John Barbirolli (John Barbirolli) |

John Barbirolli

John Barbirolli anofarira kuzvidaidza kuti chizvarwa cheLondon. Akanyatsove akabatana neguta guru reChirungu: vanhu vashomanana kunyange muEngland vanoyeuka kuti zita rake rekupedzisira rinonzwika chiItaly nokuda kwechikonzero, uye zita rechokwadi remuiti wacho haasi John zvachose, asi Giovanni Battista. Amai vake muFrench, uye kudivi rababa vake anobva kumhuri yemimhanzi yeItaly yakagara nhaka: sekuru nababa vemuimbi vairidza violin uye vaitamba pamwechete muLa Scala orchestra pazuva risingakanganwike rekutanga kweOthello. Hongu, uye Barbirolli inoratidzika semuItaly: inopinza zvinhu, vhudzi rakasviba, maziso anofadza. Ndosaka Toscanini, akasangana naye kekutanga makore mazhinji gare gare, akati: “Ehe, unofanira kunge uri mwanakomana waLorenzo, mutambi weviolin!”

Uye zvakadaro Barbirolli murungu - nekurerwa kwake, mimhanzi inonaka, hunhu hwakadzikama. Maestro amangwana akarererwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akapfuma mune unyanzvi. Maererano netsika dzemhuri, vaida kumugadzira mutambi weviolin. Asi mukomana akanga asingagoni kugara akanyarara neviolin uye, paanenge achidzidza, aigara achidzungaira muimba. Sekuru ndipo pavakafunga kuti – regai mukomana adzidze kuridza sero: haugone kufamba naye.

Kekutanga Barbirolli akazviratidza pamberi peruzhinji semuimbi ari ega muTrinity College mudzidzi orchestra, uye pazera remakore gumi nematatu - gore rakatevera - akapinda muRoyal Academy of Music, mukirasi ye cello, mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza kubva kwaakashanda. orchestras pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaG. Wood naT. Beecham - neRussia Ballet uye paCovent Garden Theatre. Senhengo yeInternational String Quartet, akaita muFrance, Netherlands, Spain uye kumba. Pakupedzisira, muna 1924, Barbirolli akaronga boka rake pachake, Barbirolli String Orchestra.

Kubva panguva iyoyo inotanga basa reBarbirolli conductor. Nenguva isipi hunyanzvi hwake hwekuitisa hwakakwezva kutarisisa kweiyo impresario, uye muna 1926 akakokwa kuti aite zvakatevedzana zveBritish National Opera Company - "Aida", "Romeo naJuliet", "Cio-Cio-San", "Falstaff". ”. Mumakore iwayo, Giovanni Battista, uye akatanga kudanwa nezita rechiNgezi rokuti John.

Panguva imwecheteyo, kunyangwe yakabudirira operatic debut, Barbirolli akazvipira zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kuitisa konzati. Muna 1933, akatanga kutungamirira boka guru - yeScottish Orchestra muGlasgow - uye mumakore matatu ekushanda akakwanisa kuishandura kuva imwe yemitambo yakanakisisa munyika.

Makore mashomanana gare gare, mukurumbira waBarbirolli wakakura zvokuti akakokwa kuNew York Philharmonic Orchestra kuti atsive Arturo Toscanini semutungamiri wayo. Akatsungirira dambudziko rakaoma nerukudzo - iro rakaoma kaviri, nekuti muNew York panguva iyoyo mazita eanenge maconductor makuru epasirese akatamira kuUnited States panguva yefascism akaonekwa pamaposta. Asi hondo payakatanga, kondakita akasarudza kudzokera kunyika yake. Akabudirira chete muna 1942, mushure merwendo rwakaoma uye rwemazuva mazhinji ari mungarava yepasi pemvura. Kugamuchirwa kwechido kwaakaitwa nevaaigara navo kwakasarudza nyaya, gore rakatevera muimbi akazotama ndokutungamira rimwe remapoka ekare, Halle Orchestra.

Nechikwata ichi, Barbirolli akashanda kwemakore akawanda, achidzokera kwaari kubwinya kwaakaita muzana remakore rapfuura; uyezve, kekutanga orchestra inobva kupurovhinzi yava boka renyika dzakawanda zvechokwadi. Makondakita epasirese uye soloists vakatanga kuita naye. Barbirolli pachake akafamba mumakore ekupedzisira kwehondo - zvose ari oga, uye ne orchestra yake, uye nemamwe mapoka eChirungu chaizvoizvo nyika yose. Muma60s akatungamirirawo orchestra muHouston (USA). Muna 1967, iye, achitungamirirwa neBBC Orchestra, akashanyira USSR. Kusvikira zuva ranhasi, anonakidzwa nekufarirwa kwakakodzera zvose kumba uye kune dzimwe nyika.

Iko kunaka kweBarbirolli kune Chirungu art haina kuganhurirwa kusangano uye kusimbiswa kwemapoka eorchestra. Anozivikanwa semutsigiri ane shungu webasa revanyori veChirungu, uye kunyanya Elgar naVaughan Williams, mutambi wekutanga weakawanda emabasa aaive. Kudzikama, kwakajeka, maitiro ehukuru hwemutungamiri wemuimbi akanyatsoenderana nemhando yemimhanzi yevanyori veChirungu symphonic. Vanyori vanofarira vaBarbirolli vanosanganisirawo vanyori vekupera kwezana remakore rapfuura, masters emhando huru yesymphonic; ane mavambo makuru uye kunyengetedza anopa pfungwa huru dzeBrahms, Sibelius, Mahler.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969