsa munyori, uye akazvitsaurira basa kuna Kreutzer. “Kreutzer murume akanaka, anotapira,” akanyora kudaro Beethoven, “akandipa mufaro mukuru mukati mokugara kwake muVienna. Hunhu hwayo uye kushaikwa kwekunyepedzera kunodiwa kwandiri kupfuura kupenya kwekunze kweakawanda virtuosos, isina zvemukati zvemukati. “Sezvineiwo,” A. Alschwang anowedzera, achinokora aya mashoko aBeethoven, “anodiwa Kreuzer gare gare akava akakurumbira nokuda kwokusanzwisisa kwake zvizere mabasa aBeethoven!”
Zvechokwadi, Kreutzer haana kunzwisisa Beethoven kusvikira pakuguma kwehupenyu hwake. Nguva refu gare gare, atova mutungamiriri, akaitisa Beethoven's symphonies kanopfuura kamwe. Berlioz anonyora nehasha kuti Kreuzer akazvibvumira kugadzira mabhengi mavari. Ichokwadi, mukubata kwemahara kwakadaro kwemavara emhando dzenziyo dzakajeka, Kreutzer aivewo akasiyana. Berlioz anowedzera kuti maidi akafanana akacherekedzwa nomumwe muitisi mukuru weFrance (uye mutambi weviolin) Gabeneck, uyo “akabvisa zviridzwa mune imwe nziyo nomuimbi mumwe cheteyo.”
В 1802 году Крейцер стал первым скрипачом инструментальной капелы Бонапарта, в то время консула республика, а позле перед перед лицем. Эту официальную должность он занимал вплоть до падения Наполеона.
Zvichienderana nebasa redare, Kreutzer anoitawo mabasa "evanhu". Mushure mokuenda kwaRode kuRussia muna 1803, anotora nzvimbo yake seanoimba ari ega muokestra paGrand Opera; muna 1816, mabasa echipiri chekonsati akawedzerwa kumabasa aya, uye muna 1817, mutungamiriri weorchestra. Anokwidziridzwawo se conductor. Kuti mukurumbira waKreutzer wekuitisa waive wakakura sei unogona kutongwa nekuti aive iye, pamwe naSalieri naClementi, vakaitisa J. Haydn's oratorio "Creation of the World" muna 1808 muVienna, pamberi pemunyori akura. pamberi pavo manheru iwayo Beethoven nevamwe vaimbi vakuru veguta guru reAustria vakakotama neruremekedzo.
Kuputsika kwehumambo hwaNapoleon uye kuuya kusimba kweBourbons hakuna kukanganisa zvakanyanya chinzvimbo chaKreutzer munharaunda. Anogadzwa mutungamiriri weRoyal Orchestra uye mutungamiriri weInstitute of Music. Anodzidzisa, anotamba, anoitisa, anoshingaira mukuita mabasa eruzhinji.
Nokuda kwemabasa akatanhamara mukusimudzirwa kwetsika yokuimba yerudzi rweFrance, Rodolphe Kreutzer akapiwa Order of the Legion of Honor muna 1824. Mugore rimwe chetero, akasiya kwenguva pfupi basa romutungamiriri weorchestra yeOpera, asi akazodzokera kwavari muna 1826. .Kutyoka kwakanyanya kweruoko kwakamumisa kuita mabasa. Akaparadzana neConservatory uye akazvipira zvachose kuitisa uye kuumba. Asi nguva hadzina kufanana. I30s iri kusvika - nguva yemaruva akakwirira erudo. Iyo inopenya uye inopisa art yevanodanana inokunda pane yakaderera classicism. Kufarira mumhanzi waKreutzer kuri kupera. Munyori pachake anotanga kuinzwa. Anoda kusiya basa, asi zvisati zvaitika anoisa opera Matilda, achida kutaura zvakanaka kuvanhu veParisian nayo. Muedzo une utsinye wakamumirira - kukundikana kwakakwana kwe opera pamutambo wekutanga.
