Friedrich von Flotow |

Friedrich von Flotow

Flotov. "Martha". M'appari (B. Gigli)

Mukurumbira waFlotov hausati wabva pane imwe opera "Martha", asi pane imwe aria kubva mairi, kunyange pakati pezana remakore rechi30 akanga ari pakati pevanyori vakakurumbira veGermany comic operas. Huwandu hwavo hwakapfuura XNUMX paFlotov.

Zita rekuti Flotov, rinonzwika sechiRussian, rinobva pazita reimba yemhuri Vlotho muWestphalia padhuze neMinden paRwizi rweWeser (zvino yava nzvimbo yedunhu reNorth Rhine-Westphalia). Madzitateguru emunyori akatamira kuMecklenburg kare muzana ramakore re1810, mhuri yake yebharonial yaionekwa seimwe yevakuru munyika ino uye yaive ishe wevaridzi vevhu vazhinji vakapoterera. Muna 26, baba vomunyori, mukuru mukuru muuto rePrussia, vakava muridzi wenyika. Nekudaro, kupindirwa kwaNapoleon kwakamuita kuti aparadze, uye munyori weramangwana Friedrich von Flotow akaberekwa muna Kubvumbi 1812, XNUMX muimba ine mwero yenyika yeTeitendorf mhuri estate muMecklenburg. Baba vake vakamupa basa redhipatimendi, vakaona mumhanzi mutambo unofadza chete uye munzira dzese dzaipesana nekusimudzirwa kwetarenda rekutanga remukomana. Friedrich akagamuchira zvidzidzo zvake zvepiyano zvekutanga kubva kuna amai vake nemudzidzisi wepamba, akabva adzidza ogani uye kuwirirana, akaridza viola mudenderedzwa rekuimba remunharaunda, ndokutanga kunyora muchivande. Paakanga ava nemakore gumi nematanhatu, baba vake vakabvuma kuita zvikumbiro uye vakaenda nemwanakomana wavo kuParis. Pano Flotov akadzidza nevadzidzisi vakanakisisa - virtuoso pianist JP Piksis uye purofesa weConservatory, munyori A. Reicha (Berlioz aiva mudzidzi wake panguva imwe chete).

Chimurenga chaJuly 1830 chakamanikidza Flotov kuti abve muParis, kwaakadzoka muna Chivabvu wegore rakatevera ndokuva shamwari dzepedyo naMeyerbeer, Offenbach, Rossini, uye vanyori veFrench comic operas. Flotov akanyora maopera ake ekutanga emitambo yeamateur mumasaroni epamusoro. Izvi zvinoita kuti zita rake rive nemukurumbira muParis, uye pakupedzisira, muna 1835, iyo yekutanga ye opera yake "Peter naKaterina" inoitika padanho rehunyanzvi - paSchwerin Court Theatre. Anowana Fleets uye zvigadzirwa mune diki Parisian theatre, yaanogadzira maopera ekubatana nevaimbi veFrance. Kubudirira kwekutanga kwakaunzwa neThe Shipwreck yeMedusa (1839), mushure mokunge Flotov akapinda mumatanho makuru eguta guru reFrance - Grand Opera uye Opéra-Comique. Kuzivikanwa muGermany kwakauya naAlessandro Stradella, opera kuGerman libretto yakaitirwa muHamburg (1844) uye nekukurumidza mune mamwe maguta eEurope. Zvisinei, kubudirira uku kwakaputirwa makore matatu gare gare naMarta, kubudirira kwepamusoro kwaFlotov, kwaasina kuzokwanisa kumuka zvakare mumakore ose akatevera e35 ebasa rake.

Muna 1855, Flotov akakokwa kune chinzvimbo chemutungamiriri weDare reTheatre uye mukuru wemimhanzi yedare muSchwerin, akazvipira nesimba rakawanda pakurongazve orchestra, asi akakundwa mu "hondo yake yemakore manomwe" nemanomano uye. akadzokera kuParis muna 1863. Makore mashanu gare gare, akagara panzvimbo yake pachake muLower Austria uye akazviwana amene akabatana zvikuru neVienna, guta raainyanya kudiwa. Mabhaisikopo eViennese anoda zvakawanda uye zvinogadzirwa, uye Flotov ari kugadzirisa zvakare maopera ake ekare echiFrench achibatsirana nemuGerman anosunungura. Nekudaro, imwe neimwe inotevera opera inoshanduka kuve isina kusimba pane yapfuura, zvekuti chete mumvuri wasara wemunyori we "Marta" ("Mvuri" uye "Mumvuri Wake" ndiwo mazita echiFrench neGerman eimwe yeanonoka operas yaFlotov. ) Muimbi akapedza makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake pane imwe nzvimbo iri pedyo neDarmstadt, uye muna Kubvumbi 1882 akaenda kuVienna, kwaakakokwa semuenzi anoremekedzwa kumutambo wechi500 waMarita paCourt Theatre. Aya ndiwo mapemberero aakaita zuva rekuzvarwa kwake makumi manomwe.

Flotov akafa musi waJanuary 24, 1883 muDarmstadt.

A. Koenigsberg