Amilcare Ponchielli |

Amilcare Ponchielli

Ponchielli. "La Gioconda". Suicidio (M. Callas)

Zita raPonchielli rakachengetedzwa munhoroondo yemimhanzi, nekuda kweimwe opera - La Gioconda - uye vadzidzi vaviri, Puccini naMascagni, kunyangwe muhupenyu hwake hwese aiziva zvinopfuura chimwe budiriro.

Amilcare Ponchielli akaberekwa musi wa 31 Nyamavhuvhu 1834 muPaderno Fasolaro padhuze neCremona, musha watova nezita rake. Baba vacho, muridzi wechitoro, vaiva oganisi yemusha uye vakava mudzidzisi wokutanga wemwanakomana wavo. Pazera remakore mapfumbamwe, mukomana wacho akagamuchirwa kuMilan Conservatory. Pano Ponchielli akadzidza piyano, dzidziso uye kuumbwa kwemakore gumi nerimwe (pamwe Alberto Mazzucato). Pamwe chete nevamwe vadzidzi vatatu, akanyora operetta (1851). Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva kuConservatory, akatora chero basa - organist muchechi yeSant'Hilario muCremona, mutungamiriri weboka reNational Guard muPiacenza. Zvisinei, aigara achirota basa semunyori weopera. Opera yekutanga yaPonchielli, The Betrothed, yakavakirwa panganonyorwa ine mukurumbira nemunyori mukuru weItaly wezana ramakore re1872, Alessandro Manzoni, yakaitirwa munharaunda yake yeCremona apo munyori wayo akange asati ayambuka chikumbaridzo chemakore makumi maviri. Mumakore manomwe akatevera, mamwe maopera maviri akatanga, asi kubudirira kwekutanga kwakauya chete muna 1874, paine chinyorwa chitsva cheThe Betrothed. Muna XNUMX, maLithuanians akavakirwa padetembo rinonzi Konrad Wallenrod naAdam Mickiewicz wekuPoland vakaona chiedza chezuva, gore rakatevera racho Cantata Donizetti's Offering yakaitwa, uye gore rakatevera Gioconda yakaonekwa, ichiunza munyori kukunda chaiko.

Ponchielli akapindura parufu rwevaaishanda navo zvikuru nenziyo dze orchestra: saVerdi muRequiem, akakudza ndangariro yaManzoni ("Funeral Elegy" uye "Funeral"), gare gare Garibaldi ("Triumphal Hymn"). Muma1880, Ponchielli akawana kuzivikanwa kwakakura. Muna 1880, akabata chinzvimbo chepurofesa wezvakagadzirwa paMilan Conservatory, gore rakatevera, chinzvimbo chebhendi yeCathedral yeSanta Maria Maggiore muBergamo, uye muna 1884 akagamuchira kukokwa kuSt. Pano achagamuchira kugamuchirwa kwechido maererano nezvigadzirwa zve "Gioconda" uye "Lithuanians" (pasi pezita rokuti "Aldona"). Mune opera yekupedzisira, Marion Delorme (1885), Ponchielli zvakare, saLa Gioconda, akatendeukira kumutambo waVictor Hugo, asi kubudirira kwekare hakuna kudzokororwa.

Ponchielli akafa muna Ndira 16, 1886 muMilan.

A. Koenigsberg

Zvinyorwa:

opareta - Savoyarka (La savoiarda, 1861, tr "Concordia", Cremona; 2nd ed. - Lina, 1877, tr "Dal Verme", Milan), Roderich, mambo agadzirira (Roderico, re dei Goti, 1863 , tr "Comunale ", Piacenza), maLithuanians (I lituani, zvichibva padetembo "Konrad Wallenrod" naMickiewicz, 1874, tr "La Scala", Milan; new ed. - Aldona, 1884, Mariinsky tr, Petersburg), Gioconda (1876, La Scala shopping mall, Milan), Valencian Moors (I mori di Valenza, 1879, yakapedzwa naA. Cadore, 1914, Monte Carlo), Prodigal Son (Il figliuol prodigo, 1880, t -r “La Scala”, Milan), Marion Delorme (1885, ibid.); ballet – Mapatya (Le due gemelle, 1873, La Scala shopping mall, Milan), Clarina (1873, Dal Verme shopping mall, Milan); cantata — K Gaetano Donizetti (1875); yeorchestra - Chivabvu 29 (29 Maggio, kufora kwemariro mukurangarira A. Manzoni, 1873), Hymn kundangariro yaGaribaldi (Sulla tomba di Garibaldi, 1882), nezvimwewo .; nziyo dzemweya, zverudo, etc.