Ruggero Leoncavallo |

Ruggero Leoncavallo

“… Baba vangu vaive mutungamiri weTribunal, amai vangu vaive mwanasikana wemuimbi ane mukurumbira wekuNeapolitan. Ndakatanga kudzidza mimhanzi muNaples uye pazera remakore 8 ndakapinda muimba yekuchengetedza, pazera remakore 16 ndakagamuchira maestro diploma, purofesa wangu wekunyora aiva Serrao, mupiyano Chesi. Pamafinal exams vakaita cantata yangu. Ipapo ndakapinda muFaculty of Philology paYunivhesiti yeBologna kuti ndivandudze ruzivo rwangu. Ndakadzidza nomudetembi wokuItaly Giosuè Caroucci, uye pazera ramakore 20 ndakagamuchira doctorate yangu mumabhuku. Ndakazoenda kuEgypt kunoona sekuru vangu vaiva muimbi padare. Hondo yakangoerekana yavapo uye kutorwa kweEgypt nemaBritish zvakavhiringa zvirongwa zvangu zvese. Pasina kana sendi muhomwe yangu, ndakapfeka rokwe rechiArab, handina kumbobuda muEgypt ndokuzoguma ndava kuMarseille, kwakatanga kudzungaira. Ndakapa zvidzidzo zvemimhanzi, zvaiitwa mumakofi echantany, ndakanyora nziyo dzemasoubrettes muhoro dzemimhanzi, ”R. Leoncavallo akanyora nezvake.

Uye pakupedzisira, rombo rakanaka. Munyori anodzokera kunyika yake uye aripo pakukunda kweP. Mascagni's Rustic Honor. Kuita uku kwakasarudza kuguma kwaLeoncavallo: anokudziridza chido chekunyora chete opera uye chete nenzira itsva. Zano racho rakakurumidza kuuya mupfungwa: kubereka muchimiro chechiitiko chinotyisa kubva muupenyu, chaakaona pazera remakore gumi namashanu: valet yababa vake yakawira murudo nemusikana anodzungaira, uyo murume wake, akabata vadikani, akauraya vose mudzimai wake. uye munyengeri. Zvakatora Leoncavallo mwedzi mishanu chete kunyora iyo libretto uye zvibodzwa zvePagliacci. Opera yakaitwa muMilan muna 1892 pasi pekutungamirirwa kwechidiki A. Toscanini. Kubudirira kwaive kukuru. "Pagliacci" yakaonekwa pakarepo pamatanho ese eEurope. Iyo opera yakatanga kuitwa manheru mamwe chete seMascagni's Rural Honor, zvichiratidza kufora kwekukunda kwemaitiro matsva mune art - verismo. Nhanganyaya yeopera Pagliacci yakaziviswa Manifesto yeVerism. Sezvakataurwa nevatsoropodzi, kubudirira kweiyo opera kwakakonzerwa nekuti munyori aive netarenda rekunyora rakatanhamara. Iyo libretto yePajatsev, yakanyorwa naiye, yakapfupika, ine simba, inosiyanisa, uye mavara evatambi anotsanangurwa mukuzorodza. Uye iyi yese inopenya yemitambo chiitiko inoiswa musingakanganwike, manzwiro akavhurika nziyo. Panzvimbo peiyo yakajairwa yakawedzera arias, Leoncavallo anopa ane simba ariosos yesimba remoyo rakadaro zvekuti opera yekuItaly aisaziva pamberi pake.

Mushure meVaPagliacians, munyori akagadzira mamwe opera gumi nemapfumbamwe, asi hapana mumwe wavo aive nebudiriro yakafanana neyekutanga. Leoncavallo akanyora mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana: ane mitambo yezvakaitika kare ("Roland kubva kuBerlin" - 19, "Medici" - 1904), njodzi dzinoshamisa ("Gypsies", inobva mudetembo raA. Pushkin - 1888), comic operas ("Maya "- 1912), operettas ("Malbrook" - 1910, "Queen of the Roses" - 1910, "The First Kiss" - post. 1912, nezvimwewo) uye, zvechokwadi, verist operas ("La Boheme" - 1923 uye "Zaza" - 1896).

Pamusoro pemabasa emhando ye opera, Leoncavallo akanyora symphonic mabasa, piyano zvidimbu, zverudo, uye nziyo. Asi chete "Pagliacci" ichiri kuramba ichibudirira kuenda kumatanho eopera epasirese.

M. Dvorkina