Theremin: chii ichocho, chiridzwa chinoshanda sei, ndiani akachigadzira, mhando, ruzha, nhoroondo

Theremin inonzi mystical musical instrument. Zvechokwadi, mutambi anomira pamberi pekaumbwa kaduku, anovheyesa maoko ake zvakanaka sen'anga, uye rwiyo rusina kujairika, rwakakweverwa, rwemweya unosvika kune vateereri. Nekunzwika kwayo kwakasiyana, iyo theremin yainzi "chiridzwa chemwedzi", chinowanzoshandiswa kuperekedza mimhanzi yemafirimu ari muchadenga nesainzi manyepo.

Chii chiri ipapo

The theremin haigoni kunzi percussion, tambo kana mhepo chiridzwa. Kuti ubvise manzwi, muiti haadi kubata mudziyo.

Theremin chishandiso chesimba chinoshandura mafambiro eminwe yemunhu achitenderedza antenna yakakosha kuita mafungu eruzha.

Chiridzwa chemimhanzi chinokubvumira kuti:

• ridza nziyo dzechinyakare, jazz, pop genre ega uye sechikamu chekoniti orchestra;
• gadzira zvinonzwika (shiri trills, kufema kwemhepo uye vamwe);
• kugadzira mumhanzi uye ruzha runoperekedza mafirimu, mitambo, mitambo yemasekisi.

Nheyo yekushanda

Nheyo yekushanda kwechiridzwa chemumhanzi yakavakirwa pakunzwisisa kuti kurira kurira kwemhepo, kwakafanana neiyo inoumba munda wemagetsi, zvichiita kuti waya dzemagetsi dziite ruzha. Zvinyorwa zvemukati zvechigadzirwa ipeya yejenareta inogadzira oscillations. Musiyano wefrequency pakati pawo ndeye frequency yeruzha. Kana mutambi achiunza zvigunwe zvake pedyo neantenna, capacitance yemunda wakaipoteredza inoshanduka, zvichiita kuti zvinyorwa zvepamusoro.

Theremin ine antenna maviri:

• furemu, yakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa vhoriyamu (inotakurwa nechanza chekuruboshwe);
• tsvimbo yekushandura kiyi (kurudyi).

Muiti, achiunza zvigunwe zvake pedyo ne-loop antenna, anoita kuti inzwi riwedzere. Kuunza zvigunwe zvako pedyo netsvimbo antenna kunowedzera kukwirira.

Kusiyana kweiyo

Mhando dzinoverengeka dzakasiyana dzeiyomin dzakagadzirwa. Midziyo inogadzirwa munhevedzano uye mumwe nemumwe.

Classic

Yekutanga yakagadziridzwa theremin, basa rayo rinopihwa nekutenderera kwekufamba kwemaoko ese ari maviri mumunda wemagetsi wakatenderedza antennas. Muimbi anoshanda akamira.

Kune akati wandei asingawanzo emhando dzemhando dzakagadzirwa mukutanga kwekupararira kwechiridzwa:

• kopi yemuimbi wekuAmerica Clara Rockmore;
• mutambi Lucy Rosen, anonzi “muapostora weavo varipo”;
• Natalia Lvovna Theremin - mwanasikana musiki mudziyo mumhanzi;
• 2 museum makopi akachengetwa muMoscow Polytechnic uye Central Museum yeMusical Tsika.

Mienzaniso yekare ndiyo yakajairika. Iyo inoshingaira kutengeswa modhi inobva kuAmerican mugadziri Moog, uyo akatanga kutengesa yakasarudzika chishandiso kubvira 1954.

Kowalski systems

Iyo pedal version ye theremin yakagadzirwa nemuimbi Konstantin Ioilevich Kovalsky. Paanenge achiridza chiridzwa chacho, mutambi wacho anodzora kurira nechanza chokurudyi. Ruoko rworuboshwe, nenzira yebhuroko rine mabhatani ekugadzirisa, rinodzora maitiro makuru einzwi rakabviswa. Pedals ndeyekuchinja vhoriyamu. Muimbi anoshanda akagara.

Iyo pedal vhezheni yeKowalski haina kujairika. Asi inoshandiswa nevadzidzi vaKovalsky - Lev Korolev naZoya Dugina-Ranevskaya, avo vakaronga zvidzidzo zveMoscow pane theremin. Mudzidzi waDunina-Ranevskaya, Olga Milanich, ndiye ega muimbi ane hunyanzvi anoridza chiridzwa chepedal.

Inventor Lev Dmitrievich Korolev akaedza kwenguva yakareba pakugadzirwa kweiyo theremin. Nekuda kweizvozvo, tershumfon yakagadzirwa - musiyano wechiridzwa, wakagadzirirwa kuburitsa yakamanikana-bhendi ruzha, inoratidzirwa neinopenya inzwi.

Matremin

Zita risinganzwisisike rakapiwa kune chiridzwa chemimhanzi chakagadzirwa neJapan Masami Takeuchi muna 1999. MaJapan sezvidhori zvekugara, saka muvambi akavanza majenareta mukati metoyi yeRussia. Huwandu hwechigadzirwa hunogadziriswa otomatiki, iyo frequency inodzorwa nekuchinja chinzvimbo chechanza. Vadzidzi vevaJapan vane tarenda vanoronga makonti makuru ane vatori vechikamu vanopfuura mazana maviri.

