Pyotr Ivanovich Slovtsov (Pyotr Slovtsov) |

Pyotr Slovtsov

Uduku. Makore ekudzidza.

Muimbi weRussia anoshamisa Pyotr Ivanovich Slovtsov akaberekwa musi waChikunguru 12 (Chikumi 30 wechimiro chekare) muna 1886 mumusha weUstyansky, mudunhu reKansky, mudunhu reYenisei, mumhuri yemudhikoni wechechi.

Muuduku, pazera ramakore 1,5, akafirwa nababa vake. Apo Petya aiva nemakore mashanu, amai vake vakatamira kuKrasnoyarsk, uko Slovtsov muduku akapedza uduku hwake uye huduku.

Maererano netsika dzemhuri, mukomana wacho akatumirwa kunodzidza pachikoro chebhaibheri, uyezve kune seminari yebhaibheri (yava kuvakwa kwechipatara chemauto), uko mudzidzisi wake wemimhanzi aive PI Ivanov-Radkevich (gare gare purofesa paMoscow Conservatory. ) Kunyangwe muhudiki, sirivha yemukomana, sonorous treble yakakwezva kutarisa kwevose vakamupoteredza nerunako rwake uye zvakasiyana-siyana.

Kuchikoro neseminari, kuimba kwakabhadharwa zvakanyanya, uye Pyotr Slovtsov akaimba zvikuru mukwaya. Inzwi rake rakanyatsojeka pakati pemanzwi evadzidzisi, uye kutamba ega kwakatanga kupiwa kwaari.

Munhu wose akamuteerera akataura kuti muimbi wechidiki akamirira basa rakanaka rekugadzira uye, kunze kwekuti inzwi raSlovtsov rakanyatsogadziriswa, mune ramangwana aigona kutora nzvimbo yemutungamiri weriric tenor pane chero danho guru re opera.

Muna 1909, wechidiki Slovtsov akapedza kudzidza kubva kuchikoro chebhaibheri uye, achisiya basa rake remhuri semufundisi, akapinda muchikoro chemutemo cheYunivhesiti yeWarsaw. Asi mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, kukwezva kwake mimhanzi kunomuendesa kuMoscow Conservatory, uye anopinda mukirasi yaPurofesa I.Ya.Gordi.

Mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory muna 1912, Slovtsov akava soloist paKiyiv Opera Theatre. Inzwi rinoshamisa - rwiyo rwemhanzi, rakapfava uye rakanaka mune timbre, tsika yepamusoro, kutendeseka kukuru uye kujekesa kwekuita, yakakurumidza kuunza muimbi wechidiki rudo rwevateereri.

Kutanga kwebasa rekugadzira.

Nechekare pakutanga kwebasa rake reunyanzvi, Slovtsov akaita neyakakura opera uye chamber repertoire, yakanyorwa pazvinyorwa neanoverengeka makambani. Mumakore iwayo, vakawanda vekirasi yekutanga vakaimba pamutambo weRussia opera: L. Sobinov, D. Smirnov, A. Davydov, A. Labinsky nevamwe vanoverengeka. Wechidiki Slovtsov akabva apinda mune iyi inoshamisa galaxy yevanyori seyakaenzana.

Asi kune izvi zvinofanira kuwedzerwa kuti vateereri vakawanda venguva iyoyo vakabvumirana pane imwe pfungwa yokuti Slovtsov aiva nenzwi risingawanzoitiki muunhu hwaro, rakaoma kutsanangura. Lyrical tenor, caressing timbre, isina kubatwa, nyowani, yakasarudzika musimba uye neruzha rwakanyorova, akaisa muuranda uye akakunda vateereri vanokanganwa nezve zvese uye vari musimba reizwi iri.

Upamhi hwehupamhi uye kufema kunoshamisa kunobvumira muimbi kuti ape ruzha rwese kuimba yemitambo, asingavanzi chinhu, achivanza chinhu nechisina kunaka chekufema.

Maererano nevaongorori vakawanda, inzwi raSlovtsov rakabatana neSobinovsky, asi rakawedzera uye rinopisa. Nekuenzana kwakaenzana, Slovtsov akaita Lensky's aria uye Alyosha Popovich's aria kubva kuGrechaninov's Dobrynya Nikitich, iyo yaigona kuitwa chete neyekutanga-class dramatic tenor.

Vanhu vepanguva yaPyotr Ivanovich vaiwanzokakavadzana kuti ndeipi yemhando dzeSlovtsov dzaive nani: mumhanzi wekamuri kana opera. Uye kazhinji vakanga vasingakwanisi kusvika pakubvumirana, sezvo mune mumwe wavo Slovtsov aiva tenzi mukuru.

