Alexander Alexandrovich Davidenko |
Alexander Davidenko
Muunyanzvi hwa Davidenko hamuna zvakanyorwa zvakatsvinda, sekusina mifananidzo yemunhu mumwe nemumwe uye mavara, kana kuburitswa kwezvakadzama, zviitiko zvepedyo; Chinhu chikuru chiri mairi ndechimwe chinhu - mufananidzo wevazhinji, chishuvo chavo, kukwira, kusimudzira ... D. Shostakovich
Mumakore 20-30. Pakati pevanyori veSoviet, A. Davidenko, muparidzi asinganeti wenziyo dzakawanda, muimbi wekwaya ane tarenda, uye munhu akakurumbira muruzhinji, akatanhamara. Aive muimbi werudzi rutsva, kumushandira hunyanzvi kwakabatana zvisingaite nebasa rekudzidzisa rinoshanda uye risinganeti pakati pevashandi, varimi vakaungana, Red Army neRed Navy varume. Kurukurirano navazhinji yakanga iri chinodikanwa chinokosha uye mugariro uri madikanwa nokuda kwokuvapo kwake senyanzvi. Murume asina kujairika akajeka uye panguva imwechete yakashata, Davidnko akararama hupenyu hupfupi, asina nguva yekuziva zvirongwa zvake zvese. Akaberekerwa mumhuri yemushandi weteregirafu, pazera remakore masere akaramba ari nherera (gare gare akabatwa nemafungiro ekuti aizogoverana mugumo wevabereki vake vakafa vaduku), kubva pazera remakore gumi nemashanu akatanga. hupenyu hwakazvimirira, kuwana zvidzidzo. Muna 15, iye, mumashoko ake, “akapa tsinhiro” kubva kuchikoro chebhaibheri, kwaakatumirwa nababa vake vokurera uye kwaakanga ari munyoro zvikuru muzvidzidzo zvinokosha, achitakurwa bedzi nezvidzidzo zvemimhanzi.
Muna 1917-19. Davidenko akadzidza paOdessa Conservatory, muna 1919-21 akashanda muRed Army, akazoshanda akarongeka muchitima. Chiitiko chinokosha muupenyu hwake chaiva kubvumirwa kwake muna 1922 kuMoscow Conservatory mukirasi yaR. Gliere uye kuChoir Academy, kwaakadzidza naA. Kastalsky. Nzira yekugadzira yaDavidnko yakanga isina kuenzana. Rudo rwake rwekutanga, zvidimbu zvekwaya uye piano zvinoratidzwa nekumwe kusuruvara kwemweya. Iwo ari autobiographical uye pasina mubvunzo akabatana nezviitiko zvakaoma zvehudiki nekuyaruka. Chinjo yakaitika muchirimo cha1925, apo makwikwi akaziviswa panzvimbo inochengeterwa mhuka nokuda kwakanakisisa “mumhanzi wekuchinja kuumbwa” wakatsaurirwa kundangariro yaVI Lenin. Vanenge 10 vanyori vechidiki vakatora chikamu mumakwikwi, avo vakabva vaumba musimboti we "Production team yevadzidzi vanyori veMoscow Conservatory" (Prokoll), yakagadzirwa pamutambo waDavidnko. Prokoll haina kugara kwenguva refu (1925-29), asi yakaita basa rinokosha mukugadzirwa kwekugadzira kwevanyori vechidiki, kusanganisira A. Khachaturian, D. Kabalevsky, M. Koval, I. Dzerzhinsky, V. Bely. Nheyo huru yeboka raive chido chekugadzira mabasa pamusoro pehupenyu hwevanhu veSoviet. Panguva imwe cheteyo, ngwariro huru yakabhadharwa kurwiyo rwakawanda. Panguva iyoyo, izwi iri, pamwe chete nepfungwa ye "kuimba kwevanhu vazhinji", zvaireva kuita kwepolyphonic choral.
Munziyo dzake, Davidenko nehunyanzvi akashandisa mifananidzo uye matekiniki emimhanzi yenziyo dzevanhu, pamwe nemisimboti yekunyora polyphonic. Izvi zvakanga zvatoonekwa munziyo dzekutanga dzekwaya dzemunyori Budyonny's Cavalry (Art. N. Aseev), Gungwa Rakachema Nehasha (Folk Art), uye Barge Haulers (Art. N. Nekrasov). Muna 1926, Davidenko akaita pfungwa yake ye "democratization ye sonata uye fugue mafomu" mune kwaya sonata "Working May", uye muna 1927 akagadzira basa rakatanhamara "The Street is Worried", iro raive chikamu chebasa rakabatanidzwa reProcall - iyo oratorio "Nzira yaGumiguru". Uyu ndiwo mufananidzo unoyevedza wekuratidzira kwevashandi nemasoja muna Kukadzi 1917. Chimiro chefugue pano chakanyatsoenderana nekugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi, chakagadzirirwa kuratidza zvinhu zvakarongeka zvevazhinji-voiced revolutionary street.
Mimhanzi yese yakazadzwa neruvara rwechivanhu - nziyo dzevashandi, dzemasoja, ditties flash, kutsivana, kubatanidza nedingindira guru, kurigadzira.
Yechipiri yepamusoro yebasa raDavidnko yaiva kwaya "Pachikamu chegumi", yakatsaurirwa kune avo vakaurayiwa nemhirizhonga ye1905. Yakanga yakagadzirirwawo kune oratorio "Nzira yaOctober". Aya mabasa maviri anopedzisa mabasa aDavidnko semurongi weProcall.
Mune ramangwana, Davidenko anonyanya kuita zvemimhanzi uye basa rekudzidzisa. Anofamba-famba nenyika uye anoronga mapoka ekwaya kwose kwose, achivanyorera nziyo, anounganidza zvinhu zvemabasa ake. Mugumisiro webasa iri waiva "First Cavalry, Rwiyo pamusoro pevanhu Commissar, Rwiyo pamusoro peStepan Razin", urongwa hwenziyo dzevasungwa vezvematongerwo enyika. Nziyo "Vaida kutirova, vaida kutirova" (Art. D. Poor) uye "Vintovochka" (Art. N. Aseev) ainyanya kufarirwa. Muna 1930, Davidnko akatanga kushanda paOpera "1919", asi basa iri rose rakazova risina kubudirira. Chete chiitiko chekwaya "Rise of wagon" chaisiyaniswa neyakashinga hunyanzvi hwekuita.
Makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwake Davidenko akashanda nehasha. Kudzoka kubva parwendo kuenda kunharaunda yeChechen, anogadzira iyo yakanakisa "Chechen Suite" yekappella choir, inoshanda paizwi rakakura uye symphonic basa "Red Square", inotora chikamu chinoshingaira mumimhanzi uye basa rekudzidzisa. Rufu rwakanga rwakavandira Davidenko panzvimbo yehondo. Akafa musi waMay 1 mushure mekuratidzira kwaMay Day muna 1934. Rwiyo rwake rwokupedzisira "May Day Sun" (art. A. Zharova) akapiwa mubayiro pamakwikwi ePeople's Commissariat of Education. Kuvigwa kwaDavidnko kwakashanduka kuita kusajairika kumutambo wakadai wekonzati yerwiyo rwevanhu vakawanda - kwaya ine simba yevadzidzi vezvekuchengeta uye mitambo yemamateur yakaita nziyo dzakanakisa dzemuimbi, nekudaro vachipa mutero kundangariro dzemuimbi anoshamisa - anofarira weSoviet mass. rwiyo.
O. Kuznetsova
