Van Cliburn |

Kubva kuCliburn

Harvey Levan Cliburn (Clyburn) akaberekwa muna 1934 mutaundi diki reShreveport, kumaodzanyemba kweUnited States muLouisiana. Baba vake vaiva injiniya wepetroleum, saka mhuri yaigara ichitama kubva panzvimbo nenzvimbo. Uduku hwaHarvey Levan hwakapfuura kumaodzanyemba kwenyika, muTexas, uko mhuri yakatamira nguva pfupi mushure mokuberekwa kwake.

Atova nemakore mana, mukomana, ane zita rakapfupikiswa raiva Van, akatanga kuratidza mano ake mumhanzi. Chipo chakasarudzika chemukomana chakakweverwa naamai vake, Rildia Cliburn. Akanga ari muimbi wepiyano, mudzidzi waArthur Friedheim, mutambi wepiyano wokuGermany, mudzidzisi, uyo akanga ari F. Liszt. Zvisinei, mushure mekuroorana kwake, haana kuita uye akazvipira hupenyu hwake kudzidzisa mimhanzi.

Mushure megore chete, akanga atoziva kuverenga zvakanaka kubva papepa uye kubva kune repertoire yevadzidzi (Czerny, Clementi, St. Geller, nezvimwewo) akaenderera mberi nekudzidza kwekirasi. Panguva iyoyo chete, chiitiko chakaitika chakasiya chiratidzo chisingadzimiki mundangariro dzake: mutaundi rekumusha kwaCliburn reShreveport, mukuru Rachmaninoff akapa imwe yemakonzati ake ekupedzisira muhupenyu hwake. Kubva ipapo, ave nekusingaperi ave chifananidzo chemuimbi wechidiki.

Mamwe makore mashoma akapfuura, uye mutambi wepiyano ane mukurumbira José Iturbi akanzwa mukomana wacho achiridza. Akabvumira nzira yaamai vake yekudzidzisa uye akamurayira kuti asachinja vadzidzisi kwenguva refu.

Zvichakadaro, mudiki Cliburn aive achifambira mberi zvakanyanya. Muna 1947, akahwina makwikwi epiyano muTexas uye akahwina kodzero yekutamba neHouston Orchestra.

Kune wechidiki piano, kubudirira uku kwakakosha zvikuru, nokuti chete pachikuva akakwanisa kuzviona semuimbi chaiye kwekutanga. Zvisinei, jaya akakundikana pakarepo kuenderera mberi dzidzo yake yemimhanzi. Akadzidza zvikuru uye nokushingaira zvokuti akanetesa utano hwake, naizvozvo zvidzidzo zvake zvakatozomira kwenguva yakati.

Kwapera gore chete, vanachiremba vakabvumira Cliburn kuti aenderere mberi nezvidzidzo zvake, uye akaenda kuNew York kuti apinde muJuilliard School of Music. Sarudzo yechikoro ichi chedzidzo yakave yakanyatso ziva. Muvambi wechikoro ichi, muzvinaindastandi wokuAmerica A. Juilliard, akatanga mabhezari akati wandei akapiwa kuvadzidzi vane matarenda akawanda.

Cliburn akapasa zvine hungwaru bvunzo dzekupinda uye akagamuchirwa mukirasi inotungamirwa neanoridza piyano ane mukurumbira Rosina Levina, akapedza kudzidza kuMoscow Conservatory, yaakapedza panguva imwe chete naRachmaninov.

Levina haana kungovandudza maitiro aCliburn chete, asi akawedzerawo repertoire yake. Wang akakura kuita muimbi wepiyano uyo akakunda pakubata zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana sematangiro aBach nemafugues uye piano yaProkofiev sonatas.

Nekudaro, kana kugona kwakatanhamara, kana diploma rekirasi yekutanga yakagamuchirwa pakupera kwechikoro, asi yakavimbisa basa rakanaka. Cliburn akanzwa izvi achangobva kuchikoro. Kuti awane nzvimbo yakasimba mumitambo yemimhanzi, anotanga kuita zvakarongeka pamakwikwi akasiyana-siyana emimhanzi.

