Synthesizer: chiridzwa kuumbwa, nhoroondo, marudzi, maitiro ekusarudza

A synthesizer chiridzwa chemagetsi chiridzwa. Zvinoreva rudzi rwekibhodhi, asi kune mavhezheni ane dzimwe nzira dzekupinza.

Device

A classic keyboard synthesizer ikesi ine zvemagetsi mukati uye keyboard kunze. Zvinhu zveimba - plastiki, simbi. Huni haiwanzo shandiswa. Ukuru hwechiridzwa hunoenderana nehuwandu hwekiyi uye zvinhu zvemagetsi.

Synthesizers anowanzo kudzorwa uchishandisa kiibhodhi. Inogona kuvakwa-mukati uye yakabatana, semuenzaniso, kuburikidza ne midi. Makiyi anonzwa kusimba nekumhanya kwekudzvanya. Kiyi inogona kunge iine sando inoshanda.

Zvakare, chishandiso chinogona kuve chakashongedzerwa nekubata mapaneru anopindura kubata uye kutsvedza zvigunwe. Blow controllers inobvumidza iwe kuridza ruzha kubva kune synthesizer senyere.

Chikamu chepamusoro chine mabhatani, zviratidziro, mapfundo, switch. Vanoshandura inzwi. Zviratidziro ndeye analogi uye mvura crystal.

Padivi kana pamusoro penyaya pane interface yekubatanidza kunze zvishandiso. Zvichienderana nemuenzaniso we synthesizer, unogona kubatanidza mahedhifoni, maikorofoni, ruzha rwekuita pedals, memori kadhi, USB drive, komputa kuburikidza neiyo interface.

History

Nhoroondo ye synthesizer yakatanga pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX nekupararira kukuru kwemagetsi. Imwe yekutanga yemagetsi zviridzwa zvemimhanzi yaive theremin. Chiridzwa ichi chaive dhizaini chine antenna dzinonzwa. Nokufambisa maoko ake pamusoro peantenna, muimbi akabudisa inzwi. Chigadzirwa chacho chakave chakakurumbira, asi chakaoma kushanda, saka kuedza nekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa chemagetsi chitsva chakaenderera mberi.

Muna 1935, nhengo yeHammond yakasunungurwa, kunze yakafanana nepiyano huru. Chiridzwa chacho chaive shanduko yemagetsi yenhengo. Muna 1948, muvambi wekuCanada Hugh Le Cain akagadzira nyere yemagetsi ine kiibhodhi inonzwika zvakanyanya uye kugona kushandisa vibrato uye glissando. Kubudisa inzwi kwaidzorwa nejenareta rinodzorwa nemagetsi. Gare gare, majenereta akadaro achashandiswa mu synths.

Yekutanga yakazara-yakazara yemagetsi synthesizer yakagadzirwa muU.SA muna 1957. Zita racho "RCA Mark II Sound Synthesizer". Chiridzwa chacho chakaverenga tape yakarohwa nemiganhu yezwi raidiwa. Analog synth ine 750 vacuum chubhu ndiyo yaive nebasa rekubvisa ruzha.

Pakati pe-60s, modular synthesizer yakagadzirwa naRobert Moog yakaonekwa. Chishandiso ichi chaive nemamodule akati wandei anogadzira uye anogadzirisa ruzha. Iwo ma modules akabatanidzwa ne switching port.

Moog akagadzira nzira yekudzora kukwirira kwenzwi kuburikidza nemagetsi emagetsi anonzi oscillator. Ndiye zvakare akatanga kushandisa majenareta eruzha, mafirita nemasevha. Zvigadzirwa zveMoog zvakava chikamu chakakosha chezvese ramangwana synthesizer.

Muma70s, injiniya wekuAmerica Don Buchla akagadzira Modular Electric Music System. Panzvimbo pekhibhodi yakajairwa, Buchla akashandisa mapaneru anobata-bata. Hunhu hweinzwi hwaisiyana-siyana nesimba rekudzvanya uye pakamira zvigunwe.

Muna 1970, Moog akatanga kugadzirwa kwehuwandu hwemhando duku, iyo yakazozivikanwa se "Minimoog". Yaive yekutanga nyanzvi synth inotengeswa muzvitoro zvemimhanzi zvenguva dzose uye yaiitirwa mitambo yepamoyo. Minimoog yakamisa pfungwa yechishandiso chega chine kiibhodhi yakavakirwa mukati.

MuUK, iyo yakazara-yakareba synth yakagadzirwa neElectronic Music Studios. Zvigadzirwa zveEMS zvakaderera zvakave zvakakurumbira nevanofambira mberi rock keyboardist uye orchestras. Pink Floyd yaive imwe yekutanga dombo bhendi kushandisa EMS zviridzwa.

Ekutanga synthesizer aive monophonic. Yekutanga polyphonic modhi yakaburitswa muna 1978 pasi pezita rekuti "OB-X". Mugore rimwe chete, Muporofita-5 akasunungurwa - yekutanga yakagadziriswa synthesizer. Muporofita akashandisa microprocessors kubvisa ruzha.

Muna 1982, iyo MIDI yakajairwa uye yakazara-yakazara sampler synths yakaonekwa. Chinhu chavo chikuru ndechekugadziridzwa kwemanzwi akarekodhwa. Yekutanga digital synthesizer, iyo Yamaha DX7, yakaburitswa muna 1983.

Mumakore ekuma1990, masoftware synthesizer akaonekwa. Ivo vanokwanisa kuburitsa ruzha munguva chaiyo uye kushanda senge zvirongwa zvenguva dzose zvinomhanya pakombuta.

Types

Musiyano uripo pakati pemhando dzemasynthesizer uri munzira iyo ruzha rwunogadzirwa. Kune marudzi matatu makuru:

1. Analogi. Ruzha rwunogadzirwa nenzira yekuwedzera uye yekubvisa. Kubatsira ndiko kushanduka kwakatsetseka muamplitude yezwi. Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndeyepamusoro vhoriyamu yechitatu-bato ruzha.
2. Virtual analogi. Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvakafanana neanalogi. Musiyano ndewekuti ruzha rwunogadzirwa nemadhijitari masaini processors.
3. Digital. Inzwi rinogadziriswa ne processor zvinoenderana ne logic circuits. Chiremerera - kuchena kwezwi uye mikana mikuru yekugadzirisa kwayo. Iwo anogona kunge ari maviri emuviri akamira uye akazara software maturusi.

Nzira yekusarudza synthesizer

Kusarudza synthesizer kunofanirwa kutanga nekuona chinangwa chekushandisa. Kana chinangwa chisiri chekubvisa ruzha rusina kujairika, saka unogona kutora piyano kana pianoforte. Musiyano uripo pakati pe synth nepiyano uri murudzi rweruzha rwakagadzirwa: dijitari uye mechanika.

Pakudzidziswa, hazvikurudzirwe kutora modhi inodhura zvakanyanya, asi iwe haufanirwe kuchengetedza zvakanyanya kana.

Mienzaniso inosiyana muhuwandu hwekiyi. Kana makiyi akawanda, ndipo pakawedzera ruzha rwakafukidzwa. Nhamba yakajairika yemakiyi: 25, 29, 37, 44, 49, 61, 66, 76, 80, 88. Kubatsira kwenhamba diki ndiko kutakurika. Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuchinja kwemanyore uye kusarudzwa kwemhando. Iwe unofanirwa kusarudza iyo yakanyanya kugadzikana sarudzo.

Kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo uye kuita kuenzanisa kwekuona kunobatsirwa zvakanyanya nemupi wezano muchitoro chemimhanzi.