Issay Dobrowen |

Issay Dobrowen

Zita chairo uye surname - Yitzchok Zorakhovich Barabeychik. Pazera remakore 5 akaita semuimbi wepiyano. Muna 1901-11 akadzidza panguva Moscow Conservatory pamwe AA Yaroshevsky, KN Igumnov (piano kirasi). Muna 1911-12 akavandudza paChikoro chepamusoro Mastery paAcademy of Music and Performing Arts muVienna naL. Goddowsky. Muna 1917-21 purofesa paMoscow Philharmonic School, kirasi yepiyano.

Sezvo ari kondakita, akaita debut yake panguva Theater. VF Komissarzhevskaya (1919), yakaitwa paBolshoi Theatre muMoscow (1921-22). Akaridza purogiramu yemakonti yeVI Lenin muimba ye EP Peshkova, kusanganisira L. Beethoven's sonata "Appassionata". Kubva 1923 aigara kunze kwenyika, akaita kondakita mumakonzati symphony uye Opera dzimba (kusanganisira Dresden State Opera, apo muna 1923 akaita kugadzirwa kwokutanga muGermany Boris Godunov). Muna 1 aive wekutanga conductor weBolshoi Volksoper muBerlin uye mutungamiriri weDresden Philharmonic Concerts. Muna 1924-1, mutungamiriri wemimhanzi weState Opera muSofia. Muna 1927 aive mutungamiri mukuru weMuseum Concert muFrankfurt am Main.

Muna 1931-35 mutungamiri weiyo symphony orchestra muSan Francisco (mwaka miviri), akatamba nemitambo yakawanda, kusanganisira Minneapolis, New York, Philadelphia. Akafamba semutungamiri munyika dzakasiyana-siyana dzeEurope, kusanganisira Italy, Hungary, Sweden (muna 2-1941 akatungamirira Royal Opera muStockholm). Kubva 45 akaita panguva La Scala Theater (Milan).

Dobrovein yaisiyaniswa netsika yepamusoro yemimhanzi, kugona kwe orchestra, pfungwa yakasarudzika yemutinhimira, hunyanzvi uye hunhu hwakajeka. Munyori wemabasa akawanda mumweya weRomantics uye AN Scriabin, pakati pavo nhetembo, mabharadhi, matambiro uye zvimwe zvidimbu zvepiyano, koniti yepiyano uye orchestra; 2 sonatas yepiyano (yechipiri yakatsaurirwa kuna Scriabin) uye 2 yeviolin nepiyano; violin zvidimbu (payano); zverudo, nziyo dzemitambo.

Munyika yedu, Dobrovein anozivikanwa zvikuru semupiyano. Akapedza kudzidza kuMoscow Conservatory, mudzidzi waTaneyev naIgumnov, akavandudza muVienna naL. Godovsky uye akakurumidza kuwana mukurumbira weEurope. Kare munguva dzeSoviet, Dobrovein akawana rukudzo rwekutamba pafurati yaGorky kuna Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, uyo aikoshesa zvikuru unyanzvi hwake. Mutambi akachengeta chiyeuchidzo chemusangano naLenin kweupenyu hwose. Makore mazhinji gare gare, achipa ruremekedzo kumutungamiri mukuru wechimurenga, Dobrovein akaita konzati muBerlin yakarongwa neSoviet Embassy pamusi wekufa kwaIlyich ...

Dobrovein akaita debut yake sekondakita muna 1919 paBolshoi Theatre. Kubudirira kwakakura nokukurumidza, uye makore matatu gare gare akakokwa kuDresden kuti aite mitambo yeimba yeopera. Kubva ipapo, makumi matatu emakore - kusvika pakufa kwake - Dobrovein akapedza kunze kwenyika, achingodzungaira uye kushanya. Kwese kwese kwaaizivikanwa uye aikoshesa zvakanyanya seanoshingairira propagandist uye muturikiri akanaka kwazvo wemimhanzi yeRussia. Kunyange muDresden, kukunda kwechokwadi kwakamuunza kubudiswa kwe "Boris Godunov" - yekutanga pamusangano weGermany. Ipapo akadzokorora kubudirira uku muBerlin, uye gare gare - mushure meHondo Yenyika Yechipiri - Toscanini akakoka Dobrovijn kuLa Scala, kwaakaitisa Boris Godunov, Khovanshchina, Prince Igor kwemwaka mitatu (1949-1951). ", "Kitezh", "Firebird", "Scheherazade" ...

Dobrovein akafamba pasi rose. Akaitisa munhandare dzemitambo nemakonsati muRome, Venice, Budapest, Stockholm, Sofia, Oslo, Helsinki, New York, San Francisco uye akawanda emamwe maguta. Mumakore makumi matatu, muimbi akashanda kwenguva yakati muAmerica, asi akakundikana kugadzikana munyika yebhizimisi remimhanzi uye akadzokera kuEurope nokukurumidza. Kwemakore gumi nehafu apfuura, Dobrovijn ainyanya kugara muSweden, achitungamira theatre uye orchestra muGothenburg, achigara achiridza muStockholm nemamwe maguta eScandinavia uye muEurope yese. Mumakore aya, akarekodha zvakawanda pamarekodhi emabasa emimhanzi yeRussia (kusanganisira makonsati aMedtner nemunyori semuimbi ari ega), pamwe chete nenziyo dzeBrahms. Aya marekodhi anoita kuti zvikwanise kunzwa kuti chii chaive chakavanzika chekunaka kwemuitisi: dudziro yake inokwezva nekutsva, kukurumidza manzwiro, kushamisira, dzimwe nguva, zvisinei, kupfeka hunhu hwekunze. Dobrovein aive murume ane matarenda akawanda. Achishanda mudzimba dzeOpera dzeEurope, haana kuzviratidza semutungamiri wekirasi yekutanga chete, asiwo semutungamiriri ane chipo. Akanyora opera "30 Nights" uye akati wandei enziyo dzepiyano.

"Contemporary Conductor", M. 1969.