Wainyanya kuzivikanwa waiva mubairo waakahwina pamakwikwi anomiririra zvikuru ainzi E. Leventritt muna 1954. Makwikwi ndiwo akaita kuti nzanga yemimhanzi iwedzere kufarira. Chokutanga pane zvose, izvi zvakakonzerwa nevatongi vane chiremera uye vakasimba.

"Mukati mevhiki," mutsoropodzi Chaysins akanyora mushure memakwikwi, "takanzwa matarenda akajeka uye dudziro dzakawanda dzakatanhamara, asi Wang paakapedza kutamba, hapana aive nekusava nechokwadi nezvezita remukundi."

Mushure mekuita kwakanakisa mumutambo wekupedzisira wemakwikwi, Cliburn akagamuchira kodzero yekupa konzati muhoro huru yemakonzati muAmerica - Carnegie Hall. Koniti yake yakabudirira zvikuru uye yakaita kuti mutambi wepiyano awane zvibvumirano zvakawanda. Zvisinei, kwemakore matatu, Wang akaedza pasina kuwana chibvumirano chechigarire chekuita. Pamusoro pazvo, amai vake vakangoerekana varwara zvakaipisisa, uye Cliburn aifanira kumutsiva, achiva mudzidzisi wechikoro chemimhanzi.

Gore ra1957 rasvika. Semazuva ese, Wang aive nemari shoma uye tariro zhinji. Hapana kambani yemakonzati yakamupa mamwe makondirakiti. Zvaiita sokuti basa romuimbi akanga apera. Zvese zvakachinja runhare rwaLevina. Akaudza Cliburn kuti zvakasarudzwa kuita makwikwi epasi rose evaimbi muMoscow, uye akati aifanira kuenda ikoko. Mukuwedzera, akapa mabasa ake mukugadzirira kwayo. Kuti awane mari yaidiwa parwendo, Levina akatendeukira kuRockefeller Foundation, iyo yakapa Cliburn nechikoro chezita kuti aende kuMoscow.

Ichokwadi, muridzi wepiyano pachake anotaura nezvezviitiko izvi nenzira yakasiyana: "Ndakatanga kunzwa nezveTchaikovsky Competition kubva kuna Alexander Greiner, Steinway impresario. Akagamuchira bhurocha rine mitemo yemakwikwi ndokundinyorera tsamba kuTexas, uko mhuri yangu yaigara. Ipapo akadana ndokuti: “Unofanira kuzviita!” Ndakabva ndatorwa mwoyo nepfungwa yokuenda kuMoscow, nokuti ndaida chaizvo kuona Chechi yeSt. Basil. Zvave zviri zviroto zvangu zveupenyu hwose kubvira ndiine makore matanhatu apo vabereki vangu vakandipa bhuku remifananidzo renhoroondo yevana. Paive nemifananidzo miviri yakandipa mufaro mukuru: mumwe - Chechi yeSt. Basil, uye mumwe - Paramende yeLondon naBig Ben. Ndaida chaizvo kuvaona nemaziso angu zvokuti ndakabvunza vabereki vangu kuti: “Muchandiendesa ikoko here?” Ivo, vasingakoshesi nhaurirano dzevana, vakabvuma. Saka, ndakatanga kukwira ndege kuPrague, uye kubva kuPrague kuenda kuMoscow nendege yeSoviet Tu-104. Takanga tisina ndege dzinotakura vanhu muUnited States panguva iyoyo, saka rwaingova rwendo runofadza. Takasvika kwadoka, dzava kuma ten. Ivhu rakanga rakafukidzwa nechando uye zvinhu zvose zvairatidza rudo zvikuru. Zvese zvandairota. Ndakamhoreswa nemumwe mukadzi aive akanaka chaizvo wekuMinistry of Culture. Ndakabvunza kuti: “Hazvibviri here kupfuura St. Basil the Blessed pakuenda kuhotera?” Akapindura kuti: “Chokwadi unogona!” Mukutaura, takaenda ikoko. Uye pandakazosvika paRed Square, ndakanzwa kuti mwoyo wangu wakanga woda kumira kubva pakufara. Chinangwa chikuru cherwendo rwangu chakatozadzikiswa ... "

