Clemens Krauss (Clemens Krauss) |

Clemens Krauss

Kune avo vaiziva hunyanzvi hweuyu conductor wekuAustria akatanhamara, zita rake hariparadzaniswe neraRichard Strauss. Kraus kwemakumi emakore aive shamwari yepedyo, comrade-mu-maoko, ane pfungwa dzakafanana uye asingaenzaniswi muiti wemabasa emunyori akangwara weGerman. Kunyange kusiyana kwezera hakuna kukanganisa kubatana kwekugadzira kwaivepo pakati pevaimbi ava: vakasangana kekutanga apo mutungamiri wemakore makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe akakokwa kuVienna State Opera - Strauss aiva nemakore makumi matanhatu panguva iyoyo. . Hushamwari hwakazvarwa panguva iyoyo hwakakanganiswa chete nerufu rwemunyori ...

Zvisinei, unhu hwaKraus semuitisi, hongu, hwakanga husina kuganhurirwa kune ichi chikamu chebasa rake. Akanga ari mumwe wevamiririri vakakurumbira veViennese vachiitisa chikoro, vachipenya mune repertoire yakawanda, iyo yakavakirwa pamimhanzi yerudo. Hunhu hwakajeka hwaKraus, hunyanzvi hwekuita, kukwezva kwekunze kwakaonekwa kunyange pamberi pemusangano naStrauss, zvichisiya pasina kupokana nezveramangwana rake rakanaka. Aya maficha aive akaiswa mune kunyanya kuzorora mukududzira kwake kwevanodanana.

Kufanana nemamwe maconductor akawanda eAustria, Kraus akatanga hupenyu hwake mumimhanzi senhengo yedare vakomana' chapel muVienna, uye akaenderera mberi nedzidzo yake paVienna Academy of Music achitungamirwa naGredener naHeuberger. Achangopedza zvidzidzo zvake, muimbi wechidiki akashanda semutungamiri muBrno, ipapo muRiga, Nuremberg, Szczecin, Graz, kwaakatanga kuva mukuru weimba yeopera. Kwapera gore, akakokwa semutungamiriri wekutanga weVienna State Opera (1922), uye pasina nguva akatora chinzvimbo che "General Music Director" muFrankfurt am Main.

Hunyanzvi hwekuronga hwakasarudzika, hunyanzvi hwaKraus hunoshamisa hwakaita kunge hwakagadzirirwa kutungamira opera. Uye akararama kune zvese zvinotarisirwa, achitungamira dzimba dzeOpera dzeVienna, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Munich kwemakore mazhinji uye kunyora akawanda mapeji anobwinya munhoroondo yavo. Kubva 1942 anga ariwo mutungamiriri wehunyanzvi weSalzburg Festivals.

"MuClemens Kraus, chiitiko chinokatyamadza uye chinonakidza, zvimiro zvechimiro chemuAustria chakaiswa uye kuratidzwa," mutsoropodzi akanyora. uye hunhu hwekuzvarwa nahwo.

Maopera mana akaitwa naR. Strauss vane chikwereti chemutambo wavo wekutanga kuna Clemens Kraus. MuDresden, pasi pekutungamirirwa kwake, "Arabella" yakatanga kuitwa, muMunich - "Zuva Rorugare" uye "Capriccio", muSalzburg - "Rudo rwaDanae" (muna 1952, mushure mekufa kwemunyori). Pamaopera maviri ekupedzisira, Kraus akanyora iyo libretto pachake.

Mumakore gumi ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake, Kraus akaramba kushanda zvachose mune imwe yemitambo. Akafamba zvakawanda pasirese, akanyorwa paDecca rekodhi. Pakati pezvinyorwa zvakasara zveKraus zvinenge zvese symphonic nhetembo naR. Strauss, mabasa aBeethoven naBrahms, pamwe chete nezvinyorwa zvakawanda zveViennese Strauss dynasty, kusanganisira The Gypsy Baron, overtures, waltzes. Imwe yeakanakisa marekodhi inotora yekupedzisira yechinyakare konzati yeGore Idzva yeVienna Philharmonic inoitiswa naKraus, umo anoitisa mabasa aJohann Strauss baba, Johann Strauss mwanakomana naJoseph Strauss nehungwaru, hukuru uye zvechokwadi Viennese runako. Rufu rwakabata Clemens Kraus muMexico City, panguva yekonzati inotevera.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek