Karenda yemimhanzi - Gunyana

Munyika yemimhanzi, mwedzi wekutanga wekuvhuvhuta imhando yekuchinja kubva pakuzorora kusvika pakudzoka kwekuita kwekonti, tarisiro yemitambo mitsva. Mhepo yezhizha ichiri kunzwika, asi vaimbi vari kutoronga zvinhu zvemwaka mutsva.

Gunyana rakaratidzwa nekuzvarwa kwevaimbi vakati wandei vane zvipo kamwechete. Ava ndivo vanyori D. Shostakovich, A. Dvorak, J. Frescobaldi, M. Oginsky, mutungamiri Yevgeny Svetlanov, violinist David Oistrakh.

Vagadziri venziyo dzinonakidza

3 Gunyana 1803 makore muMoscow, muimba yemunyori wechechi, muimbi weSerf akaberekwa Alexander Gurilev. Akapinda munhoroondo yemimhanzi semunyori wezvinofadza zverudo. Mukomana akaratidza tarenda rake kare. Kubva pazera remakore matanhatu, akadzidza piyano achitungamirirwa naI. Genishta naD. Field, akaridza viola uye violin mu orchestra ya Count Orlov, uye zvishoma gare gare akava nhengo ye quartet ye Prince Golitsyn.

Mushure mekugamuchira freestyle, Gurilev akatanga kushingaira kuita konzati uye kunyora mabasa. Rudo rwake rwakakurumidza kuwana mukurumbira pakati pevagari vemuguta, uye vazhinji "vakaenda kuvanhu." Pakati pevanonyanya kudiwa, munhu anogona kutumidza "Boring Boring uye Sad", "Amai Njiva", "The Swallow Curls", nezvimwewo.

8 Gunyana 1841 makore 2nd Czech classic mushure mekunge Smetana auya kupasi Antonin Dvorak. Azvarirwa mumhuri yebhucha, akaita nhamburiko huru mukuva muimbi, mukupesana negamuchidzanwa remhuri. Pashure pokunge apedza kudzidza paOrgan School muPrague, munyori wacho akakwanisa kuwana basa rokuridza violist muCzech National Orchestra, uyezve semuimbi muChechi yePrague yeSt. Adalbert. Chinzvimbo ichi chaimubvumira kuti abate mabasa ekunyora. Pakati pemabasa ake, anozivikanwa zvikuru aiva "Slavic Dances", opera "Jacobin", 9th symphony "Kubva Munyika Itsva".

13 Gunyana 1583 makore muguta reFerrara, rinofungidzirwa muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX imwe yenzvimbo dzetsika dzemimhanzi, akaberekwa ari tenzi akatanhamara wenguva yeBaroque, muvambi wechikoro cheItaly organ. Girolamo Frescobaldi. Akashanda se harpsichordist uye organist mumachechi akasiyana-siyana, kumatare evakuru. Mukurumbira waFrescobaldi wakaunzwa ne1603 canzones yakabudiswa muna 3 uye First Book of Madrigals. Panguva imwe cheteyo, munyori wacho akatora nzvimbo yakakwirira zvikuru somunyori wechechi yeSt. Peter’s Cathedral muRome, kwaakashanda kusvikira afa. Shasha dzakadai saIS Bach naD. Buxtehude.

25 Gunyana 1765 makore mutaundi reGuzow pedyo neWarsaw kwakaberekwa Mikhail Kleofas Oginsky, uyo akazova kwete chete munyori wenziyo ane mukurumbira, asiwo mukuru wezvamatongerwe enyika. Upenyu hwake hwakanga hwakakomberedzwa neaura yerudo uye chakavanzika, kunyange munguva yehupenyu hwake pakanga pane ngano pamusoro pake, akanzwa kakawanda pamusoro pekufa kwake.

Muimbi akazvarirwa mumhuri ine chinzvimbo chepamusoro. Sekuru vake, mukuru weLithuanian hetman Mikhail Kazimierz Ogiński, aive muimbi anofarira, achigadzira maopera uye zviridzwa. Oginsky akagamuchira hunyanzvi hwake hwekutanga mukuridza piyano kubva kumuimbi wedare remhuri yeOsip Kozlovsky, ipapo akavandudza hunyanzvi hwake muItaly. Achishingaira mumabasa ezvematongerwo enyika, munyori akabatana nekumukira kweKosciuszko muna 1794, uye mushure mekukundwa kwake akamanikidzwa kusiya nyika yake. Pakati pemabasa ake akasara kusvikira nhasi, polonaise "Farewell to the Motherland" yakakurumbira zvikuru.