Virtual

Chigadzirwa chemazuva ano ndicho chirongwa che theremin che touchscreen makomputa uye mafoni. A coordination system inoratidzwa pane yekutarisa, imwe axis inoratidza kuwanda kweiyo ruzha, yechipiri - vhoriyamu.

Muiti anobata monitor pane dzimwe coordination points. Iyo purogiramu, kugadzirisa ruzivo, inoshandura mapoinzi akasarudzwa kuita pitch uye vhoriyamu, uye ruzha rwaunoda rwunowanikwa. Kana iwe uchifambisa chigunwe chako kuyambuka cheki nenzira yakachinjika, kukwirira kunoshanduka, munzira yakatwasuka, vhoriyamu.

Nhoroondo yekusika

Muvambi weiyo theremin - Lev Sergeevich Termen - muimbi, musayendisiti, muvambi wemagetsi, unhu hwepakutanga, hwakakomberedzwa nerunyerekupe rwakawanda. Akanga achifungidzirwa zveespionage, vakavimbisa kuti chiridzwa chemimhanzi chakasikwa chakanga chisinganzwisisike uye chisinganzwisisike zvokuti munyori pachake aitya kuchiridza.

Lev Theremin aiva wemhuri yairemekedzwa, akaberekerwa muSt. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yekutanga, Lev Sergeevich akashanda senyanzvi yekukurukurirana. Munguva yepashure pehondo, akatora sainzi, achidzidza nezvemagetsi emagetsi emagasi. Zvadaro nhoroondo yechiridzwa chemimhanzi yakatanga, iyo yakagamuchira zita rayo kubva kune zita remusiki uye izwi rokuti "vox" - inzwi.

Chigadzirwa chacho chakaona chiedza muna 1919. Muna 1921, musayendisiti akapa chiridzwa chacho kuvanhu vose, zvichiita kuti vanhu vafare uye vashamiswa. Lev Sergeevich akakokwa kuna Lenin, uyo akabva arayira kuti musayendisiti atumire rwendo rwenyika nemimhanzi yakagadzirwa. Lenin, uyo panguva iyoyo akanga akanyura mukugadzira magetsi, akaona imomo chombo chokuparidzira pfungwa yezvematongerwe enyika.

Mukupera kwema1920, Theremin akaenda kuWestern Europe, ndokuzoenda kuUnited States, achiramba ari mugari weSoviet. Paiva nerunyerekupe rwekuti pasi pechimiro chemusayendisiti uye muimbi akatumwa kunosora, kuti awane kubudirira kwesayenzi.

Chiridzwa chisina kujairika chemimhanzi kunze kwenyika chakakonzera kunakidzwa kwete zvishoma pane kumba. MaParisians akatengesa matikiti kunhandare mwedzi mishoma pamberi pekutaura kwesainzi-muimbi. Mumakore ekuma1930, Theremin akatanga kambani yeTeletouch muU.SA kuti igadzire imomo.

Pakutanga, bhizimisi rakanga richifamba zvakanaka, asi nokukurumidza mubereko wokutenga wakaoma. Zvakazoitika kuti kuti ubudirire kuridza iyo theremin, unoda nzeve yakanaka yemimhanzi, kunyange vaimbi vane hunyanzvi vaisagara vaine chiridzwa. Kuti irege kubhuroka, kambani yakatanga kugadzira maalarm.

kushandisa

Kwemakumi emakore anoverengeka, chiridzwa chacho chainzi chakakanganwika. Kunyangwe mikana yekutamba pairi yakasarudzika.

Vamwe vaimbi vari kuedza kutangazve kufarira mumhanzi wacho. Muzukuru mukuru waLev Sergeevich Termen akatanga muMoscow neSt. Petersburg chikoro chega chekutamba theremin munyika dzeCIS. Chimwe chikoro, chinotungamirirwa naMasami Takeuchi ambotaurwa, chiri muJapan.

Kurira kweiyo theremin kunogona kunzwika mumafirimu. Pakupera kwezana remakore rechi20, firimu "Munhu paMwedzi" rakabudiswa, iro rinotaura nezvemuchadenga Neil Armstrong. Mukuperekedzwa kwemumhanzi, theremin inonzwika zvakajeka, ichiratidza zvakajeka mamiriro enhoroondo yemuchadenga.

Nhasi, chiridzwa chemimhanzi chiri kutangazve. Vanoyeuka pamusoro pazvo, vanoedza kuishandisa mumakonti ejazz, mumitambo yemitambo yeklasiki, inozadza nemimhanzi yemagetsi uye yemarudzi. Kusvika pari zvino, vanhu gumi nevashanu chete munyika vanotamba ipapo nehunyanzvi, uye vamwe vatambi vanozvidzidzisa uye havana dzidzo yemimhanzi.

The theremin chiridzwa chechidiki, chinovimbisa chine ruzha rwakasiyana, rwemashiripiti. Chero ani anoda, nekuedza, anokwanisa kudzidza kuiridza zvine mutsindo. Pamuiti wega wega, chiridzwa chinonzwika chepakutanga, chinoburitsa mafungiro uye hunhu. Mafungu ekufarira mune yakasarudzika mudziyo anotarisirwa.