Makwikwi eTchaikovsky aive shanduko muCliburn's biography. Upenyu hwose hwomuiti uyu hwakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: yekutanga, yakashandiswa murima, uye yechipiri - nguva yekurumbira kwenyika, iyo yakaunzwa kwaari neSoviet capital.

Cliburn akange atove budiriro mumatanho ekutanga emakwikwi. Asi chete mushure mekuita kwake naTchaikovsky naRachmaninov makonzati mumutambo wechitatu, zvakava pachena kuti tarenda guru rinorara sei mumuimbi wechidiki.

Chisarudzo chevatongi chakabvumirana. Van Cliburn akapiwa nzvimbo yekutanga. Pamusangano mukuru, D. Shostakovich akapa menduru nemibairo kuvahwina.

Vakuru vakuru veSoviet nevekunze art vakaonekwa mazuva ano mupepanhau nekudzokorora kwakashata kubva kuAmerican pianist.

"Van Clyburn, mutambi wepiyano weAmerica ane makore makumi maviri nematatu, akazviratidza kuva muimbi mukuru, muimbi wezvipo zvisingawanzoitiki uye mikana isingagumi," akanyora kudaro E. Gilels. “Uyu muimbi ane chipo chakatanhamara, ane hunyanzvi hwake hunokwezva nemukati memukati, rusununguko rwehunyanzvi, musanganiswa unopindirana wehunhu hwese huri muvaimbi vakuru vepiyano,” akadaro P. Vladigerov. "Ndinoona Van Clyburn semupiyano ane chipo chakatanhamara ... Kukunda kwake mumakwikwi akaoma kudai kunogona kunzi akangwara," akadaro S. Richter.

Uye izvi ndizvo zvakanyorwa nemuidzi wepiyano uye mudzidzisi anoshamisa GG Neuhaus: “Saka, naivety inotanga kukunda mwoyo yemamiriyoni evateereri vaVan Cliburn. Kwairi inofanira kuwedzerwa zvinhu zvose zvinogona kuonekwa neziso rakashama, kana kuti, zvinonzwika nenzeve yakashama mukutamba kwake: kutaura, hukama, hunyanzvi hwepiyano huru, simba rekupedzisira, pamwe nekupfava uye kutendeseka kwenzwi. kukwanisa kuberekwa patsva, zvisinei, haasati asvika pakugumira (zvichida nekuda kwehuduku hwake), kufema kukuru, "pedyo-up". Kugadzira mimhanzi yake hakumubvumidzi zvachose (kusiyana nevazhinji vechidiki vanoridza piyano) kutora tempos yakanyanyisa kukurumidza, "kutyaira" chidimbu. Kujeka uye mapurasitiki emutsara, iyo yakanakisa polyphony, pfungwa yezvese - munhu haagone kuverenga zvese zvinofadza mukutamba kwaCliburn. Zvinoratidzika kwandiri (uye ndinofunga kuti iyi haisi manzwiro angu ega ega) kuti iye muteveri chaiye akajeka waRachmaninov, uyo kubva pauduku akawana runako rwose uye simba redhimoni rekutamba kwepiyano mukuru wekuRussia.

Kukunda kweCliburn muMoscow, pakutanga munhoroondo yeMakwikwi eMarudzi. Tchaikovsky sebhanan'ana yakarova vadi vemimhanzi yeAmerica uye nyanzvi, avo vaigona kungonyunyuta pamusoro pekusanzwa kwavo uye upofu. “VaRussia havana kuwana Van Cliburn,” Chisins akanyora mumagazini inonzi The Reporter. "Vaingogamuchira nechido izvo isu serudzi tinotarisa tisina hanya, zvinoyemurwa nevanhu vavo, asi vedu vanofuratira."