M. Oginsky - Polonaise "Farewell to the Motherland"

25 Gunyana 1906 makore muimbi ane mukurumbira-symphonist, wekare wezana ramakore rechiXNUMX akauya munyika Dmitry Shostakovich. Akazvizivisa mumhando zhinji, asi akapa sarudzo kune symphony. Kurarama munguva yakaoma yeRussia neUSSR, haana kungorumbidzwa nevakuru nevatsoropodzi, asi akatongerwa kanopfuura kamwe. Asi mubasa rake, aigara akatendeka kumitemo yake, saka akakwevera kune symphony semhando yakasununguka yekutaura pfungwa.

Akasika 15 symphonies. Chimwe chezvainyanya kukosha chaiva 7th "Leningrad" symphony, iyo yakaratidza chido chevanhu vose veSoviet kukunda fascism. Rimwe basa iro munyori aisanganisira kurwisana kwakanyanya munguva yedu yaiva opera Katerina Izmailova.

Maestro emanzwi

6 Gunyana 1928 makore kondakita mukuru wenguva yedu akaberekerwa muMoscow Evgeny Svetlanov. Pamusoro pekuitisa, anozivikanwa semunhu weruzhinji, theorist, pianist, munyori wezvinyorwa zvakawanda, zvinyorwa, uye zvinyorwa. Kwenguva yakawanda yehupenyu hwake akashanda semutungamiriri mukuru uye mukuru weUSSR State Symphony Orchestra.

Svetlanov aive nehunyanzvi hwaimutendera kuti agadzire mafomu akakosha, panguva imwe chete achinyatsokwenenzvera iwo mameseji. Hwaro hwemaitiro ake ekugadzira ndiyo yakanyanya melodiousness yeorchestra. Mutungamiriri akanga ari muparidzi anoshingaira wemimhanzi yeRussia neSoviet. Kwemakore apfuura, akapihwa mibairo yakawanda uye mazita ekukudza. Kubudirira kukuru kwemaestro kwaive kusikwa kwe "Anthology yeRussia Symphonic Music"

13 Gunyana 1908 makore mutambi weviolin akaberekerwa muOdessa David Oistrakh. Nyanzvi dzemimhanzi dzinobatanidza kubudirira kwechikoro cheimba yeviolin nezita rake. Kutamba kwake kwairatidzwa nekureruka kunoshamisa kwehunyanzvi, kuchena kwakakwana kweizwi uye kuburitswa kwakadzama kwemifananidzo. Kunyange zvazvo repertoire yaOistrakh yaisanganisira mabasa eviolin ane mukurumbira nemakirasi ekunze, akanga ari muparidzi asinganeti wevatenzi veSoviet vemhando yeviolin. Akava muiti wekutanga wemabasa eviolin naA. Khachaturian, N. Rakov, N. Myaskovsky.

Zviitiko zvakasiya chiratidzo munhoroondo yemimhanzi

Nekusiyana kwemakore matanhatu, zviitiko zve 6 zvakaitika munaSeptember zvakashandura dzidzo yemimhanzi muRussia. Pana September 2, 20, nokutora rutivi kwakananga kwaAnton Rubinstein, kuvhurwa kukuru kwenzvimbo yokutanga yokuchengetera vanhu yokuRussia muSt. NA akashanda ikoko kwenguva yakareba. Rimsky-Korsakov. Uye musi waSeptember 1862, 13, Moscow Conservatory yakavhurwa pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaNikolai Rubinstein, uko PI Chaikovsky.

Musi waGunyana 30, 1791, opera yekupedzisira yeMozart huru, The Magic Flute, yakaratidzwa kune vateereri paAn der Wien Theatre muVienna. Ochestra yaitungamirirwa namhanzi pachake. Kunyange zvazvo pasina ruzivo rwakakwana pamusoro pekubudirira kwezvigadzirwa zvekutanga, zvinozivikanwa kuti mimhanzi yakawira murudo nevateereri, nziyo dze opera dzaigara dzichinzwika mumigwagwa uye mudzimba dzeVienna.

DD Shostakovich - Romance kubva mufirimu "The Gadfly"

Munyori - Victoria Denisova