Variable fret |

Variable fret - imwe nzira iyo basa remudzi (tonic) rinoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana nematoni akasiyana-siyana echiyero chimwe chete, pamwe chete nemaitiro, chiyero chinoshanduka ne tonic imwechete (tonic) (maererano neIV Sposobin).

Pfungwa "P. l." inowanzo shandiswa kune yekutanga yeiyi modhi, kunyangwe ichifanirwa kunzi variable-tonal, uye yechipiri - chaizvo

Rwiyo rwechiRussia "Iwe uri munda wangu."

variable fret. P. l. inowanikwa muNar. mimhanzi, kunyanya muchiRussia. Inorondedzera fragility ye tonal centre inobvumira kuti ifambe nyore kusvika kune chero nhanho, uye hapana manzwiro ekugadzirisa. Musiyano uripo pakati pekuchinjika-modal displacement yerutsigiro kubva kumodulation iri mukushaikwa kwekusiya imwe kiyi nekumisikidza imwe, kana mukubatanidza maviri kana anopfuura. makiyi (ane chiyero chimwe chete) mune imwe modal yakazara. Kunzwa kwevaviri kana kupfuura kunokunda. mavara eiyo yakafanana modal system (MI Glinka, "Ivan Susanin", 1st chiito, korasi "Ice yakatora rwizi ruzere"). Izvi zvinonyanya kuoneka muchimiro chakajairika cheP.l. - a parallel-alternating fret (ona muenzaniso uri pamusoro, uyewo muenzaniso wenziyo yeRussia "Mwana akafamba nesango" munyaya yeSound system). Kupfava kweshanduko kubva kune imwe tsigiro kuenda kune imwe, inova yakajairwa kuP.l., inoipa iyo yakadzikama iridescent hunhu. Zvisinei, imwe dudziro yekutaura kwayo inogoneka zvakare - ona, semuenzaniso, chidimbu kubva pachiitiko chechipiri che opera Prince Igor naBorodin:

Matambiro evarume ndeemusango.

Mudzidziso dzeMiddle Ages. anofarira izwi rekuti "P. l." imwe pfungwa ine hukama ndeye tonus peregrinus ("wandering tone", semuenzaniso, murwiyo rwe antiphon "Nos qui vivimus"), iyo inoreva kupera kwerwiyo mukuora. magumo, pamwe nekusiyana kwezvimwe zvinotsigira fret. Pfungwa yezana ramakore rechi 17 yakafanana muchirevo. ateratio modi ("kuchinja kwemaitiro"), inoshandiswa kune zvidimbu zvinotanga mune imwe toni uye zvinopera mune imwe (naK. Bernhard); shanduko yenzwi inogona kududzirwa zvese semodulation uye seP.l. NP Diletskii (70s yezana ramakore rechi 17) anotarisira pfungwa yeP. l. mudzidziso ye "mixed music". Nokuda kwekusiyana kwe modal muchiRussia. nar. NA Lvov (1790) akakwevera ngwariro kunziyo dzacho, ndokudzitsanangura se“zvisinganzwisisike mumhanzi” (nziyo Nha. Asi muchokwadi pfungwa uye izwi rekuti "P l." zvakatanga kutaurwa naVL Yavorsky. Mafungiro ake tsananguro yakabikwa kusvika pakuti mamwe toni akatsiga mune chimwe chikamu chechimiro chemodal, uye isina kugadzikana mune imwe (inodzoreredza simba regiravhiti, maererano naVA Zuckerman, semuenzaniso, inonzwika ga).

Yu. N. Tyulin inobatanidza kuitika kweP. pamwe nekukwidziridzwa kwezvinosiyana chord mabasa.

References: Lvov HA, On Russian Folk Singing, mubhuku rake: Collection of Russian Folk Songs with their Voices, St. Petersburg, 1790, rakabudiswa zvakare. M., 1955; Diletsky HP, Muimbi Grammar, (St. Petersburg), 1910; Protopopov EV, Zvimiro zvechimiro chekutaura kwemimhanzi, zvikamu 1-2. M., 1930; Tyulin Yu. N., Bhuku Rokuwirirana, chikamu 2, M., 1959; Vakhromeev VA, Modal chimiro chenziyo dzechiRussia uye kudzidza kwayo mukati medzidziso yekutanga yemimhanzi, M., 1968; Sposobin IV, Hurukuro pakufamba kwekuwirirana, M., 1969; Protopopov VI, Nikolai Diletsky uye "Music Grammar" yake, "Musica Antiqua", IV, Bydgoszcz, 1975; Tsukerman VA, Mimwe mibvunzo yekuwirirana, mubhuku rake: mimhanzi-yezvinyorwa zvinyorwa uye etudes, vol. 2, M., 1975; Müller-Blattau J., Die Kompositionslehre Heinrich Schützens in der Fassung senes Schülers Christoph Bernhard, Lpz., 1926, Kassel ua, 1963.

Yu. H. Kholopov