Hongu, hunyanzvi hwemupiyano wechidiki wekuAmerica, mudzidzi wechikoro chepiyano chekuRussia, akave pedyo zvisingaite, achienderana nemoyo yevateereri veSoviet nekutendeka kwayo uye nekuzvimiririra, hupamhi hwechirevo, simba uye kupenya kunopinda mukati, ruzha runyoro. Cliburn akazova mudiwa weMuscovites, uyezve nevateereri mune mamwe maguta enyika. Maungira ekukunda kwake kwemakwikwi mukubwaira kweziso akapararira pasi rose, akasvika kunyika yake. Mumaawa mashomanana, akava nemukurumbira. Muridzi wepiyano paakadzokera kuNew York, akakwaziswa segamba renyika…

Makore akatevera akave kuna Van Cliburn mutsara wekuenderera mberi kwemitambo yekonzati pasi rose, kukunda kusingaperi, asi panguva imwe chete nguva yemiedzo yakaoma. Sezvakataurwa nemumwe mutsoropodzi kare muna 1965, "Van Cliburn anotarisana nebasa rinenge risingaite rekufambirana nemukurumbira wake." Kurwisana uku pachako hakuna kubudirira nguva dzose. Mamiriro enzendo dzake dzekonzati akawedzera, uye Cliburn aigara mukushushikana. Pane imwe nguva akapa makonzati anopfuura 150 mugore!

Muridzi wepiyano wechidiki aivimba nemamiriro ekonzati uye aifanira kugara achisimbisa kodzero yake kune mukurumbira waakanga awana. Maitiro ake ekuita aive mashoma. Chaizvoizvo, akava muranda kumbiri yake. Manzwiro maviri akanetsa mumuimbi: kutya kurasikirwa nenzvimbo yake munyika yemakonti uye chido chekuvandudza, chinosanganiswa nekudiwa kwezvidzidzo zvega.

Achinzwa zviratidzo zvekudzikira kwehunyanzvi hwake, Cliburn anopedzisa kuita kwake konzati. Anodzoka naamai vake kunogara zvachose mumusha wake weTexas. Guta reFort Worth rinobva raita mukurumbira weVan Cliburn Music Competition.

Muna December 1987 chete, Cliburn akapazve konzati mukati meshanyo yeMutungamiriri weSoviet M. Gorbachev kuAmerica. Ipapo Cliburn akaita imwe rwendo muUSSR, kwaakaita nemakonzati akawanda.

Panguva iyoyo, Yampolskaya akanyora nezvake kuti: “Kuwedzera pakubatanidzwa kunokosha mukugadzirira makwikwi uye kurongeka kwemakonzati akatumidzwa zita rake muFort Worth nemamwe maguta eTexas, achibatsira dhipatimendi remimhanzi reChristian University, anozvipira zvikuru. yenguva yekuda kwake kukuru kwemimhanzi - opera: anonyatsoidzidza uye anosimudzira kuita kweopera muUnited States.

Clyburn anoshingaira mukunyora mimhanzi. Iye zvino aya haasisiri emitambo isingaremekedzi, se "Chiyeuchidzo Chinosuruvarisa": anotendeukira kumhando huru, anovandudza maitiro ake ega. Piyano sonata uye zvimwe zvinoimbwa zvakapedzwa, izvo Clyburn, zvisinei, haakurumidze kuburitsa.

Zuva nezuva anoverenga zvakawanda: pakati pemabhuku ake akapindwa muropa ndiLeo Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, nhetembo nevanyori veSoviet neAmerica, mabhuku enhoroondo, uzivi.

Mhedzisiro yenguva refu yekugadzira yekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe haina kujeka.

Kunze, hupenyu hwaClyburn hauna mutambo. Iko hakuna zvipingamupinyi, hapana kukunda, asi hapana zvakare akasiyana maratidziro anodiwa kune muimbi. Kufamba kwezuva nezuva kwehupenyu hwake kwakamanikana. Pakati pake nevanhu vanomira bhizinesi rakafanana naRodzinsky, uyo anodzora tsamba, kutaurirana, kutaurirana. Shamwari shoma dzinopinda mumba. Clyburn haana mhuri, vana, uye hapana chinogona kuvatsiva. Kuswedera pedyo naye kunobvisa Clyburn yeaimbova mafungiro ake, kusateerera uye, semugumisiro, hazvigone asi kuratidzwa muchiremera chetsika.

Murume ari ega. Kungosurukirwa sezvakaita mutambi we chess ane hunyanzvi Robert Fischer, uyo pakukwirira kwemukurumbira wake akasiya basa rake rakanaka remitambo. Sezviri pachena, pane chimwe chinhu chiri mumhepo chaiyo yehupenyu hweAmerica chinokurudzira vagadziri kuti vaende kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe senzira yekuzvichengetedza.

Pazuva rechimakumi matatu reMakwikwi eFirst Tchaikovsky, Van Cliburn akakwazisa vanhu veSoviet paterevhizheni: “Ndinowanzoyeuka Moscow. Ndinorangarira masabhabhu. Ndinokuda…"

Vashoma vaimbi munhoroondo yemitambo yemitambo vakawana meteoric yakakwira mukurumbira saVan Cliburn. Mabhuku nezvinyorwa, rondedzero nenhetembo zvakanga zvatonyorwa nezvake – paakanga achiri nemakore makumi maviri nemashanu, muimbi achipinda muupenyu – mabhuku nezvinyorwa, rondedzero nenhetembo zvakanga zvatonyorwa, mifananidzo yake yakapendwa nenyanzvi nevavezi vakavezwa, akanga vakafukidzwa nemaruva uye vakatsinzina nekuombera maoko nezviuru zvezviuru zvevateereri - dzimwe nguva kure nemimhanzi. Akave mudiwa wechokwadi munyika mbiri panguva imwe chete - Soviet Union, iyo yakamuzarurira pasirese, uye ipapo - chete ipapo - munyika yake, muUnited States, kubva kwaakabva semumwe wevaimbi vasingazivikanwi uye kwaakabva. akadzoka segamba renyika.

Kushandurwa kwese uku kunoshamisa kwaVan Cliburn - pamwe nekushandurwa kwake kuva Van Cliburn pakuraira kwevanoyemura veRussia - kutsva zvakakwana mundangariro uye zvakanyorwa zvakadzama munhoroondo dzeupenyu hwemimhanzi kuti adzokere kwavari zvakare. Naizvozvo, isu hatingaedzi pano kumutsa mundangariro yevaverengi kufara kusingaenzaniswi kwakakonzera kutaridzika kwekutanga kwaCliburn pachikuva cheGreat Hall yeConservatory, runako rwusingatsananguriki rwaakatamba narwo mumazuva iwayo emakwikwi eFirst Concerto yeTchaikovsky uye. Wechitatu Rachmaninov, manyawi emufaro uyo munhu wese akakwazisa nawo nhau dzekupa kwake mubairo wepamusoro-soro ... Basa redu rine mwero - kurangarira chikamu chikuru chebiography yemuimbi, dzimwe nguva anorasika murukova rwengano uye zvinofadza zvakatenderedza zita rake, uye kuedza kuona kuti ndeipi nzvimbo yaanogara muutungamiri hwepiyano hwemazuva edu, apo anenge makore makumi matatu apfuura kubva mukukunda kwake kwekutanga - nguva inokosha zvikuru.

Chokutanga pane zvose, zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti kutanga kwehupenyu hweCliburn kwakanga kuri kure nekufara sekwevakawanda vevaaishanda navo vekuAmerica. Nepo ivo vanopenya kwazvo vaive vatove nemukurumbira nezera re25, Cliburn haana kuramba ari pa "concert surface".

