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lat. relatio non harmonica, French fausse relation, germ. Questand

Kupokana pakati peruzha rwedanho rechisikigo uye chromatic-alternative shanduko mune rimwe izwi (kana mune imwe octave). Mu diatonic P. harmony system inowanzopa maonero ezwi renhema (kwete harmonica) - seyakananga. munharaunda, uye kuburikidza neruzha runopfuura kana ruzha:

Nokudaro, P. inorambidzwa nemitemo yekubatana. Musanganiswa wedhigirii remusikirwo nekushandurwa kwayo haisi P., chero izwi rinotungamira rakatsetseka, semuenzaniso:

P. inobvumirwa mukuwirirana D mushure mechipiri chedhigirii yakaderera, uyewo kuburikidza necaesura (ona mienzaniso iri pamusoro, col. 244).

Kudziviswa kweP. kwatove kwakajairwa neyakaomarara-maitiro counterpoint (15th-16th mazana emakore). Munguva yeBaroque (17th - 1st hafu yezana ramakore rechigumi nesere), kuimba kwaibvumidzwa apo neapo - kungave sechinhu chisingaoneki mhedzisiro mumamiriro ekugadzirwa kwezwi kutungamira (JS Bach, Brandenburg Concerto 18, chikamu 1, mabara 2 -9), kana sechinhu chakakosha. unyanzvi hwokuratidza k.-l. zvakakosha mhedzisiro, semuenzaniso. kuratidza kushungurudzika kana mamiriro anorwadza (P. a10 - as1 mumuenzaniso A,

JS Bach. Misa muh mudiki, Nha 3, bar 9.

JS Bach. Chorale "Singt dem Herrn ein neues Lied", bars 8-10.

pazasi, rinobatanidzwa nekutaura kwezwi rokuti Zagen - shuwa). Munguva ye romanticism uye yemazuva ano. Mumhanzi waP. unowanzo shandiswa seimwe yehunhu ladoharmonics. hurongwa hwezvinoreva (kunyanya, pasi pesimba remamodhi akakosha; semuenzaniso: P. e – es1 muStravinsky's The Rite of Spring, nhamba 123, bar 5 - zvichibva pamaitiro emazuva ese). P. mumuenzaniso B (inosanganisira zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zveKashcheevna) zvinotsanangurwa nekubatana ne-non-diatonic. low end

JS Bach. Matthew Passion, Nhamba 26, bar 26.

NA Rimsky-Korsakov. "Kashchei the Immortal", chiitiko II, mabara 28-29.

system uye hunhu hwayo toni-semitone chiyero. Mumimhanzi yezana remakore rechi20 rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya (na AN Cherepnin, B. Bartok, nezvimwewo) maviri-terts makuru-maduku chord (akadai se: e1-g1-c2-es2), iyo chaiyo iyo P. ( e1-es2), pamwe chete nemakori ane hukama kwaari (ona muenzaniso uri pamusoro pekoramu 245).

IF Stravinsky. "Chitubu chinoera".

Yakajairika yemazuva ano Mumhanzi, kusanganiswa kwemamodhi kunotungamira kune polyscale uye polytonality, uko P. (mukutevedzana uye panguva imwe chete) inova inojairwa chimiro chemodhi chimiro:

IF Stravinsky. Zvidimbu zvepiyano "Zvigunwe zvishanu". Lento, mbariro 1-4.

Mukudaidzwa. atonality enharmonic. ukoshi hwematanho anoenzana, uye P. inova isingagoneki (A. Webern, concerto ye9 zviridzwa, op. 24).

Izwi rokuti "P". - pfupiso yeshoko rekuti "non-harmonic P." (ChiGerman: unharmonischer Querstand). P. chikamu cheboka rezvitsinhano zvinorambidzwa zvakaramba zvakakoshera, izvo, pamusoro pekushandurwa P., zvaisanganisirawo hukama hwe tritone. P. uye tritone (diabolus in musica) zvakafanana pakuti zvose zviri kunze kwemiganhu yekufunga zvichienderana nehurongwa hwehexachords (ona Solmization), uye inotungamirirwa nemutemo mumwechete - Mi contra Fa (kunyangwe zvisina kufanana):

J. Tsarlino (1558) akashora maviri b. chetatu kana m. zvitanhatu mumutsara, sezvo "vasiri muhukama hunoenderana"; inharmonious ukama unoratidzwa naye (mumuenzaniso mumwe) zvose muna P. uye mune newts:

Kubva muchinyorwa chaG. Zarlino “Le istitutioni harmonice” (chikamu III, ganhuro 30).

M. Mersenne (1636-37), achireva Tsarlino, anoreva P. ku“hukama hwenhema” (fausses hukama) uye anopa mienzaniso yakafanana kune triton naP.

K. Bernhard anorambidza Falsche Relationes: tritones, kana kuti “half-quints” (Semidiapente), “excessive” octaves (Octavae Superfluae), “half-octaves” (Semidiapason), “excessive” unison (Unisonus superfluus), achipa mienzaniso inenge chaiyoiyo. kudzokorora zviri pamusoro kubva kuCarlino.