Asi iyi favourite yedariro muhupenyu yairatidzwa nekuzvininipisa kunoshamisa, mutsa, uye kusavapo kwekuzvitutumadza. Muna 1915, muimbi akakokwa kuboka rePetrograd People's House. Pano akadzokorora kuita naFI Chaliapin mumitambo "Prince Igor", "Mermaid", "Faust", Mozart uye Salieri, "The Barber of Seville".

Mutambi mukuru akataura noushamwari nezvetarenda raSlovtsov. Akamupa mufananidzo wake wakanyorwa kuti: “Mundangariro yakanaka nezvishuvo zvemwoyo wose zvebudiriro munyika younyanzvi.” PISlovtsov kubva kuF.Chaliapin, December 31, 1915 St.

Kuroorana naMN Rioli-Slovtsova.

Makore matatu apedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory, kuchinja kukuru kwakaitika muupenyu hwaPI Slovtsov, muna 1915 akaroora. Mudzimai wake, Nee Anofrieva Margarita Nikolaevna, uye gare gare Rioli-Slovtsova akapedzawo kudzidza kubva kuMoscow Conservatory muna 1911 mukirasi yezwi raPurofesa VM Zarudnaya-Ivanova. Pamwe chete naye, mukirasi yaProfessor UA Mazetti, muimbi anoshamisa NA Obukhova akapedza kosi yacho, yavakange vaine ushamwari hwakasimba kwemakore mazhinji, iyo yakatanga panguva yekuchengetedza. 'Paunenge wakakurumbira,' Obukhova akanyora mumufananidzo wake wakapiwa Margarita Nikolaevna, 'usakanda mapfumo pasi neshamwari dzekare'.

Mutsanangudzo yakapihwa Margarita Nikolaevna Anofrieva naPurofesa VM Zarudnaya-Ivanova nemurume wake, munyori uye mutungamiriri weConservatory MM Ippolitov-Ivanov, kwete chete kuita, asiwo tarenda rekudzidzisa remudzidzi wediploma rakaonekwa. Vakanyora kuti Anofrieva aigona kuitisa basa rekudzidzisa kwete chete muzvikoro zvemimhanzi zvesekondari, asiwo mune zvekuchengetedza.

Asi Margarita Nikolaevna aida danho reOpera uye akawana kukwana pano, achiita mabasa anotungamira mudzimba dzeOpera dzeTiflis, Kharkov, Kyiv, Petrograd, Yekaterinburg, Tomsk, Irkutsk.

Muna 1915, MN Anofrieva akaroora P.

Margarita Nikolaevna akapedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory kwete chete semuimbi, asiwo semupiyano. Uye zviri pachena kuti Pyotr Ivanovich, uyo aiita mumakonti ekamuri, aive naMargarita Nikolaevna semuperekedzi wake waanofarira, uyo anonyatsoziva zvese zvake zvakapfuma uye ane kuraira kwakanakisa kwehunyanzvi hwekuperekedza.

Dzokera kuKrasnoyarsk. National Conservatory.

Kubva 1915 kusvika 1918 Slovtsov akashanda Petrograd paBolshoi Theater paPeople's House. Sezvo vasarudza kuzvidyisa zvishoma muSiberia, mushure mechando chePetrograd chine nzara, vaSlovtsov vanoenda kuKrasnoyarsk kwezhizha kuna amai vemuimbi. Kubuda kwekupandukira kweKolchak hakubvumiri kuti vadzoke. Mwaka wa1918-1919 vaviri vaiimba vakashanda kuTomsk-Yekaterinburg Opera, uye mwaka we1919-1920 kuIrkutsk Opera.

Musi waApril 5, 1920, People's Conservatory (yava kunzi Krasnoyarsk College of Arts) yakavhurwa muKrasnoyarsk. PI Slovtsov naMN Rioli-Slovtsova vakatora chikamu chinoshanda zvikuru musangano rayo, vachigadzira kirasi yezwi ine muenzaniso yakave yakakurumbira muSiberia yose.

Pasinei nematambudziko makuru mukati memakore ekuparara kwehupfumi - nhaka yehondo yevagari vemo - basa rekuchengetedza raive rakakura uye rakabudirira. Mabasa ake ndiwo ainyanya kuda chinzvimbo mukuenzanisa nebasa remamwe masangano emimhanzi muSiberia. Ehe, pakanga paine matambudziko mazhinji: pakanga pasina zviridzwa zvemimhanzi zvakakwana, makamuri emakirasi nemakonzati, vadzidzisi vaibhadharwa zvishoma kwemwedzi, mazororo ezhizha haana kubhadharwa zvachose.