Akagamuchira zvidzidzo zvake zvepiyano zvekutanga pazera re4 kubva kuna amai vake, uye akazova mudzidzi paJuilliard School mukirasi yaRosina Levina (kubvira 1951). Asi izvi zvisati zvaitika, Wang akahwina mukwikwi weTexas State Piano Competition uye akaita dhipatimendi rake reruzhinji semakore gumi nematatu ekuzvarwa neHouston Symphony Orchestra. Muna 13, akanga atopedza zvidzidzo zvake uye akaremekedzwa kutamba neNew York Philharmonic Orchestra. Ipapo muimbi wechidiki akapa makonti munyika yose kwemakore mana, kunyange pasina kubudirira, asi pasina "kuita manzwiro", uye pasina izvi zvakaoma kuverenga mukurumbira muAmerica. Kukunda pamakwikwi akawanda ekukosha kwenzvimbo, kwaakakunda nyore pakati pe-1954s, haana kumuunza zvakare. Kunyange iyo Leventritt Prize, iyo yaakakunda muna 50, yakanga isiri vimbiso yekufambira mberi panguva iyoyo - yakawana "kurema" chete mumakore gumi akatevera. (Chokwadi, mutsoropodzi anosanozivikanwa I. Kolodin akamudana panguva iyeyo kuti “mutsva ane tarenda zvikurusa pachikuva,” asi ikoku hakuna kuwedzera zvibvumirano kumugadziri.) Mushoko rimwe, Cliburn akanga asiri mutungamiriri muAmerica huru. nhume pamakwikwi eTchaikovsky, uye naizvozvo zvakaitika muMoscow hazvina kungoshamisa chete, asiwo zvakashamisa maAmerica. Izvi zvinopupurirwa nemashoko ari muchinyorwa chazvino uno cheduramazwi rine simba renziyo raSlonimsky: “Akava akakurumbira zvisingatarisirwi nokuhwina Mubayiro weTchaikovsky muMoscow muna 1954, achiva muAmerica wokutanga kuhwina rukundo rwakadaro muRussia, uko akava mudiwa wokutanga; pakudzoka kwake kuNew York akakwaziswa segamba nekuratidzira kukuru.” Kuratidzwa kwemukurumbira uyu kwakakurumidza kuve kugadzwa munyika yemuimbi muguta reFort Worth yeInternational Piano Competition yakatumidzwa zita rake.

Zvakawanda zvakanyorwa pamusoro pekuti nei hunyanzvi hwaCliburn hwakazove hwakaenderana nemoyo yevateereri veSoviet. Akanyatso ratidza zvakanakisa zvehunyanzvi hwake - kutendeseka uye kungoerekana kwaitika, zvakasanganiswa nesimba uye chiyero chemutambo, kupenya kunopinda kwemazwi uye kunyorova kweruzha - mushoko, zvese izvo zvinhu zvinoita kuti hunyanzvi hwake huenderane netsika dze chikoro cheRussia (mumwe wevamiririri vaiva R. Levin). Kuverengwa kwezvakanakira izvi kwaigona kupfuuridzirwa, asi zvingava zvakanyanyonakira kunongedzera muverengi kumabasa akadzama aS. Khentova uye bhuku raA. Chesins naV. Stiles, pamwe chete nezvinyorwa zvakawanda pamusoro pomuimbi wepiyano. Pano zvakakosha kusimbisa chete kuti Cliburn pasina mubvunzo aive neunhu hwose uhwu kunyange pamberi pemakwikwi eMoscow. Uye kana panguva iyoyo asina kugamuchira kuremekedzwa kwakakodzera munyika yake, saka hazvigoneke, sezvinoita vamwe vatori venhau "paruoko runopisa", izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa ne "kusanzwisisa" kana "kusagadzirira" kwevateereri veAmerica. maonero etarenda rakadaro. Kwete, veruzhinji vakanzwa - uye vakatenda - mutambo waRachmaninov, Levin, Horowitz nevamwe vamiriri vechikoro cheRussia, hongu, vaizofarirawo tarenda raCliburn. Asi, chokutanga, sezvatakambotaura, izvi zvaida chimwe chinhu chekunzwa, icho chakaita basa remhando ye catalyst, uye chechipiri, tarenda iyi yakaratidzwa chete muMoscow. Uye mamiriro ekupedzisira angangove anonyanya kugutsa kuramba kwekutaura kunowanzoitwa iye zvino kuti mimhanzi inopenya inotadzisa kubudirira mukuita makwikwi, ayo ekupedzisira anosikirwa chete kune "avhareji" vanoridza piyano. Kusiyana neizvi, yaingova iyo nyaya apo munhu mumwe nomumwe, asingakwanisi kuzviratidza kusvika kumagumo mu "conveyor line" yehupenyu hwemazuva ose emakonti, akabudirira pasi pemamiriro anokosha emakwikwi.