Kurova kwacho kwaive kukuru zvekuti Kreutzer akaoma mitezo. Munyori anorwara uye anotambura akaendeswa kuSwitzerland aine tarisiro yekuti mamiriro ekunze anopisa aizodzoreredza hutano hwake. Zvose zvakazove zvisina maturo - Kreuzer akafa musi waJanuary 6, 1831 muguta reSwitzerland reGeneva. Zvinonzi vatongi veguta vakaramba kuviga Kreutzer nechikonzero chekuti akanyora mabasa epa theatre.
Mabasa aKreutzer aive akafara uye akasiyana. Airemekedzwa zvikuru semunyori weopera. Maopera ake akaitwa kwemakumi emakore muFrance nedzimwe nyika dzeEurope. “Pavel naVirginia” uye “Lodoisk” akatenderera nhanho hurusa dzenyika; dzakaitwa nebudiriro huru muSt. Petersburg neMoscow. Achiyeuka hudiki hwake, MI Glinka akanyora muManotsi ake kuti mushure menziyo dzeRussia dzaaida overtures kupfuura zvese uye pakati pezvaanofarira anotumidza zita rekuti Lodoisk naKreutser.
Makonzati eviolin akanga asina kufarirwa zvishoma. Nemitambo yekufamba uye kurira kwe fanfare, ivo vanoyeuchidza nezvemakonsati aViotti, ayo vanochengetawo stylistic kubatana. Zvisinei, patova nezvakawanda zvinovaparadzanisa. Mumakonzati ainzwisa tsitsi eKreutzer, munhu akanzwa kwete kunyanya kusimba kwepanguva yechimurenga (semuna Viotti), asi kubwinya kwe "Empire". Mu20-30s yezana ramakore rechiXNUMX ivo vakafarirwa, vakaitwa pamatanho ese emakonsati. Concerto yegumi nepfumbamwe yakafarirwa zvikuru naJoachim; Auer aigara achiipa kuvadzidzi vake kuti vatambe.
Ruzivo nezve Kreutzer semunhu anopokana. G. Berlioz, uyo akasangana naye kanopfuura kamwe, anomupenda kwete kubva kudivi rinobatsira. Mu<em>Memoirs yaBerlioz tinorava, kuti: “Muitisi mukuru wenziyo weOpera panguva iyoyo akanga ari Rodolphe Kreuzer; mune iyi theatre makonzati emweya eVhiki Dzvene aifanira kuitika munguva pfupi; zvakanga zviri kuna Kreutzer kuti aise nhanho yangu mupurogiramu yavo, uye ndakaenda kwaari nechikumbiro. Zvinofanira kuwedzerwa kuti kushanya kwangu kuKreuzer kwakagadzirwa netsamba yaibva kuna Monsieur de La Rochefoucauld, mukuru wevaongorori vemabasa akanaka ... Uyezve, Lesueur akanditsigira noushamwari mumashoko pamberi pemumwe wake. Muchidimbu, tariro yaivapo. Zvisinei, kunyepedzera kwangu hakuna kugara kwenguva refu. Kreuzer, muimbi mukuru, munyori weRufu rwaAbheri (basa rinoshamisa, iro mwedzi mishoma yapfuura, rizere nechido, ndakamunyorera rumbidzo yechokwadi). Kreuzer, uyo airatidzika kwandiri ane mutsa zvikuru, wandairemekedza somudzidzisi wangu nemhaka yokuti ndaimuyemura, akandigamuchira nomutoo wokusaremekedza, nenzira yokuzvidza zvikuru. Haana kudzosera uta hwangu; Asina kunditarisa akabva aisa mazwi aya pabendekete rake.
- Shamwari yangu inodiwa (aive mutorwa kwandiri), - hatigone kuita nziyo nyowani mumakonzati emweya. Hatina nguva yekuadzidza; Lesueur anonyatsoziva izvi.