Kubva 1923, kuburikidza nekuedza kwaPI Slovtsov uye MN Rioli-Slovtsova, mitambo yeopera yakatanga zvakare muKrasnoyarsk. Kusiyana nemapoka e opera akamboshanda pano, ayo akasikwa nemari yekushanyira maartist, boka iri raisanganisira zvachose vaimbi veKrasnoyarsk nevaimbi. Uye uku ndiko kukosha kukuru kweSlovtsovs, uyo akakwanisa kubatanidza vose vanoda mimhanzi yeOpera muKrasnoyarsk. Kutora chikamu mune opera, kwete chete sevatambi vakananga vezvikamu zvine mutoro, vaSlovtsov vaivewo vatungamiriri uye vatungamiriri vemapoka evanoimba - vocalists, iyo yakafambiswa nechikoro chavo chepamusoro chezwi uye ruzivo rwakapfuma mumunda wehunyanzvi hwekuita.

VaSlovtsov vakaedza kuita kuti vagari veKrasnoyarsk vanzwe vaimbi vakanaka vakawanda sezvinobvira nekukoka vatambi veopera vaenzi kumitambo yavo. Pakati pavo paiva nevaimbi vainyanya kuzivikanwa opera saL. Balanovskaya, V. Kastorsky, G. Pirogov, A. Kolomeitseva, N. Surminsky nevamwe vakawanda. Muna 1923-1924 mitambo yakadai seMermaid, La Traviata, Faust, Dubrovsky, Eugene Onegin yakaitwa.

Mune chimwe chezvinyorwa zvemakore iwayo, pepanhau rinonzi "Krasnoyarsk Rabochiy" rakati "kugadzirira kwezvigadzirwa zvakadaro nevasiri nyanzvi mune imwe nzira, ibasa."

Vanoda mimhanzi yeKrasnoyarsk kwemakore akawanda vakayeuka mifananidzo yakanaka yakagadzirwa naSlovtsov: Muchinda muDargomyzhsky's 'Mermaid', Lensky muTchaikovsky's 'Eugene Onegin', Vladimir muNapravnik's 'Dubrovsky', Alfred muVerdi's 'La Traviata', Faust muGounod's opera. zita rimwe chete.

Asi vagari veKrasnoyarsk havakanganwike kumakonti emakamuri eSlovtsov, ayo aigara achitarisirwa sezororo.

Pyotr Ivanovich aive nemabasa ainyanya kufarirwa, akaitwa nehunyanzvi uye nekurudziro: rudo rwaNadir kubva kuopera yaBizet 'The Pearl Seekers', rwiyo rwemukuru kubva kuna Verdi's 'Rigoletto', Tsar Berendey's cavatina kubva kuRimsky-Korsakov's 'The Snow Maiden', Werther's arioso Opera yaMassenet yezita rimwe chete, Mozart's Lullaby nevamwe.

Kusikwa kwe "Labor Opera Group" muKrasnoyarsk.

Pakupera kwa1924, pane danho remubatanidzwa wevashandi vemifananidzo (Rabis), pahwaro hweboka re opera rakarongwa naPI Slovtsov, boka rakawedzera opera rakagadzirwa, rainzi 'Labor Opera Group'. Panguva imwecheteyo, chibvumirano chakapedzwa nekanzuru yeguta rekushandisa chivakwa cheiyo theatre yakatumidzwa zita reMAS Pushkin uye yakapa rubatsiro rwezviuru zvitatu zveRubles, kunyangwe mamiriro ehupfumi akaomarara munyika.

Vanhu vanopfuura 100 vakatora chikamu mukambani yeopera. AL Markson, uyo akaitisa mitambo iyi, uye SF Abayantsev, aitungamira kwaya, vakava nhengo dzebhodhi uye vatungamiriri vehunyanzvi. Vanotungamira solo vakakokwa kubva kuLeningrad nemamwe maguta: Maria Petipa (coloratura soprano), Vasily Polferov (lyric-dramatic tenor), muimbi akakurumbira weOpera Lyubov Andreeva-Delmas. Uyu muimbi aive nemusanganiswa unoshamisa wezwi guru uye kuita kwakajeka kwedariro. Imwe yeakanakisa mabasa aAndreeva-Delmes, chikamu chaCarmen, akambofuridzira A. Blok kugadzira kutenderera kwenhetembo naCarmen. Vaya vekare vakaona chiitiko ichi muKrasnoyarsk vakayeuka kwenguva yakareba kuti chii chisingakanganwiki tarenda uye unyanzvi hwomugadziri akaita kune vateereri.

