Ziyadullah Mukadasovich Shahidi (Ziyadullah Shahidi) |

Ziyadullah Shahidi

Z. Shakhidi mumwe wevatangi vemazuva ano unyanzvi hwemimhanzi muTajikistan. Nziyo dzake dzakawanda, dzerudo, maopera uye symphonic mabasa zvakapinda muhomwe yegoridhe yemimhanzi yemhando dzerepublic dzeSoviet East.

Akazvarwa muSamarkand isati yachinja, imwe yenzvimbo huru dzetsika dzeAkare East, uye akakurira mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, Shakhidi aigara achitsvaga kusimudzira kugadzwa kwegwara idzva rine chinangwa muhunyanzvi hwenguva yemashure erevolutionary, hunyanzvi hwemimhanzi. izvo zvanga zvisati zvave hunhu hwekuMabvazuva, pamwe nemhando dzemazuva ano dzakaonekwa semugumisiro wekusangana neEuropean mimhanzi tsika.

Kufanana nevamwe vaimbi vaipayona vanoverengeka muSoviet East, Shakhidi akatanga nekuziva zvekutanga zvechinyakare art yenyika, akadzidza hunyanzvi hwekuumba hunyanzvi padhipatimendi renyika paMoscow Conservatory, uyezve padhipatimendi rayo renyika mukirasi yekuumbwa kweV. Feret. (1952-57). Mimhanzi yake, kunyanya nziyo (dzinopfuura mazana matatu), inova yakakurumbira uye inodiwa nevanhu. Nziyo dzakawanda dzeShakhidi ("Zororo rekukunda, Imba yedu haisi kure, Rudo") inoimbwa kwese kwese muTajikistan, inodiwa mune mamwe marepublic, uye kunze kwenyika - muIran, Afghanistan. Chipo chakapfuma chenziyo chemunyori chakazviratidzawo mubasa rake rerudo. Pakati pemasamples e300 emhando yemazwi madiki, Moto weRudo (paKhiloli station), uye Birch (paS. Obradovic station) inomira zvakanyanya.

Shakhidi muumbi wezvinofadza zvekusika destiny. Chipo chake chakajeka cheunyanzvi chakaratidzwa zvakaenzana muzvikamu zviviri dzimwe nguva zvakakamuraniswa zvemimhanzi yemazuva ano - "chiedza" uye "chakakomba". Vashoma vanyori vemazuva ano vakakwanisa kudiwa nevanhu uye panguva imwechete vanogadzira mimhanzi inopenya ye symphonic pahupamhi hwehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi vachishandisa nzira dzemazuva ano ekunyora. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakaita "Symphony yeMaqoms" (1977) yake nekutaura kwemavara asina kugadzikana uye anovhiringidza.

Her orchestral flavour yakavakirwa pane sonor-phonic mhedzisiro. Iyo yakanyorwa kunze aleatoric, masimba ekumanikidza ostinato complexes anofambirana neazvino kugadzira masitayipi. Mapeji akawanda ebasa anodzokorora kuchena kwakasimba kweTajik monody yekare, semutakuri wehutano hwemweya uye hwehutsika, uko mafungiro emimhanzi anogara achidzoka. "Zviri mukati mebasa racho zvine mativi mazhinji, muchimiro chehunyanzvi chinobata pamusoro pemisoro yekusingaperi uye yakakosha yehunyanzvi hwemazuva edu sekurwira pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa, chiedza kurwisa rima, rusununguko rwekurwisa mhirizhonga, kudyidzana kwetsika nemazuva ano, mu mukuru, pakati penyanzvi nenyika,” anonyora kudaro A. Eshpay.

The symphonic genre mubasa remunyori inomiririrwawo neruvara rwakajeka Solemn Poem (1984), iyo inomutsidzira mifananidzo yemafaro emitambo yeTajik, uye mabasa emwero, yedzidzo maitiro: mashanu symphonic suites (1956-75); symphonic nhetembo "1917" (1967), "Buzruk" (1976); Nhetembo dzezwi-symphonic "Mundangariro yaMirzo Tursunzade" (1978) uye "Ibn Sina" (1980).

Muimbi akagadzira opera yake yekutanga, Comde et Modan (1960), zvichibva padetembo rezita rimwe chete nerekare remabhuku ekumabvazuva Bedil, panguva yemhando yepamusoro yekusika maruva. Yakave imwe yeakanakisa mabasa eTajik opera scene. Nziyo dzakaimbwa zvikuru "Comde naModan" dzakawana mukurumbira mukuru murepublic, dzakapinda mu classical repertoire yeTajik bel canto masters uye ye-All-Union homwe yemimhanzi yeopera. Mimhanzi yeShakhidi yechipiri opera, "Varanda" (1980), yakagadzirwa kubva pamabasa echinyakare cheTajik Soviet zvinyorwa S. Aini, yakagamuchirwa zvikuru muRepublic.

Nhaka yemimhanzi yaShakhidi inosanganisirawo nziyo dzakakura dzekwaya (oratorio, 5 cantatas kumashoko evadetembi vemazuva ano veTajik), nhamba yekamuri uye mabasa ezviridzwa (kusanganisira String Quartet - 1981), 8 vocal uye choreographic suites, mimhanzi yemitambo yemitambo uye mafirimu. .

Shahidi akapawo masimba ake ekugadzira kuzviitiko zvemagariro uye zvedzidzo, achitaura pamapeji erepublican uye central press, paredhiyo neterevhizheni. Imwe nyanzvi ye "public temperament", aisakwanisa kusava nehanya nematambudziko ehupenyu hwemazuva ano hwemimhanzi ye republic, haana kukwanisa kubatsira asi kuratidza kukanganisa kunotadzisa kukura kwehupenyu hwechidiki chetsika yenyika: "Ndine chokwadi chakadzama kuti. mabasa emuimbi anosanganisira kwete chete kusikwa kwemabasa emimhanzi, asiwo propaganda yemienzaniso yakanakisa yeunyanzvi hwemimhanzi, kutora chikamu mune inoyevedza dzidzo yevanhu vanoshanda. Mimhanzi inodzidziswa sei muzvikoro, ndedzipi nziyo dzinoimbwa nevana pazororo, rudzi rwenziyo dzinofarirwa nevechidiki… uye izvi zvinofanirwa kunetsa munyori.

E. Orlova