Saka, Cliburn akazova mudiwa wevateereri veSoviet, akakunda kuzivikanwa kwenyika semukundi wemakwikwi muMoscow. Panguva imwecheteyo, mukurumbira wakawana nekukurumidza kwakagadzira mamwe matambudziko: pakatarisana nemamiriro ayo, munhu wese ane hanya uye kubatwa akateedzera kuenderera mberi kwemugadziri, uyo, semumwe wevatsoropodzi aireva nenzira yekufananidzira, aifanira "kudzingirira mumvuri we kukudzwa kwake” nguva dzose. Uye iyo, kusimudzira uku, kwakazove kusiri nyore, uye zviri kure nekugara zvinogoneka kuzvidoma nemutsara wakatwasuka unokwira. Paivawo nenguva dzekugadzira kumira, uye kunyange kudzoka kubva kune akakunda zvinzvimbo, uye kwete nguva dzose kubudirira kuedza kuwedzera basa rake reunyanzvi (muna 1964, Cliburn akaedza kuita sekondakita); paivewo nekutsvaga kwakakomba uye budiriro isina kupokana yakabvumira Van Cliburn kuti pakupedzisira awane nhanho pakati pevanotungamira piyano pasi rose.

Kuchinja kwese uku kwebasa rake remimhanzi kwakateverwa nekunakidzwa kwakakosha, tsitsi uye kufanofungidzira nevadi vemimhanzi yeSoviet, vachigara vachitarisira misangano mitsva nemuimbi, zvinyorwa zvake zvitsva nekusashivirira uye mufaro. Cliburn akadzokera kuUSSR kakawanda - muna 1960, 1962, 1965, 1972. Imwe neimwe yekushanyira iyi yakaunza vateereri mufaro chaiwo wekutaurirana netarenda guru, risina kupera rakachengetedza maitiro ayo akanaka. Cliburn akaenderera mberi nekukwezva vateereri nekutaura kunonakidza, kupinza kwerwiyo, mweya wakasarudzika wemutambo, zvino wasanganiswa nekukura kukuru kwekuita sarudzo uye kuvimba kwehunyanzvi.

Hunhu uhwu hwaizove hwakakwana kuti uve nechokwadi chekubudirira kwakanyanya kune chero piano. Asi vanocherekedza havana kunzvenga zviratidzo zvinoshungurudza - kurasikirwa kusingarambiki kwekutsva kweCliburnian, iko kukurumidza kwemutambo, panguva imwechete isina kubhadharwa (sezvinoitika muzviitiko zvisingawanzo) nehukuru hwekuita pfungwa, kana kuti, nekudzika uye kwekutanga kwehunhu hwemunhu, izvo vateereri vane kodzero yekutarisira kubva kumuiti akura. Nokudaro manzwiro ekuti muimbi ari kudzokorora pachake, "kuridza Cliburn," semuongorori wemimhanzi uye mutsoropodzi D. Rabinovich akacherechedza munyaya yake yakanyanyisa uye inodzidzisa "Van Cliburn - Van Cliburn".