Yekutanga Krasnoyarsk Opera House, yakagadzirwa nekuedza kukuru kweSlovtsovs, yakashanda zvinonakidza uye zvine muchero. Vaongorori vakacherechedza zvipfeko zvakanaka, zvakasiyana-siyana zveprops, asi, pamusoro pezvose, tsika yepamusoro yemimhanzi. Chikwata che opera chakashanda kwemwedzi mishanu (kubva muna Ndira kusvika Chivabvu 5). Munguva iyi, 1925 maopera akaitwa. 'Dubrovsky' naE. Napravnik uye 'Eugene Onegin' naP. Tchaikovsky vakagadzirirwa nekubatanidzwa kweSlovtsovs. Iyo Krasnoyarsk Opera yakanga isiri yevatorwa pakutsvaga mafomu matsva ekutaura kwehunyanzvi. Tichitevera muenzaniso wenzvimbo dzemitambo dzeguta guru, mutambo we'Struggle for the Commune' uri kugadzirwa, umo vatungamiriri vakaedza kufunga zvekare zvekare nenzira itsva. Iyo libretto yaive yakavakirwa pazviitiko zvenguva yeParis Commune, uye mimhanzi - kubva kuD. Puccini's 'Tosca' (kutsvagisa kwehunyanzvi kwakadai kwaiitwa makumi maviri).

Hupenyu muKrasnoyarsk.

Krasnoyarsk vanhu vaiziva Pyotr Ivanovich kwete chete senyanzvi. Sezvo akawira murudo nebasa revarimi kubva paudiki, akazvipira nguva yake yese yekuzorora muhupenyu hwake hwese muKrasnoyarsk. Aine bhiza, airitarisira pachake. Uye vanhu vomutaundi vaiwanzoona sei Slovtsovs akatyaira muguta mungoro chiedza, vakananga kuzorora pedyo kwayo. Asiri kureba, akapfava, ane chiso chakavhurika cheRussia, PI Slovtsov akakwezva vanhu nekunaka kwake uye nyore kero.

Pyotr Ivanovich aida zvisikwa zveKrasnoyarsk, akashanyira taiga uye yakakurumbira 'Mbiru'. Iyi kona inoshamisa yeSiberia yakakwezva vakawanda, uye ani naani aiuya kuKrasnoyarsk aigara achiedza kushanyira ikoko.

Zvapupu zvakaona vanotaura nezveimwe nyaya apo Slovtsov aifanira kuimba kure nekuve munzvimbo yekonzati. Boka revashanyi vaishanyira vakaungana, uye vakakumbira Peter Ivanovich kuti avaratidze 'Mbiru'.

Nhau dzekuti Slovtsov aive pa "Mbiru" dzakabva dzazivikanwa kune stolbists, uye vakanyengetedza vanyori kuti vasangane nekubuda kwezuva pa "First Pillar".

Boka rinotungamirirwa naPetr Ivanovich raitungamirirwa nevanokwira kukwira - hama Vitaly naEvgeny Abalakov, Galya Turova naValya Cheredova, avo vakapa inishuwarenzi chaiyo nhanho imwe neimwe yevanovice stolbists. Pamusoro, vateveri vemuimbi akakurumbira vakakumbira Pyotr Ivanovich kuimba, uye boka rose rakaimba pamwe chete naye pamwe chete.

Concert chiitiko cheSlovtsovs.

Pyotr Ivanovich naMargarita Nikolaevna Slovtsov vakabatanidza basa rekudzidzisa nekuita konzati. Kwemakore akawanda vaiimba nemakonzati mumaguta akasiyana-siyana eSoviet Union. Uye kwese kwese kuita kwavo kwakagashira ongororo yakanyanyisa.

Muna 1924, makonzati ekushanyira Slovtsovs akaitwa muHarbin (China). Imwe yeongororo yakawanda yakanzi: 'Shasha yekuRussia yekuimba iri kuramba ichiwedzera kuva nevaimbi vakakwana pamberi pemeso edu… Inzwi reumwari, izwi resirivha, iro, maererano nenhoroondo dzese, harina wakaenzana muRussia parizvino. Labinsky, Smirnov nevamwe panguva ino, mukuenzanisa nehupfumi hunobwinya hweSlovtsov, zvinongova zvinyorwa zvinokosha zvegiramufoni zve 'zvisingadzokerike zvekare'. Uye Slovtsov nhasi: kune zuva, kunyungudika nemadhaimondi emumhanzi unopenya, izvo Harbin asina kumbozvifunga ... Kuvhuvhuta kunodziya, dutu, kusingaperi kwakashandura konzati kuva rukundo runopfuurira. Kutaura kudaro kunongova bedzi kumwero muduku kutsanangura murangariro wakaisvonaka wekonzati yanezuro. Slovtsov akaimba zvisingaenzaniswi uye zvinofadza, akaimba zvine humwari… PI Slovtsov muimbi akasarudzika uye akasiyana…'

Ongororo imwechete yakacherechedza kubudirira kwaMN Rioli-Slovtsova mukonzati iyi, uyo asina kungoimba zvakanaka chete, asiwo akaperekedza murume wake.

Moscow Conservatory.

Muna 1928, PI Slovtsov akakokwa sepurofesa wekuimba paMoscow Central Combine yeTheatre Arts (gare gare GITIS, uye zvino RATI). Pamwe chete nemabasa ekudzidzisa, Petro Ivanovich akaimba paBolshoi Academic Theater yeU.S.SR.

Vepepanhau remuguta rakamutsanangura se "munhu mukuru, munyori akazara, ane mukurumbira wakanaka." Pepanhau rinonzi Izvestia musi waNovember 30, 1928, pashure peimwe konzati yake, rakanyora kuti: “Zvakakodzera kuzivisa mhomho yevateereri nounyanzvi hwokuimba hwaSlovtsov.”

Kuita nekubudirira kukuru muMoscow neLeningrad, akaimba mu "La Traviata" - naA. Nezhdanova, mu "Mermaid" - pamusoro peV. Pavlovskaya naM. Reizen. Mapepanhau emakore iwayo akanyora kuti: "La Traviata" yakave nehupenyu uye yakavandudzwa, pakarepo apo vatenzi vakanaka vaitamba basa guru vakaibata: Nezhdanova naSlovtsov, Vangani vane lyric tenors vatinayo vaizova nechikoro chakanakisisa uye hunyanzvi hwepamusoro kudaro?

Gore rekupedzisira rehupenyu hwemuimbi.

Muchando cha1934, Slovtsov akaita rwendo rweKuzbass nemakonzati, mumakonzati ekupedzisira akaitwa naPyotr Ivanovich nechekare. Akanga achimhanyira kuKrasnoyarsk, uye pano akazorwara, uye February 24, 1934 akanga aenda. Muimbi akafa ari mukuru wetarenda uye simba, aiva nemakore 48 chete okuberekwa. Yese yeKrasnoyarsk yakaona muimbi wavo anodiwa uye munhu wenyika parwendo rwake rwekupedzisira.

Pamakuva ePokrovsky (kurudyi kwechechi) kune chiyeuchidzo chemarble white. Pairi pakavezwa mazwi kubva kuMassenet's opera 'Werther': 'Ah, usandimutse, mweya wechirimo'. Pano pazorora mumwe wevaimbi veRussia vakakurumbira, vakadanwa nerudo nevaairarama navo panguva iyoyo kuti Siberian nightingale.

Muchiitiko cherufu, boka revanyori vemimhanzi yeSoviet, rinotungamirirwa nePeople's Artist of the Republic Ippolitov-Ivanov, Sobinov, nevamwe vakawanda, vakacherechedza kuti rufu rwaSlovtsov "rwaizodzoka nekurwadziwa kukuru mumoyo yevateereri vakawanda muSoviet. Union, uye nharaunda yemimhanzi yaizorangarira kwenguva refu muimbi anoshamisa uye muimbi mukuru. "

Mhedziso inoguma nekufona: "Uye ndiani, kutanga kune zvese, kana asiri Krasnoyarsk, anofanira kuchengeta ndangariro refu yeSlovtsov?" MN Rioli-Slovtsova, mushure mekufa kwaPetro Ivanovich, akaenderera mberi nebasa rake rekudzidzisa muKrasnoyarsk kwemakore makumi maviri. Vakafa muna 1954 uye vakavigwa pedyo nemurume wavo.

Muna 1979, kambani yeLeningrad 'Melody' yakaburitsa dhisiki yakatsaurirwa kuna PI Slovtsov mumutsara we'Outstanding Singers of the Kare'.

Zvishandiso zvakagadzirirwa maererano nebhuku raBG Krivoshey, LG Lavrushev, EM Preisman 'Musical life yeKrasnoyarsk', Krasnoyarsk bhuku rekudhindisa imba muna 1983, zvinyorwa zveState Archive yeKrasnoyarsk Territory, uye Krasnoyarsk Regional Museum of Local Lore.