I. Mattheson (1713) inoratidzira nguva dzakafanana mumashoko akafanana se "manzwi anonyangadza" (widerwärtige Soni). Chitsauko chose che9 chechikamu che3 che "Perfect Kapellmeister" yakatsaurirwa. "inharmonic P." Achiramba zvimwe zvirambidzo zvedzidziso yekare se“zvisina kururama” (kusanganisira mamwe makomboni akadudzwa naZarlino), Matteson anosiyanisa pakati pe“zvisingatsungiririki” uye “zvakanakisisa” P. (Kukamura “ukama hwenhema” kuva “kushivirira” uye “kusashivirira” kunowanikwawo mu“Musical Dictionary” raS. Brossard, 1703.) XK Koch (1802) anotsanangura P. so“kutevedzana kwemanzwi maviri, kufamba kwawo kwokunzwika kunobva kumakiyi akasiyana-siyana.” Hongu, mukutenderera.

nzeve inonzwisisa fis-nhanho muzwi rezasi seG-dur, nhanho af mune yepamusoro ichiti C kana F-dur. "Relatio non harmonica" uye "isina-harmonic P." zvinotsanangurwa naKoch semafanana, uye anotevera

zvichiri kushanda kwavari.

EF Richter (1853) inoronga "isina-harmonic P." ku "zvisiri-zvinonzwika mafambiro", asi zvinoruramisa mamwe "embellishing" (yebetsero) manotsi kana musimboti we "kuderedza" (yepakati chinongedzo):

Rumbo rwechiArmenian rudo rwevanhu "Garuna" ("Spring").

Kutama kunoumba kuwedzera. a quart

, Richter ane hukama naP. Maererano naX. Riemann, P. igove renzwi rakachinjwa nechromatically, risingafadzi pakunzwa. Zvisingafadzi mairi hazvina kukwana assimilation ye harmonics. kubatanidza, izvo zvinogona kufananidzwa nekutaura kusina kuchena. Gangaidzo rine ngozi zvikuru nderokufamba uchienda kune vatatu vezita rimwe chete; ine tritone nhanho, P. "inonyatsozviratidza" (somuenzaniso, n II - V); Chinhu chiri pachiyero che tertsovy (semuenzaniso, I - hVI) chinotora nzvimbo yepakati.

Hess de Calvet (1818) anorambidza "kusina-harmonic kufamba" kunotungamira kune yakavhurika tritone.

, zvisinei, inobvumira "non-harmonic progressions" kana vachienda "mushure memharadzano" (caesuras). IK Gunke (1863) anokurudzira kudziviswa nemaitiro akasimba “hukama hwakasiyana (Relation) hwezvikero zvinokonzerwa nekusacherechedzwa kwematoni ane hukama” (muenzaniso weP. wakapihwa naye chidzidzo kubva b. thirds uye kubva m. sext) .

PI Tchaikovsky (1872) naz. P. "maitiro anopesana emanzwi maviri." BL Yavorsky (1915) anodudzira P. sechikamu chekubatana pakati pemanzwi e conjugate: P. - "consecutive juxtaposition ye conjugate ruzha mumaoctave akasiyana uye manzwi akasiyana kana simba regiravhiti richiitwa zvisiri izvo." Eg. (manzwi akabatana - h1 uye c2):

(chaizvo) asi kwete

(P.). Maererano naYu. N. Tyulin uye NG Privano (1956), kune marudzi maviri eP.; mune yekutanga, manzwi anoumba P. haasanganisirwe mune general modal chimiro (P. inonzwika nhema), mune yechipiri, inotsanangura iyo general modal chimiro (P. inogona kugamuchirwa).

References: Hess de Calve, Dzidziso yeMumhanzi ..., chikamu 1, Har., 1818, p. 265-67; Stasov VV, Tsamba kuna Mr. Rostislav pamusoro Glinka, "Theatrical uye Musical Bulletin", 1857, October 27, zvakafanana mubhuku: Stasov VV, Zvinyorwa pamusoro Mimhanzi, vol. 1, M., 1974, p. 352-57; Gunke I., Gwaro rakazara rekunyora mimhanzi, St. Petersburg, (1865), p. 41-46, M., 1876, 1909; Tchaikovsky PI, Nhungamiro yezvidzidzo zvinoshanda zvekuwirirana, M., 1872, zvakafanana mubhuku: Tchaikovsky PI, Poly. coll. soch., vol. III-a, M., 1957, p. 75-76; Yavorsky B., Kudzidzira mukugadzira modal rhythm, chikamu 1, M., 1915, p. 47; Tyulin Yu. N., Privano NG, Theoretical Foundations of Harmony, L., 1956, p. 205-10, M., 1965, p. 210-15; Zarlino G., Le institutioni harmonice. Faksi ye1558, NY, (1965); Mersenne M., Harmonie universelle. La théorie et la pratique de la musique (P., 1636-37), t. 2, P., 1963, p. 312-14; Brossard S., Dictionaire de musique…, P., 1703; Mattheson J., Das neu-eröffnete Orchestre…, Hamb., 1713, S. 111-12; yake, Der vollkommene Capellmeister, Hamb., 1739, S. 288-96, kureva, Kassel - Basel, 1954; Martini GB, Esemplare o sia saggio fondamentale pratico di contrappunto sopra il canto fermo, pt. 1, Bologna, 1774, p. XIX-XXII; Koch H. Chr., Musikalisches Lexikon, Fr./M., 1802, Hdlb., 1865, S. 712-14; Richter EF, Lehrbuch der Harmonie, Lpz., 1853 Riemann H., Vereinfachte Harmonielehre, L. – NY, (1868) Müller-Blattau J., Die Kompositionslehre Heinrich Schützens in der Passung seines Schülers Christoph, Bernard iwe, 154.

Yu. H. Kholopov