Ndakabvapo apa moyo uchirwadza. PaSvondo yakatevera, tsananguro yakaitika pakati paLesueur naKreutzer muimba yehumambo, umo wekupedzisira aive ariwo zvake mutambi weviolin. Mukudzvinyirirwa nomudzidzisi wangu, akapindura pasina kuvanza kushatirwa kwake:
- Ah, zvakaipa! Chii chichaitika kwatiri kana tikabatsira vechidiki seizvi? ..
Tinofanira kumupa rukudzo, anga akatendeseka).
Uye mapeji mashoma gare gare Berlioz anowedzera, kuti: “Kreuzer angave akandidzivisa kuwana budiriro, ukoshi hwahwo kwandiri hwakanga hwakakosha zvikuru panguva iyoyo.
Nyaya dzinoverengeka dzakabatana nezita reKreutzer, iro rairatidzwa mumapepanhau emakore iwayo. Saka, mushanduro dzakasiyana-siyana, anecdote inonakidza inoudzwa pamusoro pake, izvo zviri pachena kuti chiitiko chechokwadi. Iyi nyaya yakaitika panguva yekugadzirira kwaKreutzer kwekutanga kweOpera yake Aristippus, yakaitwa pachikuva cheGrand Opera. Pakudzidzira, muimbi Lance aisakwanisa kuimba cavatina yeAction I nenzira kwayo.
"Imwe modulation, yakafanana neiyo motif yearia yakakura kubva pachiito II, nekunyengera yakatungamira muimbi kune iyi motif. Kreuzer akanga apererwa. Pakudzidzira kwokupedzisira, akaenda kuna Lance kuti: “Ndinokukumbira nomwoyo wose, Lance wangu akanaka, chenjerera kuti usandinyadzisa, handifi ndakakuregerera nokuda kweizvi.” Pazuva remutambo, pakasvika chijana chekuimba Lance, Kreutzer, achizarirwa nekufara, akagwina-bata wambo yake muruoko rwake ... Maiwe, kutya! Muimbi, akanganwa nyevero dzemunyori, akasimbisa neushingi chinangwa chechiito chechipiri. Uye ipapo Kreutzer aisakwanisa kumira. Achibvisa wigi yake, akaikandira kune muimbi akakanganwa: “Handina kukuyambira here, iwe simbe! Unoda kundipedza, mupfanha!”
Achiona mhanza yamhamha uye nechiso chake chainzwisa tsitsi, Lance, panzvimbo yekuzvidemba, akatadza kumira nazvo ndokuputika nekuseka kukuru. Chiitiko chekuda kuziva chakabvisa zvachose vateereri uye ndicho chikonzero chekubudirira kwekuita. Pamutambo wakatevera, imba yemitambo yakanga ichizara nevanhu vaida kupinda, asi opera yakapfuura pasina kuwandisa. Mushure memutambo wekutanga muParis, vakaseka: "Kana kubudirira kwaKreutzer kwakarembera neshinda, saka akahwina newigi yese."