Izvi zviratidzo zvakafanana zvakanzwika mune zvakawanda zvezvakarekodhwa, kazhinji zvakanakisa, zvakagadzirwa naCliburn nekufamba kwemakore. Pakati pezvakarekodhwa zvakadai pane Beethoven's Third Concerto and Sonatas (“Pathetique”, “Moonlight”, “Appassionata” nemamwe), Liszt’s Second Concerto uye Rachmaninoff’s Rhapsody paDingindira rePaganini, Grieg’s Concerto uye Debussy’s So Pieces, Chechipiri’s Concerto, Chopin’s First and Chopin. Concerto uye solo zvidimbu naBrahms, sonatas naBarber naProkofiev, uye pakupedzisira, dhisiki rinonzi Van Cliburn's Encores. Zvingaita sekuti repertoire repertoire yemuimbi yakafara kwazvo, asi zvinoitika kuti zvizhinji zvezvidudziro izvi "zvinyorwa zvitsva" zvemabasa ake, aakashanda panguva yezvidzidzo zvake.

Kutyisidzirwa kwekusamira kwekugadzira kwakatarisana naVan Cliburn kwakakonzera kushushikana kwepamutemo pakati pevanoyemura. Zvaive pachena kuti zvakanzwikwa nemuiti wacho pachake, uyo mukutanga 70s akaderedza zvakanyanya nhamba yemakonzati ake uye akazvipira kune zvakadzama kuvandudza. Uye tichitarisa nemishumo yeAmerican press, maitiro ake kubva muna 1975 anoratidza kuti muimbi haasati akamira - unyanzvi hwake hwave hukuru, hwakasimba, hwakanyanyisa. Asi muna 1978, Cliburn, asina kugutsikana nechimwe chiitiko, akamisazve basa rake rekonzati, achisiya vateveri vake vakawanda vaodzwa mwoyo uye vavhiringidzika.

Ko Cliburn ane makore makumi mashanu neshanu asvika pakuwirirana here nekugadzwa kwake nguva isati yakwana? - akabvunzwa zvine mutsindo muna 52 munyori wepepanhau reInternational Herald Tribune. - Kana tikafunga kureba kwenzira yekusika yevanoridza piyano vakadai saArthur Rubinstein naVladimir Horowitz (uyo aivewo nekumira kwenguva refu), saka ari pakati pebasa rake. Chii chakaita kuti iye, mutambi wepiyano ane mukurumbira wekuAmerica, apedzisire akakurumidza kudaro? Waneta nemimhanzi? Kana kuti pamwe akasimba bhengi akaundi iri kumunyengerera kwaari? Kana kuti akangoerekana arasikirwa nekufarira mukurumbira uye mukurumbira weveruzhinji? Kushungurudzika neupenyu hunonetesa hweshanyo virtuoso? Kana kuti pane chimwe chikonzero chomunhu oga here? Sezviri pachena, mhinduro iri mumubatanidzwa wezvinhu izvi zvese uye zvimwe zvatisingazivi isu. ”

Muridzi wepiyano pachake anofarira kuramba akanyarara pachibodzwa ichi. Mubvunzurudzo ichangobva kuitika, akabvuma kuti dzimwe nguva anotarisa kuburikidza nenziyo nyowani dzaanotumirwa nevaparidzi, uye anogara achiridza mimhanzi, achichengeta repertoire yake yekare yakagadzirira. Saka, Cliburn haana kunanga akajekesa kuti zuva raizouya raaizodzokera kunhandare.

... Zuva iri rakasvika uye rakava rekufananidzira: muna 1987, Cliburn akaenda kune imwe nhanho muWhite House, ipapo paigara Mutungamiri Reagan, kuti ataure pamabiko mukukudza Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, uyo akanga ari muUnited States. Mutambo wake waive uzere nekurudziro, kunzwa kusinganzwisisike kwekuda nyika yake yechipiri - Russia. Uye konzati iyi yakaisa tariro itsva mumoyo yevanoyemura muimbi wekusangana naye nekukurumidza.

References: Chesins A. Stiles V. Ngano yaVan Clyburn. – M., 1959; Khentova S. Van Clyburn. -M., 1959, 3rd ed., 1966.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990