François-André Philidor |

Francois-Andre Philidor

Padare ramambo weFrance Louis XIII, anoshamisa oboist Michel Danican Philidor, wemhuri yeFrance yeCouperin, akashumira. Rimwe zuva aifanira kuuya kumuzinda kuti atore chikamu mukonzati yaitevera yamambo, uyo akanga achimutarisira. Muimbi paakaoneka mumuzinda, Louis akati: “Pakupedzisira, Philidor adzoka!” Kubva panguva iyoyo, imba yamambo yakatanga kunzi Phiridor. Ndiye akazova muvambi wedzinza rakasiyana revaimbi veFrance vakatanhamara.

Mumiriri anozivikanwa wedzinza iri ndiFrancois André Philidor.

Akaberekwa musi waSeptember 7, 1726 mutaundi duku reDreux, nechepakati peFrance. Akawana dzidzo yake yemimhanzi paImperial School yeVersailles, achidzidza achitungamirirwa naCampra. Apedza dzidzo yake nounyanzvi, akakundikana, kunyanguvezvo, kuwana mukurumbira somuimbi anocherekedzwa uye muimbi. Asi ndizvo chaizvo apa kuti rimwe tarenda risina mubvunzo raPhilidor rakazviratidza musimba rakazara, iro rakaita kuti zita rake rizivikanwe munyika yose! Kubva 1745, akafamba nemuGermany, Holland neEngland uye akazivikanwa pasi rose semutambi wekutanga chess, shasha yenyika. Anove nyanzvi chess mutambi. Muna 1749, bhuku rake Chess Analysis rakabudiswa muLondon. Chidzidzo chinoshamisa, kunyangwe chingaite sechinoshamisa, chinoshanda nanhasi. Sezvo akazviwanira raramo, Philidor haana kukurumidza kufambira mberi netarenda rake remumhanzi uye muna 1754 chete akazivisa kudzoka kwake kumumhanzi aine motet "Lauda Jerusalem", yakanyorerwa Versailles Chapel.

Zvinofanira kutaurwa pano kuti kare muna 1744, pamberi peyakazotevera chess epic, Philidor, pamwe chete naJean Jacques Rousseau, vakapinda mukugadzira heroic ballet "Le Muses galantes". Ipapo ndipo apo munyori akatanga kunyora mimhanzi yeatheater.

Iye zvino Philidor anova musiki weFrench musical and theatrical genre - iyo comic opera (opera comigue). Yekutanga yemitambo yake yakawanda yemakomiki, Blaise the Shoemaker, yakaitirwa muParis muna 1759. Mazhinji emabasa edariro akatevera akaitwawo muParis. Mimhanzi yaPhilidor ndeyemitambo yemitambo uye ine hanya inomiririra kutendeuka kwese kwechiito uye inoburitsa kwete kusetsa chete, asiwo mamiriro enziyo.

Mabasa aFelidor akabudirira zvikuru. Kwenguva yokutanga muParis, (zvino haina kugamuchirwa), munyori akadanwa pachikuva kuti aombere maoko. Izvi zvakaitika mushure mekuita kweOpera yake "Muroyi". Kweanopfuura makore gumi, kubvira 1764, maopera aPhilidor ave akakurumbira muRussia zvakare. Dzakarongwa kakawanda muSt. Petersburg nomuMoscow.

Ane chipo hukuru hwekusika, Philidor akakwanisa kusanganisa mumabasa ake kusimba kwehunyanzvi hwevanyori veGerman nekunaka kwevaItaly, pasina kurasikirwa nemweya wenyika, nekuda kweiyo nziyo dzake dzakaita mukurumbira mukuru. Mumakore makumi maviri nematanhatu akanyora 26 lyric opera; vakanakisisa vavo: "Le jardiniere et son Seigneur", "Le Marechal ferrant", "Le Sorcier", "Ernelinde", "Tom Jones", "Themistocle" uye "Persee".

Kuuya kweChimurenga chikuru cheFrance chakamanikidza Philidor kusiya nyika yababa vake uye kusarudza England sehutiziro hwake. Pano mugadziri weFrench comic opera akararama mazuva ake ekupedzisira, asina tariro. Rufu rwakauya muLondon muna 1795.

Viktor Kashirnikov