MuThe Tablets of Polyhymnia, 1810, iyo magazini iyo yakashuma nhau dzose dzemimhanzi, yakashumwa kuti konzati yakanga yapiwa muBotanical Garden yenzou, kuitira kuti idzidze mubvunzo wekuti mhuka iyi yainyatsogamuchira mimhanzi se. M. Buffon anoti. "Nezveizvi, mutereri asina kujairika anoitwa akareruka arias ane melodic mutsara wakajeka uye sonatas ine kuwirirana kwakanyanya. Mhuka yacho yakaratidza zviratidzo zvekunakidzwa pakuteerera aria "O ma tendre Musette" yairidzwa paviolin naVaKreutzer. "Kusiyana-siyana" kwakaitwa nemuimbi ane mukurumbira panzvimbo imwechete hakuna kuoneka ... Nzou yakashama muromo wayo, sekunge irikuda kuzamura pachiyero chechitatu kana chechina cheiyo inozivikanwa Boccherini Quartet muD major. Bravura aria ... Monsigny haanawo kuwana mhinduro kubva kumhuka; asi neruzha rwearia "Charmante Gabrielle" yakaratidza kufara kwayo zvisingaite. “Munhu wese akashamiswa zvikuru kuona kuti nzou inopuruzira sei nehunde yayo, mukutenda, ane mukurumbira virtuoso Duvernoy. Yakanga iri dambarefu, sezvo Duvernoy airidza hwamanda. "
Kreutzer aive mutambi mukuru weviolin. "Aive asina runako, runako uye kuchena kwemaitiro aRode, kukwana kwemaitiro uye kudzika kweBayo, asi aionekwa nehupenyu uye shungu dzekunzwa, zvakasanganiswa neiyo yakasarudzika," anonyora Lavoie. Gerber anopa tsananguro yakatonyanya: "Matambiro aKreutzer akasiyana zvachose. Anoita zvinyorwa zveAllegro zvakaoma zvakanyanya zvakajeka, zvakachena, zvine matauriro akasimba uye sitiroko huru. Iye zvakare tenzi akatanhamara wehunyanzvi hwake muAdagio. N. Kirillov anodudza mitsetse inotevera kubva kuGerman Musical Gazette yegore ra1800 pamusoro pekuita kwaKreutzer naRode kwemumhanzi wekonsati yemavhiyoni maviri: “Kreutzer akapinda mumakwikwi naRode, uye vaimbi vose vari vaviri vakapa vadikani mukana wokuona hondo inofadza mumakwikwi. symphony ine konzati solos yeviolin mbiri, iyo Kreutzer akaiumba yechiitiko ichi. Apa ndaigona kuona kuti tarenda raKreutzer raiva chibereko chekudzidza kwenguva refu uye kushanda nesimba; hunyanzvi hwaRode hwakaita semuzvarirwo kwaari. Muchidimbu, pakati pese violin virtuosos yakanzwika gore rino muParis, Kreuzer ndiye chete anogona kuiswa padivi peRode.
Fetis anonyatso tsanangura maitiro aKreutzer: “Semuimbi weviolin, Kreutzer akatora nzvimbo inokosha muchikoro cheFrench, kwaaipenya pamwe chete naRode naBaio, uye kwete nokuti akanga akaderera mukunaka uye kuchena (kwechimiro. ) Zvakanaka lr) kune wekutanga weava maartist, kana mukudzika kwemanzwiro uye kufamba kunoshamisa kwehunyanzvi kusvika kune wechipiri, asi nekuti, sezvakangoita muzvinyorwa, mutarenda rake semuimbi wezviridzwa, akatevera intuition kupfuura chikoro. Iyi intuition, yakapfuma uye izere nehupenyu, yakapa kuita kwake kwekutanga kwekutaura uye yakakonzera manzwiro akadaro kune vateereri zvekuti hapana kana mumwe wevateereri aigona kunzvenga. Aiva neruzha rune simba, matauriro akanyatsonaka, uye matauriro ake akatorwa neshungu dzake.
Kreutzer airemekedzwa zvakanyanya semudzidzisi. Panyaya iyi, akamira kunze kunyange pakati pevaaishanda navo vane tarenda kuParis Conservatory. Aiva nechiremera chisina kuganhurirwa pakati pavadzidzi vake uye aiziva nzira yokumutsa nayo mavari chimiro chendangariro chokufarira nhau yacho. Humbowo hwakajeka hwetarenda rekudzidzisa raKreutzer ndere 42 etudes yake yeviolin, inozivikanwa kune chero mudzidzi wechero chikoro cheviolin munyika. Nebasa iri, Rodolphe Kreutzer haana kufa zita rake.
L. Raaben
